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FeMLA: A QoE-Driven Federated Multi-Link Aggregation Framework for Multi-User Social XR Over Dense Wi-Fi Networks
University West, Department of Engineering Science, Division of computer engineering and computer science. (Datateknik)ORCID iD: 0000-0002-9756-1909
University West, Department of Engineering Science, Division of computer engineering and computer science. (Datateknik)ORCID iD: 0000-0001-9974-7531
School of Computing, Newcastle University (GBR).
2026 (English)In: 2026 IEEE Conference on Virtual Reality and 3D User Interfaces Abstracts and Workshops (VRW), 2026, p. 312-317Conference paper, Published paper (Refereed)
Abstract [en]

Extended reality (XR) technologies are rapidly advancing and becoming an integral part of our day-to-day life. XR technologies enable immersive multi-user applications such as virtual reality, collaborative augmented reality (AR), and shared virtual environments. Such multi-user XR (MuXR) applications place strict demands on local wireless networks, like dense Wi-Fi environments where latency, fairness, and stability directly impact user experience. In this paper, we propose a federated multi-link aggregation (FeMLA) framework for dense multi-link (ML-AP) Wi-Fi networks, designed to optimize quality of experience (QoE) for MuXR traffic under multi-link (multi-band) spectrum configurations. FeMLA exchanges lightweight local learning metrics among interfering neighbors and constructs a max-min global learning reward to explicitly optimize worst-user QoE. We evaluate our proposed framework with varying network densities (interference conditions) and XR traffic loads, using throughput, delay, and worst-user performance as key metrics. Simulation results show that in dense deployments with up to 16 ML-APs, FeMLA reduces mean XR delay to 28 ms, achieving an 86-93% latency reduction compared to fixed, random, and standalone reinforcement learning baselines, while improving mean QoE to 0.85. Moreover, FeMLA elevates the median worst-user QoE from near-zero or moderate levels to 0.81, demonstrating strong fairness and stability under severe interference. These results highlight federated, QoE-driven coordination as a scalable and effective approach for supporting next-generation multi-user Social XR over dense Wi-Fi networks.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
2026. p. 312-317
Keywords [en]
adaptive wireless networking; dense wi-fi networks; federated learning; federated reinforcement learning; microchannelization; multi-link aggregation; multi-user xr; network resource management; quality of experience (qoe)
National Category
Computer Sciences Communication Systems
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:hv:diva-25331DOI: 10.1109/vrw70859.2026.00063Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-105038685380ISBN: 979-8-3195-0529-3 (electronic)ISBN: 979-8-3195-0530-9 (print)OAI: oai:DiVA.org:hv-25331DiVA, id: diva2:2064093
Conference
2026 IEEE Conference on Virtual Reality and 3D User Interfaces Abstracts and Workshops (VRW), Republic of Daegu, Korea, 21-25 March 2026
Available from: 2026-06-01 Created: 2026-06-01 Last updated: 2026-08-08Bibliographically approved

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Ali, RashidAndersson, H. Robert H.

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