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  • 1.
    Abdulahovic, Emina
    et al.
    University West, Department of Social and Behavioural Studies, Psychology and organization studies.
    Nemec, Iris
    University West, Department of Social and Behavioural Studies, Psychology and organization studies.
    Socialt samspel och säkerhet: en kvalitativ studie utifrån brandmäns föreställningar2016Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Human beings spend a large part of their lives in the workplace. For her to feel good it requires a good working environment; one important factor for this is that she should feel a physical and emotional safety in the workplace. Firefighters are an occupational group whose work is often the site of an accident or fire where large risks may occur. It has been shown that a functioning social interaction within the working group contributes to the likelihood of personal safety. Based on the purpose to study and understand the firefighters' beliefs about how social interactions affect their safety, a qualitative study was conducted. The research participants were six male firefighters between the ages of 28-46 who have been working for 3-15 years. Each participant has a Swedish firefighter training (SMO). Semi-structured interviews were conducted using an interview guide. The material was processed and analyzed with thematic analysis with the help of riskhomeostas theory and FIRO-theory. Based on the thematic analysis four themes emerged: (1) Perceived control leads to perceived safety (2) The importance of roles in the team (3) The significance of open communication (4) Trusting each other. The results showed that the firefighters felt that they were the most secure in the workplace when they had a perceived control. The results also showed that they believed that social interaction was important for their safety. The factors that stood out when it came to social interaction were open communication, clear roles within the work group and to have trust in each other. The conclusion that was drawn was that the firefighters felt that social interaction has an impact on safety.

  • 2.
    Andersson, Anna
    University West, Department of Social and Behavioural Studies, Psychology and organization studies.
    TALKMAP: en kommunikationsmodell för bättre ledarskap?2015Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    The purpose of this essay was primarily to seek knowledge about how leaders using the Talkmap method, feel that their attitude and leadership was affected. The study used symbolic interactionism, communication theory, and some leadership theories, to understand and interpret the respondents' different experiences. This study is qualitative with a hermeneutic approach, and the interpretations are based on respondents' experiences of Talkmap. The study used an abductive approach when analyzing the seven semi-structured interviews.

    The result of the study showed that all respondents felt they had developed their abilities in treatment. They used tools and models in Talkmap, which gave them knowledge of how people like to reflect themselves in each other. This knowledge could be used in interpersonal meetings. One important aspects given by the respondents was that they now felt less stress, since they could control development of conversation. They also felt that the emphasis of the course was on optimism and positivity, which led to the fact that they often reflected on their leadership and how to improve as leaders. The essay concluded that good treatment always can evolve, and by participating in Talkmap the leadership could develop by gaining more tools

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  • 3.
    Andersson, John-Philip
    et al.
    University West, Department of Social and Behavioural Studies, Psychology and organization studies.
    Nilsson, Mattias
    University West, Department of Social and Behavioural Studies, Psychology and organization studies.
    Work-family conflict och dess samverkan med individens upplevelse av sin hälsa: en studie på svenska tjänstemän2016Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Arbetsmiljöverkets AFS 2015:4 is focused on the problems that can occur when employees experience that their work-life has a negative impact on their familylife. In the world of psychology this experience is called "work-family conflict", and the conflict consists of two dimensions; work interference with family, and family interference with work. This study had two major study subjects; possible antecedents and their correlation with work-family conflict, and if the experience of work-family conflict has an association with how persons experience their own health. The respondents consisted of 302 Swedish white-collar workers (53% women) who worked for a logistics business. The study had a quantitative method where the respondents answered a survey, which was made from several well used instruments; Copenhagen psychosocial questionnaire version II (COPSOQ II), a modernized and translated version of Netemayer et al.'s (1996) survey, and Quality marriage index (QMI). A multiple linear regressions analyzer showed that the six antecedents explained 20% of the variance in the dimension Privatliv-Arbetsliv (family interference with work), and 21% of the variance in the dimension Arbetsliv-Privatliv (work interference with family). The study found a strong correlation between the variable Allmän hälsa (eng: General health) and Arbetsliv-Privatliv (r = -.62). This indicates that there is a negative association between Swedish white collar workers self experienced general health and the grade of Arbetsliv-Privatliv conflict they experience.

  • 4.
    Andersson, Sandra
    et al.
    University West, Department of Social and Behavioural Studies, Psychology and organization studies.
    Sandström, Caroline
    University West, Department of Social and Behavioural Studies, Psychology and organization studies.
    Att mobba andra: En studie om mobbning, psykisk hälsa, tobak, alkohol och droganvändning och föräldrabarnkommunikation2017Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Bullying is a major global problem that is prevalent among young people. The aim of the present study is to investigate mental health and tobacco, alcohol and drug use and child disclosure related to bullying. The study intended to verify background variables such as gender, ethnicity and enjoyment of the area one lives in. The following questions were formulated: (a) Is there any connection between mental health, tobacco, alcohol and drug use, child disclosure and bullying? (b) How does bullying relate to mental health, tobacco, alcohol and drug use and child disclosure while controlling for gender, ethnicity and enjoyment of the area? To study this area, we used a quantitative approach with material from the LoRDIA (Longitudinal Research on Development In Adolescence) study in 2015. The study included 1324 students from two small and two medium-sized cities in Jönköping’s and Västra Götaland’s county in southern Sweden. The result indicate that there is a statistically significant relationship between bullying, mental health, tobacco, alcohol and drug use, as well as child disclosure. The most interesting result of the study shows that there is a significant difference between boys and girls bullying behavior: Boys are more involved in bullying than girls, and their bullying behavior is predicted by tobacco, alcohol, and drug use and child disclosure and perceived enjoyment of the area they live in, while girls bullying related to mental health, child disclosure, ethnicity and enjoyment of the area they live in.

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  • 5.
    Andersson, Åsa
    et al.
    University West, Department of Social and Behavioural Studies, Division of Social Pedagogy and Sociology.
    Beckman, Anita
    University West, Department of Social and Behavioural Studies, Psychology and organization studies.
    Young and working-class without work2016In: Nordic Youth Research Symposium: Youth Moves – Voices – Spaces – Subjectivities, Trollhättan: Högskolan Väst , 2016, p. 41-41Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This paper discusses narratives from young unemployed working class men and women, living in a small Swedish town located outside the emerging economic regions. Like in many other European countries the rate of unemployment among youth is disproportionally high in Sweden. The empirical work the study is based on consists of a sample of in-depth interviews with men and women in the ages of 19-24, conducted during 2014. The main research question of the study is about how young unemployed people experience and reflect upon their own situation. Industrial societies have turned post-industrialand this is reflected in the social structure of the communities that for decades used to be dominated by industries and smaller factories. The labor market has undergone major structural changes during the last four decades. Since the cultural and social identity of the working class traditionally has been closely connected to an intergenerational continuity where foundational elements are defined by work and a belonging to the local community, the situation of unemployment means that the identities as well as the community are forced to be reimagined. The narratives from the young men and women in our study can be seen to reflect social and cultural changes that have taken place on a structural level concerning the labor market, the education system and alsothe changed conditions for the formation of social identities. We make use of Margaret Archers concepts contextual discontinuity and contextual incongruity in understanding and discussing these tendencies.

  • 6.
    Andréasson, Anna
    et al.
    University West, Department of Social and Behavioural Studies, Psychology and organization studies.
    Holm, Lena
    University West, Department of Social and Behavioural Studies, Psychology and organization studies.
    Personalens upplevelse av krisberedskap i förskolan: en kvalitativ studie i en västsvensk kommun2016Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    The frequency of crises within preschools is ever increasing. The purpose of the study is to investigate how the preschool staff perceives preparedness for such crisis. Talking openly about the subject, setting up a crisis plan which involves the staff, and practicing the plan regularly may increase individual self-efficacy. Self-efficacy is a person's belief in their own ability to exercise a specific behavior in a specific situation. Through semi-structured interviews with preschool staff the results shows that preschools lacking a crisis plan generate worry about safety and a sense of insecurity among the staff. Those who have a crisis plan perceive themselves, however, more confident and prepared. The result shows that the staff also requested discussions and training on how to handle crisis, as well as regular training beyond fire drills.

  • 7.
    Basinska, Beata A.
    et al.
    Gdansk University of Technology, Faculty of Management and Economics, Poland.
    Dåderman, Anna Maria
    University West, Department of Social and Behavioural Studies, Psychology and organization studies. University West, Department of Social and Behavioural Studies, Division of Psychology, Pedagogy and Sociology.
    Be fearless : Positive affect as a mediator between venturesomeness and self-efficacy in future entrepreneurs and managers: Être intrépide : affect positif agissant comme médiateur entre l’audace et la connaissance de ses propres capacités chez les futurs entrepreneurs et managers2018In: Revue Européenne de Psychologie Appliquée / European Review of Applied Psychology, ISSN 1162-9088, Vol. 68, no 4-5, p. 171-180Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Introduction and objectives. – Self-efficacy, personality and different affect states in entrepreneurs and managers are important factors for effectiveness and well-being. The aim of the study was to examine in young adults during entrepreneurship-related education, the relationships between venturesomeness and self-efficacy, and the mediating effects of positive affect and positive emotions (joviality, self-assurance, attentiveness) on these relationships.

    Method. – One hundred and fifty-three participants (mean age 22 years) completed questionnaires that assessed venturesomeness, general self-efficacy, positive affect (measured as a state), and positive emotions. Bootstrapping analyses with simple and multiple mediators were conducted, controlled for gender, to estimate the indirect effects of positive affect and positive emotions on venturesomeness and general self-efficacy.

    Results. – Venturesomeness was significantly correlated with self-efficacy. Positive affect (model 1), joviality and self-assurance, but not attentiveness (model 2), were complete mediators in the relationship between venturesomeness and self-efficacy.

    Conclusion. – The present study provides new evidence that heightened venturesomeness is related to higher levels of positive affect, self-assurance and joviality. Venturesomeness, therefore, may strengthen self-efficacy in young people during entrepreneurship-related education, and positive emotions may lead to an aware use of resources, including self-efficacy. These results may stimulate young people to be braveand to try new experiences.

  • 8.
    Beckman, Anita
    University West, Department of Social and Behavioural Studies, Psychology and organization studies.
    Re-imagining Work and Masculinity in a Postindustrial Society2016Conference paper (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    This paper discusses the narratives of young working-class men, living in a small town in Sweden that is located outside the regions with economic growth. As in many other European countries, the rate of unemployment among Swedish youth is disproportionally high. Based upon material consisting of in-depth interviews with unemployed young men, the paper will analyze the changed meaning of masculinity in relation to work in a postindustrial society. Since working-class masculinity has traditionally been closely connected to wage labor and to the ability to provide for oneself as well as being the breadwinner of the family, the lack of resources that unemployment implies, means that masculinity and its relational implications must be re-imagined. The young men's narratives can thereby be seen to reflect social and cultural changes that have taken place on a structural level related to the labor market, the educational system, as well as the changed conditions for the formation of social identities. The intergenerational working-class culture on the one hand and neoliberal ideas permeating activities for the unemployed, such as training- and coaching-programs, on the other – serve as reference points for the young men's experience of subordination. In many ways the situation described was marked by deficiency and vulnerability, an effect of the social division of today, where the long-term unemployed are depicted as 'abject others' and even more so if placed in subordinated categories such as (non)working-class males, living in the back country. But what also can be traced in the young men's own narratives are some critical reflections and possible alternative ways of forming social identities and masculinities. This is furthermore related to different kinds of work ethics than the familiar one they have been socialized into when growing up and the other one that they have met as jobseekers.

  • 9.
    Bengtsson, Catarina
    University West, Department of Social and Behavioural Studies, Psychology and organization studies.
    ”…man ser världen på ett helt annat sätt nu helt enkelt”: om gymnasieungdomars erfarenheter av drama och dans2016Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (One Year)), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Det övergripande syftet med detta arbete har varit att söka kunskap om och synliggöra gymnasieungdomars upplevelser och erfarenheter av deltagande i ett kulturprojekt där de estetiska kommunikationsformerna drama och dans använts. Sammanlagt deltog 18 ungdomar från olika gymnasieskolor och introduktionsprogram i kulturprojektet, som genomfördes i en mellanstor sydsvensk stad.

    Arbetet har genomförts i form av en empirisk undersökning och har förhållit sig till två olika forskningsfält; dels forskning om kultur och estetik i skolan och dels barn- och ungdomsvetenskaplig forskning. Det har tagit sin utgångspunkt i en fenomenologisk livsvärldsansats och metodologi och begrepp som livsvärld, intersubjektivitet, kropp, horisont och mening har varit centrala. Också begrepp som används inom forskningsfältet kultur och estetik i skolan relateras till i arbetet.

    I linje med arbetets livsvärldsansats har kvalitativa metoder använts för att genomföra undersökningen. Deltagande observation i kulturprojektet har kombinerats med samtal med ungdomar som velat berätta om sina upplevelser och erfarenheter av kulturprojektet. Datamaterialet utgörs av fältanteckningar från deltagande observationer och transkriberade samtal som genomförts med sex av de ungdomar som fullgjort sitt deltagande i projektet.

    Resultatet av undersökningen visar bland annat att kulturprojektet bidragit till nya och förändrade perspektiv i ungdomarnas livsvärld men också bidragit till ökat självförtroende och studiemotivation. Ungdomarnas upplevelser och erfarenheter av de estetiska kommunikationsformerna kan också förstås i termer av ett estetiskt lärande. Detta estetiska lärande kan relateras till lärande såväl genom drama och dans som i dessa båda estetiska kommunikationsformer.

  • 10.
    Berg, Emmy
    University West, Department of Social and Behavioural Studies, Psychology and organization studies.
    Arbetsnarkomani, stress och engagemang: En kvantitativ studie av samband mellan arbetsnarkomani, stress och engagemang på jobbet2016Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Previous research shows that people with a high level of workaholism have a higher level of self-percieved stress than people with a high level of workengagement (Schaufeli, Shimazu & Taris, 2009). The aim of this study was therefore to investigate if stress can be predicted by workaholism and workengagement but also if similiar results from previous research could be found in the matter of correlations between stress and workaholism and correlations between stress and workengagement. The following questions were formulated: Can stress be predicted by workaholism and workengagement? How does stress correlate with workaholism? How does stress correlate with workengagement? The participants of this study were 102 people whereof 59 women and 43 men. The age range was between 19 to 64 years with a mean (M) of 39 years. Three well-established questionnaries were used to measure workaholism (DUWAS-10), workengagement (UWES) and stress (PSS-10). The results showed that stress can be predicted by workaholism and work engagement, the percentage of overlap of common variance showed 16.9%. The results also showed that stress has a positive correlation with workaholism and stress are associated negatively with workengagement, which are largely in line with previous research.

  • 11.
    Berner, Elina
    et al.
    University West, Department of Social and Behavioural Studies, Psychology and organization studies.
    Falberg, Felicia
    University West, Department of Social and Behavioural Studies, Psychology and organization studies.
    Allmän begåvning: är intelligens, rationalitet, kreativitet och öppenhet dimensioner av en gemensam faktor?2016Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Intelligence, rationality, openness and creativity include a common attribute; they all consist of a measure of human aptitude with relevance for the personnel paradigm. In this statement exists a need to investigate the relations between these variables, seeing that earlier research have presented contradicting results. Further, it was of interest to investigate whether the variables would be a part of a common comprehensive aptitude factor. With this as foundation a quantitative research study was conducted. The data collection was executed through an online survey (N = 116, M = 36.61 yrs, Min: 18 yrs, Max: 72 yrs, 57% women) which was analysed using correlation analysis and factor analysis. The following measurement instruments were applied: ICAR (Condon & Revelle, 2014) for intelligence, Stanovich's (2014) rationality test, The alternate uses task (Guilford, 1967), Test of creativity (Harris, 1960), and Big Five IPIP (Goldberg et al., 2006) for the personality trait openness. Some confirmation was found in regards to the results of this study in relation to former results. Furthermore the two factor solution presented several commonalities with a two factor solution presented by prior research. The most central result was that intelligence/rationality and creativity/openness showed loadings on two latent factors. A strong significant correlation for rationality and intelligence also emerged.

  • 12.
    Bodin, Katarina
    et al.
    University West, Department of Social and Behavioural Studies, Psychology and organization studies.
    DuBar, Helena
    University West, Department of Social and Behavioural Studies, Psychology and organization studies.
    Delaktighet och arbetstillfredsställelse: En jämförelse mellan olika anställningsformer2016Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Previous research shows a connection between participation and job satisfaction. However, many studies do not take into account temporary employees. Therefore, the aim of this study was to examine the correlation between perceived participation and job satisfaction, and if there are differences in perceived participation and job satisfaction between individuals in different types of employment. The following questions are considered: (1) What connection is there between perceived participation and job satisfaction? (2) Are there differences in perceived participation between individuals in different types of employment? (3) Are there differences in perceived work satisfaction between individuals in different types of employment? To measure participation parts of Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire were used, and to measure job satisfaction, a short form based on the Minnesota Satisfaction Questionnaire was used. The questionnaire was answered by temporary agency workers and members on Facebook/LinkedIn (n = 93; including 45 men (48.4%) and 48 women (51.6%) in the ages 18-61 (MD = 27; IQR = 10). The data was analyzed using Spearman´s rho, Kruskal-Wallis ANOVA-test, and the Mann-Whitney U-test. The results show (1) a very strong correlation between degree of participation and job satisfaction (r = .715, p < .001) (2) significant differences between individuals in different types of employment in some of perceived participation, and (3) no significant differences between individuals in different types of employment in work satisfaction. Unexpected was that no significant differences appeared for work satisfaction and that permanent employees through employment agencies as well as temporary employees report greater result than individuals in permanent employment regarding participation The results indicate that the subject needs to be investigated further to determine whether it is the type of employment or other underlying factors that are crucial for the perceived participation and work satisfaction.

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  • 13.
    Bohlin, Margareta
    et al.
    University West, Department of Social and Behavioural Studies, Psychology and organization studies.
    Gurdal, Sevtap
    University West, Department of Social and Behavioural Studies, Division for Educational Science and Languages.
    Social mobilisering och organisering via sociala medier2016In: Socialt arbete och internet: att förstå och hantera sociala problem på internet. Liber förlag. Bokkapitel / [ed] K. Daneback & E. Sorbring, Stockholm: Liber, 2016, 1, p. 122-135Chapter in book (Other academic)
  • 14.
    Bohlin, Margareta
    et al.
    University West, Department of Social and Behavioural Studies, Psychology and organization studies.
    Widén, Stephen E.
    School of Health and Medical Sciences Swedish Institute for Disability Research Örebro University, Sweden..
    University teacher and student judgments on misleading behavior in study situations2016Report (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    This study deals with teachers' and students' judgments of misleading (e.g. cheating or plagiarism) behaviors during examinations. The data was collected at a university in Sweden using a questionnaire presenting specific behaviors to bejudged. In total, 253 individuals completed the questionnaire. The teachers, incontrast to the students, tended to judge the behaviors presented as more serious. There was, however, plenty of variation in the judgments made by both teachers and students. Although the teachers, on average, tended to judge the behaviors as more serious, about 20% of the students were found to judge the behaviors as more serious than the average teacher. It was also found that about 20 % of the teachers judged the scenarios as less serious compared to the average student judgments. This indicates a lack of agreement among teachers and students on the definition of misleading behavior. Subjective opinions seem to play a more important role for judgment than having actual knowledge about the rules and regulations stating what misleading behaviors really are inacademic work.

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  • 15.
    Bolin, Anette
    et al.
    University West, Department of Social and Behavioural Studies, Division of Social Pedagogy and Sociology.
    Sorbring, Emma
    University West, Department of Social and Behavioural Studies, Psychology and organization studies.
    Consequences of Availability of 'extended´ Pupil Welfare Interventions2016In: Nordic Youth Research Symposium: Youth Moves – Voices – Spaces – Subjectivities, Trollhättan: Högskolan Väst , 2016, p. 59-59Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Children and young people living in families with alcohol misuse, violence or a parents psychiatric illness are commonly regarded as a group at risk of developing social and health problems, but also at risk of failing in school. Teachers, school social workers and other relevant staff all have important roles to play in identifying pupils within this target group. However research demonstrates that this process can be prolonged and professionals fail to identify young people at risk in early stages. This presentation offers an evaluation of the project Extended In-Depth Pupil Welfare (2013 2015) funded by the Swedish Public Health Agency. The research questions are: Does availability influence willingness to seek and accept support? , and In what way does this support influence school performance? In this presentation focus is directed to findings emerging from data with children and young people (N=88) who has received interventions. Statistics on grades (grade 7-9) and school absence and interviews (N=20). Thematic analysis has been adopted and the interview data was coded and closely analyzed by identifying increasinglevels of abstraction in the material. The result indicate that the children and young people perceive they can control whether, and if so, when they want to receive support from the support team (self-referrals). This, they report, contributes to a willingness to both emotionally and cognitively engage in the preRepuls program and in the counselling provided. Also three affordances facilitating childrens and young people´sself-referrals is identified: (i) the day-to-day presence of the social workers enables investment in relationships, (ii) team members use communication technologies in domains familiar to the children, and (iii) the social workers practice is visible. A further resultis also that grades are improved, often pointing to subjects such as Swedish, Maths and English and decreased absence from school.

  • 16.
    Bolin, Anette
    et al.
    University West, Department of Social and Behavioural Studies, Division of Social Pedagogy and Sociology.
    Sorbring, Emma
    University West, Department of Social and Behavioural Studies, Psychology and organization studies.
    The self-referral affordances of school-based social work support: a case study2017In: European Journal of Social Work, ISSN 1369-1457, E-ISSN 1468-2664, Vol. 20, no 6, p. 869-881Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    School-based social work can reach children at risk through the promotion of children’s participation in seeking support. Drawing on Gibson’s theory of affordances, the aim of this interview-based study was to identify affordances for self-referral associated with school-based social work support. Results reveal three affordances facilitating children’s self-initiated contact: (i) the day-to-day presence of social workers in the school environment supports investment in relationships, (ii) use of communication technologies facilitates contact and (iii) the visibility of the social workers’ practice encourages contact-initiation. Common to all three affordances are the accessibility of the social workers, and the generation of trust.

  • 17.
    Dahl, Maja
    et al.
    University West, Department of Social and Behavioural Studies, Psychology and organization studies.
    Fransson, Linnéa
    University West, Department of Social and Behavioural Studies, Psychology and organization studies.
    Medarbetarens upplevda behov av socialt stöd från chef vid sjukfrånvaro: En kvantitativ studie vid en västsvensk kommun2016Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    The study aimed to examine the Sense of Coherence and Extraversion could predict individuals´ need of social support. Then purpose was to illuminate individual characteristics to call attention to the different needs of social support during absence due to illness. The survey was a correlational study (N=135). The respondents were municipal employees where the age distribution amounted to M = 44.14 years, SD = 12.16 years, the majority of the participants were women, 74.4 % (N=99). A questionnaire was used consisting of three inclusive measurement tools: The abbreviated version including 13 questions of the Sense of Coherence Scale, Mini IPIP6 (where only questions on the subject of Extroversion were included), as well as five self-designed questions intending to measure the perceived need of social support during absence due to illness. The data was analyzed through a regression model, ANOVA and t-test. The most important results from the study were firstly that SOC (Sense of Coherence) on its own could predict the need of social support during absence due to illness, which means that the higher the individual rated on the SOC scale the higher their need of social support was. Secondly there were gender differences concerning the need of social support, women expressed a greater need of social support during absence due to illness than men. Those who expressed a greater degree of extroversion also expressed a greater degree on KASAM, and those who express a greater degree of extroversion where older. The results showed that there were also differences between the professions social oriented work and administrative work and their measured levels of Extroversion, where those who worked social oriented work express greater degree on extroversion. There was a lack of previous research focusing on the perceived need of social support which provided difficulties in discussing similarities to previous research. The study could be an opportunity to continuing discussion on individual differences and needs which according to the authors are of great importance for future working life.

  • 18.
    Dahlström, Lisa
    University West, Department of Social and Behavioural Studies, Psychology and organization studies.
    Kan svenska sjuksköterskor balansera sitt arbets- och privatliv?2016Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    The study is a replication of Dåderman and Basinska’s (2016a) study. Work-family conflict (WFC) and family-work conflict (FWC) are based on the problems that can arise when employees feel that working life affects privacy negative and vice versa. In this study, 98 nurses residing in Sweden participated; 94% were women and 6% were men. The study had the quantitative approach and questionnaire used was web-based. The questionnaires used were Swedish translated versions of Quantitative Workload Inventory, Interpersonal Conflict at Work Scale, Utrecht Work Engagement Scale (UWES-9), which measures the work engagement (vigour, dedication and absorption), and Work-Family Conflict and Family-Work Conflict scales. Even questions about the intention to change the current workplace or change of occupation were included. Of the results that could be imposed was the most important result that the WFC was larger, or perceived with a greater intensity than the FWC, and it means that people with high WFC experience a higher workload. This is consistent with previous research.

  • 19.
    Dahnér, Anna
    et al.
    University West, Department of Social and Behavioural Studies, Psychology and organization studies.
    Johnsson, Kim
    University West, Department of Social and Behavioural Studies, Psychology and organization studies.
    Intuitionens vikt som central faktor i rekryteringsprocessen: utbildningens inverkan och framfart2016Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    The steady increase of people in the labor market educated in HR-skills was the foundation of the study's central question of whether the recruiter's age, and therefore access to HR-education, would affect their attitude towards intuition when recruiting. With a survey carried out in one singular occasion the study was conducted with 50 people in various HR-departments in Sweden, all of whom worked with recruitment. The participants were asked to answer a few background questions and then asked to estimate their level of agreement with various statements, all of which measure attitude towards intuition. The study showed a strong correlation between age and the number of years spent working within the organization, in relation to the attitude towards using intuition as a tool when recruiting. However, there was no relationship between age and intuition when it was controlled for other variables. The correlation with age might also imply a correlation between education and intuition, since a younger age and shorter period of time as an employee within an organization may lead to increased likelihood that the person has education in HR. This might also lead to a more positive attitude towards intuition. These results concur with a previous study by Nordin (2015) who found that recruiters with less education were more likely to use their "gut feeling" as a tool for recruiting than were those with higher level of education.

  • 20.
    Darius, Louise
    et al.
    University West, Department of Social and Behavioural Studies, Psychology and organization studies.
    Stroh, Veronika
    University West, Department of Social and Behavioural Studies, Psychology and organization studies.
    En kvalitativ uppsats om socialsekreterares val att lämna sitt yrke2016Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    In this paper, it was investigated why social workers in a western Swedish municipality have chosen to leave their professions. The main reason behind this study is that the lack of social workers is a national problem that Sweden's municipalities struggle with, especially in today's society when refugees are pouring in and need to be attended to. The research was conducted using qualitative interviews. To analyse the results of the interviews several theories where used, such as motivation, salutogenic leadership, strategies of coping and role theory. For the interviews, thematic analysis was used. The study showed that the informers felt dissatisfied with several aspects of their work. One of the aspects that resulted from the interviews was that the demand to be available at all times, was too much for them. Some additional aspects to why they quit was the high workload, the lack of appreciation and dissatisfaction with the leadership. The informers would gladly have stayed as social workers since they considered it to be meaningful, but the other aspects weighed more heavily compared to meaningfulness which caused them to leave. One suggestion that was brought up to get the informers to stay was to create a so-called contact centre in the reception area where smaller errands could be handled directly with the client. This would have given more time for the social workers with their own clients and more energy for the more heavy cases.

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  • 21.
    Duell, Natasha
    et al.
    Temple University, Department of Psychology, PA, United States .
    Steinberg, Laurence
    Temple University, Department of Psychology, PA, United States .
    Chein, Jason
    Temple University, Department of Psychology, PA, United States .
    Al-Hassan, Suha M.
    Hashemite University, Queen Rania Faculty for Childhood, HJordan .
    Bacchini, Dario
    Second University of Naples, Department of Psychology, Italy .
    Lei, Chang
    University of Macau, Department of Psychology, Macau .
    Chaudhary, Nandita
    University of Dheli, Department of Human Development and Childhood Studies, Lady Irwin College, India .
    Di Giunta, Laura
    La Sapienza University of Rome, Interuniversity Centre for Research in the Genesis and Development of Prosocial and Antisocial Motivations, Rome, Italy.
    Dodge, Kenneth .A
    Duke University, Center for Child and Family Policy, NC, United States .
    Fanti, Kostas A.
    University of Cyprus, Department of Psychology,Cyprus .
    Lansford, Jennifer E.
    Duke University, Center for Child and Family Policy, NC, United States .
    Malone, Patrick S.
    Duke University, Center for Child and Family Policy, NC, United States .
    Oburu, Paul
    Maseno University, Department of Educational Psychology, Kenya .
    Pastorelli, Concetta
    Università di Roma, Department of Psychology, Italy .
    Skinner, AnnT.
    Duke University, Center for Child and Family Policy, NC, United States .
    Sorbring, Emma
    University West, Department of Social and Behavioural Studies, Psychology and organization studies.
    Tapanya, Somabt
    Chiang Mai University, Department of Psychiatry, Thailand .
    Tirado, Liliana Maria Uribe
    Universidad San Buenaventura, Consultorio Psicológico Popular, France .
    Alampay, Liane Peña
    Ateneo de Manila University, Department of Psychology, Philippines .
    Interaction of reward seeking and self-regulation in the prediction of risk taking: A cross-national test of the dual systems model2016In: Developmental Psychology, ISSN 0012-1649, E-ISSN 1939-0599, Vol. 52, no 10, p. 1593-1605Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    In the present analysis, we test the dual systems model of adolescent risk taking in a cross-national sample of over 5,200 individuals aged 10 through 30 (M = 17.05 years, SD = 5.91) from 11 countries. We examine whether reward seeking and self-regulation make independent, additive, or interactive contributions to risk taking, and ask whether these relations differ as a function of age and culture. To compare across cultures, we conduct 2 sets of analyses: 1 comparing individuals from Asian and Western countries, and 1 comparing individuals from low- and high-GDP countries. Results indicate that reward seeking and self-regulation have largely independent associations with risk taking and that the influences of each variable on risk taking are not unique to adolescence, but that their link to risk taking varies across cultures. © 2016 American Psychological Association.

  • 22.
    Dåderman, Anna Maria
    University West, Department of Social and Behavioural Studies, Psychology and organization studies.
    Developing courses in quantitative methods for undergraduate psychology students: teaching facilitated by experimental exercises with work-related elements2016In: ViLär 2016, konferens 8-9 december 2016, Vänersborg / [ed] Kristina Johansson, Trollhättan: Högskolan Väst , 2016, p. 3-4Conference paper (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    University teachers need to develop and implement effective teaching methods when educating students who come to the university through “broadened recruitment”, that is, students with parents without higher education, and also older students who want to supplement their previous university education. These groups have, at least theoretically, more practical experiences and possible poorer study outcomes.

     

    University West tops the list of Swedish universities in the percentage of students with parents without higher education. In addition, during recent years, unemployment in the region around University West increased (by about 75%). This fact leads to a higher percentage of older students with work-related experience. These rapid changes have put us who teach methods and statistics before the question of how to teach more effectively, so that a high “throughput” can be maintained in combination with a constantly decreasing number of teaching hours. Broadening participation and high throughput: how can we make it happen?

     

    This study was an attempt to implement “learning by doing”, an activity-based teaching method where theory, practice, reflection and action are combined. In their learning of experimental methods and statistics, students at University West were expected to integrate their past and present working skills in an experiment that simulated two work-related situations (applying for employment as a manager, and applying for leave of absence from prison). In a three-group experiment, an attempt was made to manipulate the applicant’s degree of empathy, which was then measured with the IRI scale. Collected data were used in statistics education, and results were discussed with students. In subsequent knowledge tests, the proportion of the grade “fail” was low. Course evaluations reflected a high degree of student satisfaction.

     

    Therefore, the use of “learning by doing” in the teaching of statistics, which is normally considered to be difficult to understand and apply, is recommended in order to increase motivation to learn statistics.

  • 23.
    Dåderman, Anna Maria
    University West, Department of Social and Behavioural Studies, Psychology and organization studies.
    Fallet Thomas Quick: ”Bortträngda” minnen och hans diagnoser2016In: Diagnoser / [ed] Kurt Almqvist, Stockholm: Axel och Margaret Ax:son Johnsons Stiftelse , 2016, 1. ed., p. 55-64Chapter in book (Other academic)
  • 24.
    Dåderman, Anna Maria
    University West, Department of Social and Behavioural Studies, Psychology and organization studies.
    Hur kan ett arbetsintegrerat lärande (AIL) synliggöras inom ämnet psykologi?2016In: ViLär 2016, konferens 8-9 december 2016, Vänersborg / [ed] Kristina Johansson, Trollhättan, 2016, p. 1-2Conference paper (Other academic)
    Abstract [sv]

    Syfte med denna presentation är att tydliggöra hur vi inom ämnet psykologi synliggör AIL, genom att beskriva resultaten från genomförda studier inom ett samverkansprojekt med aktörer från arbetslivet och akademin. Resultat från detta projekt ledde till ett nyligen avslutat verifieringsprojekt, finansierat av Innovations Kontor Väst, Chalmers. Båda projekten kommer att presenteras. Exempel ges på hur dessa psykologiska forskningsprojekt kunnat bidra till implementeringen av AIL i psykologiundervisning.

    Syfte med projektet ”Studier om en ny svensk ledarskapsmodell som bygger på teorin om ledarintelligens” var att utveckla en praktiskt tillämpbar ledarskapsmodell som bygger på Ronthys teori (2006, 2013) om ledarskapets intelligens. Detta gjordes genom att validera teorin bland chefer och ledare i ett samarbete mellan forskare inom akademin och externa aktörer (organisationer och företag). Teorin är sprungen ur Ronthys erfarenheter av att undervisa och att handleda omkring 4 000 chefer i utvecklingssamtal.

    Ett flertal examensarbeten har skrivits inom projektet, och några har resulterat i konferenspresentationer och i vetenskapliga publikationer. Genom sitt deltagande i projektet får våra studenter kontakter med ansvariga i kommuner, företag och organisationer, och ökar därigenom sina möjligheter att bli anställda. De får även bättre förståelse av arbetslivets villkor och kan på ett djupare sätt diskutera sina resultat, och får därmed bättre studieresultat. Genom examensarbeten bedrivs en reflexionsdrivande undervisning, där studenter lär sig vad det kan innebära att vara chef eller ledare i ett arbetsliv som är i förändring. Allt detta kräver eftertanke: ”Vem är jag?”, ”Vad vill jag jobba med?”. Studenterna får även en närmare relation till yrken och verksamheter utanför akademin, samt utvecklar sin yrkeskompetens genom att reflektera kring användningen av testmetodik.

    Slutsatsen är att AIL kan synliggöras i såväl psykologisk forskning som undervisning på samma sätt som AIL synliggörs i andra ämnen, exempelvis pedagogik eller informatik.

  • 25.
    Dåderman, Anna Maria
    et al.
    University West, Department of Social and Behavioural Studies, Psychology and organization studies.
    Basinska, Beata A.
    Gdansk University of Technology, Faculty of Management and Economics, Poland.
    Job Demands, Engagement, and Turnover Intentions in Polish Nurses: The Role of Work-Family Interface2016In: Frontiers in Psychology, E-ISSN 1664-1078, Vol. 7, article id 1621Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Poland has lower ratios of employed registered nurses per 1,000 inhabitants than the EU average. Polish nurses work under miserable conditions without assisting personnel, and they reconcile their professional demands with responsibilities for their families; 96% of them are women.

    Rationale/Aims: This study uses Hobfoll’s conservation of resources (CORs) theory to explain the role of various resources in the improvement of work conditions in the nursing profession. Work-family conflict (WFC) and family work conflict (FWC) threaten to deplete nurses’ resources. This paper set out to (1) examine the extent to which perceived job demands (workload and interpersonal conflicts at work) and engagement (vigor, dedication, and absorption) are associated with turnover intentions (the intention to leave the present workplace and the intention to leave the nursing profession); (2) attempt to determine whether levels of WFC and FWC moderate these associations.

    Design/Method: This study comprised 188 female registered nurses. The inclusion criterion was to live with a partner and/or have children.

    Results: WFC was moderately related to FWC. Hierarchical regression analyses showed that only high job demands and low vigor were significantly associated with turnover intentions. WFC was experienced more intensively than FWC. Job demands, vigor, dedication, and turnover intentions had a strong effect on WFC, while absorption had a strong effect on FWC. However, levels of WFC and FWC did not significantly moderate these associations.

    Originality/Conclusion: The study produces new knowledge by examining a constellation of job demands, work engagement and WFC, which reflect the management of personal resources. Results from such a constellation in nurses from countries with a post-transformational economic system have not previously been discussed in the light of COR theory. Most importantly, we conclude that WFC does not intensify turnover intentions.

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  • 26.
    Dåderman, Anna Maria
    et al.
    University West, Department of Social and Behavioural Studies, Psychology and organization studies. University West, Department of Social and Behavioural Studies, Division of Psychology, Pedagogy and Sociology.
    Ragnestål Impola, Carina
    Basinska, Beata A.
    Gdansk University of Technology, Faculty of Management and Economics, Poland.
    Some Bright And Dark Sides Of Personality May Be Adaptive For Well-Being In Face Of Workplace Bullying2017In: Enabling Change Through Work and Organizational Psychology : Opportunities and Challenges for Research and Practice, Dublin, Irland, 2017, article id Th-OR-S36-2Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Purpose Targets of workplace bullying tend to have poor health, and we set out to determine whether personality may predict their health quality. 

    Design/Methodology We collected data from 172 people (98 women); social workers, engineers and restaurant employees. To measure health, we used parts of EQ-5D (usual activities, pain/discomfort and anxiety/depression), and EQ VAS, a visual analogue scale. Bright (Big-Six) and dark (Machiavellianism, subclinical psychopathy, and narcissism) personality traits were measured by MiniIPIP6 and Short-D3. NAQ-R was used to determine who feel bullied. The relationships of the traits and bullying with health (outcome) were analyzed using 3-step hierarchical linear regressions, controlling for gender, age and social desirability.

    Results In face of workplace bullying low extraversion, humility-sincerity and low narcissism significantly predicted poor health related to both discomfort and usual activities. Separate regression models regarding both bright and dark sides of personality predicting depression/anxiety became non-significant when NAQ-R was entered.

    Limitations Cross-sectional design and Swedish population.

    Research/Practical Implications These results imply that high extraversion and narcissism may protect aspects of health important for working life in face of workplace bullying, while low levels of these traits make a target’s health more sensitive. 

    Originality/Value The study is the first to analyze different dimensions of health quality with predictors of both bright and dark personality in face of workplace bullying, discussing the results in the light of Hobfoll’s COR theory and evolution theory. 

  • 27.
    Edvinsson, Stina
    et al.
    University West, Department of Social and Behavioural Studies, Psychology and organization studies.
    Johansson, Caroline
    University West, Department of Social and Behavioural Studies, Psychology and organization studies.
    Personlighet och arbetstillfredsställelse: en studie om i vilken utsträckning personlighet kan predicera inre, yttre samt generell arbetstillfredsställelse hos lärare2016Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Personality and job satisfaction are two well known terms in research in psychology. Personality is the basic characteristics of people, being relatively stable over time and often reflected in how to react and act on the things in daily life (Furnham, 2011). Job satisfaction is, according to Spector (1997), how individuals feel about their job, how much they like or dislike their work. Based on Herzberg´s two-factor theory (Kaufmann & Kaufmann, 2010) job satisfaction in this study is divided into intrinsic, extrinsic and general job satisfaction. The study's purpose was to examine whether the personality traits neuroticism, extraversion, openness, agreeableness and conscientiousness could predict intrinsic, extrinsic and general job satisfaction. The study had a quantitative approach and was conducted using a questionnaire consisting of the Big Five Inventory and Minnesota Satisfaction Questionnare. The 54 respondents in this study were teachers in primary, secondary and adult school. The average age was 44 years (SD = 12.6), 70% women and 30% men. Data were analyzed by three multiple regression analyzes which showed that personality accounted for 4-8% of the variance in the three factors of job satisfaction. Neuroticism was the only one of the five personality dimensions that showed a significant correlation with job satisfaction. The correlation was negative, which meant that those who were higher on the neuroticism scale tended to be lower in intrinsic and general job satisfaction. This is substantially in line with previous research on the subject. One conclusion of the study is that the intrinsic, extrinsic and general job satisfaction to the greatest extent is influenced by other factors.

  • 28.
    Eklund, Jimmie
    et al.
    University West, Department of Social and Behavioural Studies, Psychology and organization studies.
    Hultman, Niclas
    University West, Department of Social and Behavioural Studies, Psychology and organization studies.
    Short Dark Triad: En begreppsvalidering av svensk översättning med femfaktormodellens IPIP-120 och Swedish universities Scales of Personality2015Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Dark triad is a group of three dark personality scales consisting of subclinical psychopathy, subclinical narcissism and Machiavellianism (Paulhus & Williams. 2002). The Short Dark Triad (SD3), is the measuring tool and was developed by Jones and Paulhus (2013). The purpose of this thesis was to validate a Swedish translation of the SD3. This was done within an existing research project and included 103 respondents, aged 19-64 years, all being employed. They were assigned to respond to nine different surveys, three of them measuring psychopathy, narcissism and Machiavellianism-related scales. Convergent validation was done by correlation analysis with IPIP-120, measuring the personality of five factor model and Swedish universities Scales of Personality (SSP), measuring personality traits based on biological markers, and how well they measure the SD3.

    Our results generally confirm earlier research on studies between five factor models personality scales and SD3 (Furnham, Richards, Rangel, & Jones, 2014). One result of particular importance was the negative correlation with the Agreeableness Scale since it is a core for the dark triad personalities. Furthermore, our results followed the expected patterns in the correlations between dark triad personalities and the five factor model. The result of our thesis concludes that the Swedish translation of thPSKe SD3 test is to be considered valid.

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  • 29.
    Eklund, Linda
    et al.
    University West, Department of Social and Behavioural Studies, Psychology and organization studies.
    Nilsson, Helena
    University West, Department of Social and Behavioural Studies, Psychology and organization studies.
    Konflikt mellan arbete och privatliv: En studie om samverkande faktorer2017Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Social structures are changing and the boundary between work and personal life is becoming more blurred as a result of gender development, constant reachability through technology and changing family constellations which can create conflict between work and private life. The study's purpose was to examine the conflict between work and private life, and how factors such as social support in private life, gender, place of work, number of close friends and relatives, age, number of years in the workplace and civil status interacts with conflict. The survey was conducted at three workplaces, had 45 participants, with an average age of 45.38 years, of which 13.3% men and 86.7% women. Surveys were MOS Social Support Survey and the Work-Family Conflict Scale and analyzed by multiple linear regression, independent t-test and independent one-way ANOVA. The study showed that the number of years of work interacted positively with conflict between work and private life, which is also part of the previous research has shown. Other factors examined in the study showed no statistical significance, which was partly in line with previous research. One conclusion is that gender, civil status, and children living at home are not colluded in the perceived conflict between work and private life and we discuss whether it can be attributed to cultural factors and modern gender roles. The perception of social support in the private life not interacted with the conflict between work and private life, which is in contrast to some previous research.

  • 30.
    Ekman, Anna-Maria
    University West, Department of Social and Behavioural Studies, Psychology and organization studies.
    Att leda inom Äldreomsorgen: Enhetschefers upplevelser om handlingsutrymme i ledarskapet inom den kommunala sektorn2016Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    The main objective of this study is to investigate the unit managers experiences of leadership in the municipal elderly care. Previous research indicates that the requirements and expectations of the elderly care managers has increased in recent years. Not least because of the New Public Management which is a form of control which was introduced in the 90:eis and that aimed to make the public sector more business-like.

    In this study I interviewed five unit managers in elderly care, and seek in these interviews an understanding of what this situation means for them and how they themselves describe their mission and their perceived discretion. I also wanted to examine how they handle directives from the head of units when they are not in tune with the goals of the organization. The result shows that unit managers describe their mission as fisted economic policies and that they end up in a pinched middle position between two governing ideals that lead to difficulties where they should direct their loyalty in the organization.

  • 31.
    El Amrani Enghult, Victoria
    University West, Department of Social and Behavioural Studies, Psychology and organization studies.
    Stress och arbetsmotivation: En kvantitativ studie om samband mellan upplevd stress och motivation på arbetet2016Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    The purpose of this study was to examine if there is any correlation between per-ceived stress and motivation at work. The purpose was also to examine if the de-mograpich questions could be of interest according to the results of the study. The study was based on a quantitative approach and used a questionnaire that was devided in two parts. One that measured perceived stress and the other that meas-ured working motivation. The questionnaires that were being used were PSS- Per-ceived Stress Scale and BPNS- Basic Psychological Needs at Work Scale. The study included 78 respondents, all working at five different companies. The study was based on the P-E fit- theory, Karasek´s demand- and control model and Self Determination Theory. The results of this study showed that there is a significant correlation between percevied stress and motivation at work.

  • 32.
    Elfstrand Corlin, Tinna
    et al.
    School of Health and Education, University of Skövde, Skövde, Sweden.
    Kajonius, Petri
    University West, Department of Social and Behavioural Studies, Psychology and organization studies. School of Health and Education, University of Skövde, Skövde, Sweden.
    Kazemi, Ali
    School of Health and Education, University of Skövde, Skövde, Sweden.
    The impact of personality on person-centred care: a study of care staff in Swedish nursing homes2017In: International Journal of Older People Nursing, ISSN 1748-3735, E-ISSN 1748-3743, Vol. 12, no 2, article id e12132Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Aim and objective

    In this study, we explore how personal and situational factors relate to the provision of person-centred care (PCC) in nursing homes. Specifically, we focus on the relationship between the care staff's personality traits and provision of PCC and to what extent perceptions of the working environment influences this relationship.

    Background

    The ultimate goal of elderly care is to meet the older person's needs and individual preferences (PCC). Interpersonal aspects of care and the quality of relationship between the care staff and the older person are therefore central in PCC.

    Design and methods

    A cross-sectional Swedish sample of elderly care staff (= 322) completed an electronic survey including measures of personality (Mini-IPIP) and person-centred care (Individualized Care Inventory, ICI). A principal component analysis was conducted on the ICI-data to separate the user orientation (process quality) of PCC from the preconditions (structure quality) of PCC.

    Results

    Among the five factors of personality, neuroticism was the strongest predictor of ICI user orientation. ICI preconditions significantly mediated this relationship, indicating the importance of a supportive working environment. In addition, stress was introduced as a potential explanation and was shown to mediate the impact of neuroticism on ICI preconditions.

    Conclusions

    Personality traits have a significant impact on user orientation, and the perception of a supportive and stress free working environment is an important prerequisite for achieving high-quality person-centred elderly care.

    Implications for practice

    Understanding how personality is linked to the way care staff interacts with the older person adds a new perspective on provision of person-centred elderly care.

  • 33.
    Eriksson, T. Gerhard
    et al.
    Kristianstad University, School of Education and Environment, SE-291 88 Kristianstad, Sweden.
    Masche-No, Johanna G.
    Kristianstad University, Department of Psychology, Building 14, SE-291 88 Kristianstad, Sweden.
    Dåderman, Anna Maria
    University West, Department of Social and Behavioural Studies, Psychology and organization studies.
    Personality traits of prisoners as compared to general populations: Signs of adjustment to the situation?2017In: Personality and Individual Differences, ISSN 0191-8869, E-ISSN 1873-3549, Vol. 107, p. 237-245Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Two recent studies have challenged the well-established belief that offending behaviors are inversely related to the personality trait of conscientiousness. Therefore, the aim of this study was to explore prisoners’ levels of traits according to the Five-Factor Model (FFM) of personality compared to control groups, with a focus on conscientiousness. Two separate samples of inmates in Swedish high-security prisons were investigated in three studies. Inmates and non-inmates completed a Swedish-language translation of Goldberg’s (1999) International Personality Item Pool questionnaire (IPIP-NEO, Bäckström, 2007). Male inmates (n = 46) in Studies 1 and 2 scored higher on conscientiousness than non-inmates (norm data based on approximately 800 males, and a students’ sample), which conflicts with previous results. Study 3 further explored the conscientiousness differences on the facet level. Male and female inmates (n = 131) scored higher on order and self-discipline (even after an adjustment for social desirability) than students (n = 136). In conjunction with previous findings, these differences are interpreted as being either temporal or enduring adjustments to the prison environment. It is suggested that researchers and clinical teams should cautiously interpret the FFM factor of conscientiousness (and its facets) when planning the further treatment of inmates.

  • 34.
    Erlandsson, Soly
    et al.
    University West, Department of Social and Behavioural Studies, Division of Psychology and Organisation Studies. University West, Department of Social and Behavioural Studies, Division of Psychology, Pedagogy and Sociology.
    Lundin, Linda
    University West, Department of Social and Behavioural Studies, Psychology and organization studies.
    Punzi, Elisabeth
    Gothenburg University, Department of Psychology, Gothenburg, Sweden..
    A discursive analysis concerning information on "ADHD" presented to parents by the National Institute of Mental Health (USA).2016In: International Journal of Qualitative Studies on Health and Well-being, ISSN 1748-2623, E-ISSN 1748-2631, Vol. 11, article id 30938Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    A discourse analysis was performed based on an online document under the headline: "What is Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD, ADD)?" published by the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH), USA. Three parts of the document were analysed: (1) The introductory part, as this sets the tone of the whole text. (2) Parts of the text that were specifically addressed to parents. (3) Etiology and pathology of "ADHD" with reference to a number of different symptoms and behaviors. Inattention and hyperactivity are presented in the document as a floating spectrum of symptoms caused by "ADHD." Other factors of importance for children's development, that is, early attachment, close relationships, previous experiences, culture, and contexts are ignored. Children who are perceived as inattentive and hyperactive are portrayed as having inherent difficulties with no reference to their emotions or efforts to communicate. The child is viewed as suffering from a lifelong disorder that might not be cured but controlled by a diagnosis and subsequent medication. Parents are advised to control their child's behavior and to strive for early diagnosis in order to receive treatment provided by experts. Those who are presented as experts rely on a biomedical model, and in the document, detailed descriptions of medication to correct the undesired behaviors are provided. The value of judgment in the assessment of different symptoms and behaviors that signifies "ADHD" is absent, rather taken-for-granted beliefs were identified throughout the document. A heterogeneous set of behaviors is solely described as a disorder and hereafter it is stressed that the same behaviors are caused by the disorder. In this manner, cause and effects of "ADHD" are intertwined through circular argumentation.

  • 35.
    Fagerberg, Elin
    et al.
    University West, Department of Social and Behavioural Studies, Psychology and organization studies.
    Jevås, Jennie
    University West, Department of Social and Behavioural Studies, Psychology and organization studies.
    Samverkan mellan KASAM, personlighet och stress2016Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Stress in the workplace is increasing in today's society, consequently, the workload and demands in health care will be greater. The study's purpose was to investigate whether there was a relationship between the SOC (sense of coherence), stress, personality variables (neuroticism, extraversion, conscientiousness, openness, agreeableness), and age. Even comparative analyzes were conducted with the purpose to investigate whether there are differences between groups. Analyses have been done to investigate if SOC and stress can be predicted. A survey was carried out on the children's section at a hospital in Sweden. There were 44 respondents who participated in the study, all women. Mean age was 48 years. Analyses were performed by correlations, regressions, t-test and ANOVA. The results of the study showed mainly a strong negative correlation between SOC and stress, which is consistent with previous research. The results also showed that SOC has a positive correlation with age among women, which differs from previous research where the correlation has previously only been seen among men. The study also demonstrated that age and stress had a significant negative correlation. The personality trait neuroticism had a negative correlation with SOC and was positively correlated with perceived stress. Conscientiousness showed a negative correlation with stress and a positive correlation with SOC. The study also showed that stress and neuroticism to 62% could predict SOC. The result showed that there was a significant difference in the degree of perceived stress among those who had worked 0-5 years, compared with those who had worked 6-20 years, as well as those who had worked 21 or more in the workplace.

  • 36.
    Fihn, Belinda
    et al.
    University West, Department of Social and Behavioural Studies, Psychology and organization studies.
    Jumark, Linnéa
    University West, Department of Social and Behavioural Studies, Psychology and organization studies.
    "De bästa marknadsförarna är ju våra medarbetare": En kvalitativ studie av medarbetares syn på en organisations interna varumärkesarbete2016Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    The aim of the thesis was that by using employees' voices study how they view the organization's own internal work with the organization's brand (that is, internal branding). Previous studies that examined internal branding work have not demonstrated methods of how employees can be involved in branding. Our research questions were about how employees feel about the organization's brand, how the view of the internal work differs between managers and employees and how employees themselves would like to design the internal branding work. The result builds on 12 qualitative interviews with eight employees and four managers for the brand work. Data were analyzed through thematic analysis. The results show that employees have ideas about how the organization's internal branding could be designed in the future. The result is in line with previous research but contributes to involves employees by asking about how they would like to design the internal work. The conclusion that can be drawn is that organizations can involve employees in the work by asking them to contribute with their experience of the brand and how they would like the organization to work in the future.

  • 37.
    Foss, Fredrik
    et al.
    University West, Department of Social and Behavioural Studies, Psychology and organization studies.
    Kendic, Dalila
    University West, Department of Social and Behavioural Studies, Psychology and organization studies.
    Personlighet, attityd och robotar: en uppsats om personlighet, nationalitet och tidigare erfarenhet av robotar och dess samverkan med attityder till robotar2016Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    This is an essay about how personality, experience and cultural differences can correlate with attitude toward robots. Because of the increasing implementation of robots in many areas of society today, workplaces in particular, humans will in the future have a greater amount of contact with robots in everyday life. The study has tried to investigate what it is that correlates with these attitudes. To try to find an answer to the question, it has been studied from different perspectives, by looking at both internal as well as external factors. Internal factors being individual differences such as personality type and previous experience or familiarity with robots, and external factors being cultural differences. Personality-type was determined with and a MINI- International Personality Item Pool test, MINI-IPIP. The personality dimensions that were measured were extraversion and neuroticism. Attitude toward robots was measured with Negative attitudes toward Robots scale. Results from the questionnaires were later used to compare answers and analyze possible correlations and differences. A total of 47 students from different universities participated in the study, 24 males and 23 females, from which 21 had previous experience of robots. Collected data was analyzed with a standard linear multiple regression and independent t-test. Results showed a statistically significant difference between students with previous experience of robots and those without, and there were cultural differences. In contrast to previous similar studies conducted on the subject, the results of this study found that personality could not predict attitudes toward robots.

  • 38.
    Frändegård, Mikaela
    et al.
    University West, Department of Social and Behavioural Studies, Psychology and organization studies.
    Vestgård, Selvi
    University West, Department of Social and Behavioural Studies, Psychology and organization studies.
    Arbetsrelaterad stress: En kvantitativ studie om stress, egenförmåga, socialt stöd och konflikten mellan arbete och privatliv2017Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Swedish Work Environment Authority’s report from 2014 shows how there’s an elevated share of people with work related ill health (Arbetsmiljöverket, 2014). The purpose of this study was to investigate how working group therapy assistants experience stress, self-efficacy, social support, conflict between work and personal life. To complement previous research in the field, we performed a quantitative survey. 49 individuals participated, where in 15 women and 34 men. Average age was 41.41 (SD=10.07). Established questionnaires were used to measure stress, self-efficacy, social support and conflict between work and personal life. The data was analyzed by using regression analysis, correlation analysis, independent one-wayANOVA and independent t-test. The most important result was that stress has its strongest connection with self-efficacy and the conflict between private life and work. The results from this study are discussed in relation to previous surveys.

  • 39.
    Gagnero, Sanna
    University West, Department of Social and Behavioural Studies, Psychology and organization studies.
    Stress, egenförmåga, socialt stöd och syskonsplacering hos studenter: en kvantiativ studie2015Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Stress-related disorders are increasing among adolescents and the majority of students experience stress several days a week. Previous research has shown that there is a link between stress and self-efficacy, between self-efficacy and social support and between stress and social support. Research has also shown that birth order has a link to self-efficacy. The purpose of this study was to investigate these relationships further. The questions for the study was (a) Is there a connection between stress, self-efficacy and social support? (b) Can social support and self-efficacy predict stress among students? (c) Is there a difference between students depending on birth order when it comes to stress, self-efficacy and social support?

    The participants were 41 students, 37 women and 4 men (M = 25.88, SD = 5.6). Established questionnaires were used to measure stress, self-efficacy and social support, with Cronbachs alpha of .80, .89 and .85. The data was analyzed by using correlation analysis, multiple regression analysis and independent one-way ANOVA.

    The results showed that (a) stress had a positive, medium strong correlation with self-efficacy (r = .55, p <.01), and (b) self-efficacy had a positive, medium strong correlation with social support (r = .37, p <.05) and that (c) there was no correlation between stress and social support. Self-efficacy predicted stress (R = .52, p <.01). No differences were found regarding sibling position was correlated with stress, self-efficacy and social support. The results were partially in line with previous research, however, an unexpected result were regarding the absence of correlation between stress and social support. The results are discussed on the basis of possible cultural differences.

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  • 40.
    Grankvist, Gunne
    University West, Department of Social and Behavioural Studies, Psychology and organization studies.
    Beliefs in dualism and personal values2015Conference paper (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    Dualists view mind and body as two fundamentally different kinds of “things”. Mind and the physical body are viewed as equally real and neither of them is, in a primal way, thought to be dependent on the other. Cartesian or “substance” dualism include the idea that mind and body belong to two different substances, the non-physical and the physical. These two substances are furthermore thought to influence each other causally. Physicalism, on the other hand, is the notion that everything is physical or totally dependent of and determined by physical items. In this view everything in the world is composed by the same kind of substance, which is physical or material. All mental states are hence fundamentally physical states. In the current study Swedish university students views on the mind-body relationship as well as the importance they attached to different personal values were measured using a self-report inventory. Students that attached more importance to the power value; that is to strive for social status and prestige, and control or dominance over people and resources, were found to hold stronger non-dualistic or physicalistic views on the mind-body relationship. If similar results in future studies of professional philosophers should be found it would challenge the idea that philosophical arguments and opinions is something “above” or “are unaffected by” psychological factors such as personal values.

  • 41.
    Grankvist, Gunne
    University West, Department of Social and Behavioural Studies, Psychology and organization studies.
    Examensarbete på personalvetarprogrammet: en modell att bygga vidare på2016In: ViLär 2016, konferens 8-9 december 2016, Vänersborg / [ed] Kristina Johansson, 2016Conference paper (Other academic)
  • 42.
    Grankvist, Gunne
    et al.
    University West, Department of Social and Behavioural Studies, Psychology and organization studies.
    Kajonius, Petri
    University West, Department of Social and Behavioural Studies, Psychology and organization studies.
    Persson, Björn
    Department of Cognitive Neuroscience and Philosophy, University of Skövde, Sweden.
    The Relationship between Mind-Body Dualism and Personal Values2016In: International Journal of Psychological Studies, ISSN 1918-7211, E-ISSN 1918-722X, Vol. 8, no 2, p. 126-132Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Dualists view the mind and the body as two fundamental different “things”, equally real and independent of each other. Cartesian thought, or substance dualism, maintains that the mind and body are two different substances, the non-physical and the physical, and a causal relationship is assumed to exist between them. Physicalism, on the other hand, is the idea that everything that exists is either physical or totally dependent of and determined by physical items. Hence, all mental states are fundamentally physical states. In the current study we investigated to what degree Swedish university students’ beliefs in mind-body dualism is explained by the importance they attach to personal values. A self-report inventory was used to measure their beliefs and values. Students who held stronger dualistic beliefs attach less importance to the power value (i.e., the effort to achieve social status, prestige, and control or dominance over people and resources). This finding shows that the strength in laypeople’s beliefs in dualism is partially explained by the importance they attach to personal values.

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  • 43.
    Grankvist, Gunne
    et al.
    University West, Department of Social and Behavioural Studies, Psychology and organization studies.
    Löfvendahl, Eva
    University West, Department of Social and Behavioural Studies, Psychology and organization studies.
    Arbetsintegrerat lärande (AIL) som en ekvation2016In: ViLär 2016, konferens 8-9 december 2016, Vänersborg / [ed] Kristina Johansson, 2016Conference paper (Other academic)
  • 44.
    Granlund, Mathilda
    et al.
    University West, Department of Social and Behavioural Studies, Psychology and organization studies.
    Strömberg, Hanna
    University West, Department of Social and Behavioural Studies, Psychology and organization studies.
    Den stressade mellanchefen: livet mellan arbetskrav från över- och underordnade2016Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Previous research has shown that middle managers believe that their work-related stress is connected to the demands from both superiors and subordinates (Skagert, Dellve, Eklöf, Heather, Pousette & Ahlborg, 2004). The aim of the present study was to in a public organization investigate whether the middle managers perceived job demands from superiors and subordinates are related to their perceived work-related stress level. The following research question was formulated: To what extent can the perceived job demands from superiors, subordinates, age and number of years as middle manager predict levels of perceived work-related stress. Participants in the study consisted of 63 middle managers (52 women and 11 men). The results showed that perceived job demands from subordinates were the only independent variable that statistically significantly predicted perceived work-related stress. Number of years as middle manager had a negative statistically significant correlation with perceived work-related stress. These results were partially in line with the presented theory and previous research.

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  • 45.
    Grgic, Julia
    et al.
    University West, Department of Social and Behavioural Studies, Psychology and organization studies.
    Korneliusson, Linnéa
    University West, Department of Social and Behavioural Studies, Psychology and organization studies.
    Medarbetarupplevelser och reaktioner vid en omorganisering: en kvalitativ studie inom en kommunal förvaltning2016Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Organizational change can be crucial if an operation is to be successful in meeting new demands. The process of change is complex and time consuming. There is a risk that this leads to some workers experiencing symptoms of illness. Research on organizational change is extensive, but studies investigating the sense of coherence are rarer. The aim with the present study was to contribute to filling this knowledge gap. To answer the purpose of the study, the authors had designed interview questions from Aaron Antonovsky's theory of sense of coherence. The following questions were used to answer the goal with the study purpose; a) Was the change process understandable for the employees? b) Did the employees experience the change as manageable based on their individual abilities? c) Did the employees find meaningfulness before, during and after the change? Semi-structured interviews with eight employees in a municipal organisation were conducted focusing on their experiences and reactions regarding the change. The results of the thematic analysis showed five themes: (1) volume, (2) ambiguity and employee health, (3) communication, (4) leadership and support, and (5) participation. The study's result provided an understanding of what sense of coherence means in an organizational change, and how it can be useful knowledge for change leaders. For this reason, the study constituted a psychological contribution for research on work-integrated learning. The study results were that the employees did not experience a healthy working environment during the change. This was because of the size of the change, the lack of supporting relations, lack of communication and unclear roles and responsibilities.

  • 46.
    Gurdal, Sevtap
    et al.
    University West, Department of Social and Behavioural Studies, Psychology and organization studies.
    Sorbring, Emma
    University West, Department of Social and Behavioural Studies, Division of Psychology, Pedagogy and Sociology.
    Swedish Children's Beliefs about Agency in Family, School and Peer Situations2016Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The aim of this study is to examine children's beliefs with regard to their agency (i.e., to know and predict your own actions and the consequences of them), in different contexts (family, school and peer-situations). Interviews were conducted with 103 ten-year-old Swedish children. Vignettes were presented to the children and their answers were written down for subsequent thematic analysis. Children think of their agency differently depending upon which context they find themselves in. The contexts where children believe most in their agency are found in situations with peers, and the contexts where they believe least in their agency are experienced with teachers. In situations with parents children think they would react with more resistance than with peers and teachers.

  • 47.
    Gurdal, Sevtap
    et al.
    University West, Department of Social and Behavioural Studies, Psychology and organization studies.
    Sorbring, Emma
    University West, Department of Social and Behavioural Studies, Psychology and organization studies.
    Swedish children’s beliefs about agency in family, school and peer situationsManuscript (preprint) (Other academic)
  • 48.
    Hamdi, Sandra
    et al.
    University West, Department of Social and Behavioural Studies, Psychology and organization studies.
    Markusian, Susan
    University West, Department of Social and Behavioural Studies, Psychology and organization studies.
    Sambandet mellan upplevt organisatoriskt stöd och organisatoriskt engagemang2016Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    This study was conducted to find possible links and differences between the two main variables: organizational commitment and perceived organizational support (POS). The purpose of this study was primarily to examine the relationship between organizational commitment and perceived organizational support and in addition, to investigate if other variables, such as; sex, age, employment status, type of organization and industry, interacts with organizational commitment. 120 individuals participated by answering an online-form through social media sites, Facebook and LinkedIn. The sample consisted of both women (n =84) and men (n =36), with ages ranging from 18 to 62. The measurement "8-item Survey of Perceived Organizational Support" (SPOS8) was used to measure POS. Organizational commitment was measured by using a three-dimensional scale, "Organizational Commitment Scale", that included affective commitment, normative commitment and continuance commitment. The results showed a statistically significant, positive medium-strong correlation between POS and organizational commitment where the dimension "affective commitment" correlated statistically significantly and the strongest with POS. Differences between the groups "forms of employment" (full time, part time and seasonal employees) were also shown to be statistically significant. The results reported in this study were in line with previous presented research. The importance of the results was discussed with reference to previous research. Thoughts regarding future research were presented.

  • 49.
    Hammarbäck, Andreas
    University West, Department of Social and Behavioural Studies, Psychology and organization studies.
    Motivation inom monotona yrken: En kvalitativ undersökning av anställdas upplevelse av motivation2016Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    The purpose of this study was to investigate what motivates individuals working in monotonous occupations, and what they think could be improved so that they experience a higher level of motivation. The study was conducted on a customerservice department in Gothenburg. Six interviews were conducted and the material was analyzed by thematic analysis. The study revealed that all respondents considered it important to feel motivated in their work no matter what role you have in the organization. What the individuals felt motivated them in their work was their personal relationships within the workteam, the possibility for personal development and clear goals to work towards. Affinity was considered strong, which favored cooperation and could be further strengthened through more activities between the workteams. The results showed that all respondents felt that their sense of motivation could be better in their work and have a positive impact on their performance.

  • 50.
    Hammarskär, Lisa
    University West, Department of Social and Behavioural Studies, Psychology and organization studies.
    När döden skiljer oss åt: En fenomenografisk studie om hur professionella uppfattar barns behov av stödinsatser då en förälder avlidit2016Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (One Year)), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Previous research of children with parental loss shows visible tendencies that focus is on remaining parent and that the child easily tends to fall in shadow or becomes forgotten. The study aims to investigate professional´s views and experiences of children´s needs for support when losing a parent. The theoretical views of the study are; the perspective of salutogenic, ”the new sociology of childhood” and the theory of structuration in a constructive perspective. The study was performed with a phenomenographic methodological approach to capture professional´s views and experiences and the material consists of seven semi-structured interviews.

    The result and conclusions shows that professionals proceed from some kind of model in their work and the model then guide the professionals in giving information, support and advice to the child. The child´s needs of support is mainly to find new strategies to deal with everyday life and the creation of identity when losing a parent. Different inputs of supports can help the child to defuse and normalise their expression of emotions in losing a parent. The ambition of the professionals is to listen to the child in order to meet each individual child and his/hers family situation, since children are not an homogenous group, their needs also vary. Most important is that the child doesn´t feel that he/she also is losing the remaining parent´s attendance and caring for him/her, through the parent´s own grieving process.

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