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Bluetooth Low Energy Technology-Based Efficient Indoor Positioning Framework for Healthcare
University West, Department of Engineering Science.
University West, Department of Engineering Science.
2025 (English)Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesisAlternative title
Bluetooth-lågenergiteknik-baserad effektiv inomhuspositioneringsram för sjukvård (Swedish)
Abstract [sv]

Denna studie behandlar utvecklingen av ett effektivt Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE)-baserat inomhuspositioneringssystem (IPS) för vårdmiljöer. BLE-fingeravtryck används för att förbättra lokaliseringsnoggrannheten samtidigt som utmaningar med signalbrus till följd av miljöfaktorer hanteras. Systemet implementeras i en simulerad vårdmiljö vid Högskolan Väst, där Raspberry Pi används som BLE-sändare för positionsuppskattning och en annan Raspberry Pi som mottagare.

Forskningen följer en experimentell kvantitativ metod och integrerar signalfiltreringstekniker – medianfilter och Kalmanfilter – för att förbättra positioneringsnoggrannheten. Systemets prestanda utvärderas i två experimentella faser. I den första fasen samlades baslinjeresultat in med verklig RSSI-data utan artificiellt brus. I den andra fasen introducerades artificiellt brus med hjälp av Python-skript som lade till slumpmässigt uniform noise (i intervallet -30 till 30) samt Gaussian noise (med noisenivå 50) för att simulera realistisk signalförsämring. Detta möjliggjorde en djupare analys av filtreringsmetodernas robusthet.

Viktiga prestandamått såsom lokaliseringsfel, systemets tillförlitlighet och skalbarhet analyserades. Resultaten visar att Kalmanfiltrering överträffar både råa och medianfiltrerade data avsevärt, särskilt i brusiga miljöer, vilket bekräftar dess lämplighet för BLE-baserad lokalisering inom vården.

Abstract [en]

This study addresses the development of an efficient Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE)-based Indoor Positioning System (IPS) for healthcare environments. BLE fingerprinting is employed to enhance localization accuracy while addressing signal noise challenges caused by environmental factors. The system is deployed in a simulated healthcare setting at University West, configuring Raspberry Pi as a BLE beacons for position estimation and another Raspberry Pi as the receiver.

The research follows an experimental quantitative approach, integrating signal filtering techniques—median and Kalman filters—to improve positioning accuracy. The system's performance is evaluated across two experimental phases. In the first phase, baseline results were collected using real RSSI data without artificial inter-ference. In the second phase, artificial noise was introduced using Python scripts that added random uniform noise (ranging from -30 to 30) and Gaussian noise (with a noise level of 50) to simulate realistic signal degradation. This allowed for a deeper investigation into the robustness of filtering methods.

Key performance metrics such as localization error, system reliability, and scalability were analyzed. Results indicate that Kalman filtering significantly outperforms both raw and median-filtered data, particularly in noisy environments, confirming its suitability for healthcare-oriented BLE localization.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
2025. , p. 28
Keywords [en]
Accuracy, Internet of Things (IoT), frequency, BLE beacon, tracking, navigation, IPS, Access points (AP)
National Category
Signal Processing
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:hv:diva-24150Local ID: EHD500OAI: oai:DiVA.org:hv-24150DiVA, id: diva2:1994507
Subject / course
Computer science
Educational program
Datateknik - högskoleingenjör
Supervisors
Examiners
Available from: 2025-09-08 Created: 2025-09-03 Last updated: 2025-09-30Bibliographically approved

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