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Towards Urban Digital Twins: A Workflow for Procedural Visualization Using Geospatial Data
Department of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg (SWE).
Department of Mathematical Sciences, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg (SWE); Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Aristotle University, 541 24 Thessaloniki (GRC)).
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Aristotle University, 541 24 Thessaloniki (GRC)).
University West, School of Business, Economics and IT, Divison of Informatics.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-3541-2019
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2024 (English)In: Remote Sensing, E-ISSN 2072-4292, Vol. 16, no 11Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

A key feature for urban digital twins (DTs) is an automatically generated detailed 3D representation of the built and unbuilt environment from aerial imagery, footprints, LiDAR, or a fusion of these. Such 3D models have applications in architecture, civil engineering, urban planning, construction, real estate, Geographical Information Systems (GIS), and many other areas. While the visualization of large-scale data in conjunction with the generated 3D models is often a recurring and resource-intensive task, an automated workflow is complex, requiring many steps to achieve a high-quality visualization. Methods for building reconstruction approaches have come a long way, from previously manual approaches to semi-automatic or automatic approaches. This paper aims to complement existing methods of 3D building generation. First, we present a literature review covering different options for procedural context generation and visualization methods, focusing on workflows and data pipelines. Next, we present a semi-automated workflow that extends the building reconstruction pipeline to include procedural context generation using Python and Unreal Engine. Finally, we propose a workflow for integrating various types of large-scale urban analysis data for visualization. We conclude with a series of challenges faced in achieving such pipelines and the limitations of the current approach. However, the steps for a complete, end-to-end solution involve further developing robust systems for building detection, rooftop recognition, and geometry generation and importing and visualizing data in the same 3D environment, highlighting a need for further research and development in this field. 

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI) , 2024. Vol. 16, no 11
Keywords [en]
Aerial photography; Antennas; Automation; Data visualization; Image reconstruction; Optical radar; Pipelines; Three dimensional computer graphics; 3D models; 3D reconstruction; 3d-modeling; Automated workflow; Geospatial visualization; LiDAR integration; Procedural generation; Spatial data analysis; Urban simulations; Work-flows; Visualization
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Computer Sciences
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:hv:diva-22296DOI: 10.3390/rs16111939ISI: 001245286400001Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-85195860627OAI: oai:DiVA.org:hv-22296DiVA, id: diva2:1927771
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Vinnova, 2019-00041
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Available from: 2025-01-15 Created: 2025-01-15 Last updated: 2025-09-30

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Sjölie, Daniel

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