Despite widespread digitalization in healthcare, resident scheduling remains a largely manual process in many hospitals, often relying on outdated tools such as Excel. This qualitative study investigates the digital transformation of resident scheduling across three hospitals in Region Västra Götaland, Sweden.

Using Sociotechnical Systems Theory and the Theory for Design and Action as guiding frameworks, the research explores how digital scheduling tools can improve efficiency, workflow coordination, and staff satisfaction while also examining the barriers to successful implementation. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews and guided observations involving both administrators and medical residents.

Thematic analysis revealed five key themes: reliance on manual and semi-digital practices, challenges with existing systems, desired features of digital tools, implementation concerns, and the broader impact on workflow and fairness.

Findings suggest strong stakeholder interest in digital solutions that offer automation, transparency, and adaptability but also highlight the need for user-centered design, staff training, and change management. This study offers practical insights for healthcare institutions navigating the shift from manual to digital scheduling, emphasizing the importance of aligning technical innovation with human and organizational factors.