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  • 1.
    Aadland, Lena
    et al.
    University West, Department of Nursing, Health and Culture, Divison of Caring Sciences, undergraduate level.
    Ekelund, Anna-Karin
    University West, Department of Nursing, Health and Culture, Divison of Caring Sciences, undergraduate level.
    Livet efter att ha drabbats av en hjärtinfarkt2015Independent thesis Basic level (professional degree), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Cardiac care has developed during the last years. The lengths of stay for patients who have suffered a myocardial infarction have been shortened thanks to more effective medical treatment. The short period of care means that patients have to absorb a lot of information on limited time and they may have difficulties absorbing everything before they leave the hospital.

    The aim of this study is to highlight how men and women experience and manage their daily lives three to 12 month after a myocardial infarction. The study is literature based including both qualitative and quantitative studies.

    The analysis revealed three themes with subthemes: 1) to no longer be able to rely on the body 2) managing daily life 3) support. It turns out that men and women have numerous emotional experiences and that fatigue plays a big role in their recovery. Men and women deal with their situation differently. Family and friends mean a lot in the rehabilitation and nurses play an important role in supporting those affected and this is an area with a lot of work to develop.

    Conclusion: Nurses need knowledge and understanding of how patients manage and experience their situation after a myocardial infarction, as well as learning the importance of meeting each individual differently, depending on where he or she is in life and what his or her nearest environment look like. A more individualized follow-up and rehabilitation over time need to be developed.

  • 2.
    Aarenstrup, Filip
    University West, Department of Engineering Science, Division of Mechanical Engineering and Natural Sciences.
    Effektivisering av informationsflödet mellan säljkontoren i orderprocessen inom Höganäs AB2016Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Höganäs AB is one of Sweden’s oldest companies established in 1797, the company have 1900 employees today and is one of the leading producers of metal powder in the world. From the subsidiary Höganäs Sweden AB 300,000 tonnes of metal powder was dispatched 2015. The material was sent to Höganäs customers that mainly consist of component manufacturers in the automotive, wood and other manufacturing industry.

    The purpose of this thesis is to suggest a new operational working process that will increase the efficiency of the order handling process. Throughout the investigation the present state of the process has been outlined and identified at Höganäs Sweden AB.

    Höganäs AB’s order handling process consists of many operations and interfaces that are involved to secure high delivery performance to the customers. The complexity of the process increases due to this and demands an effective communication between involved interfaces. The order handling process may vary depending on factors such as delivery terms, payment terms, transport, product, country, customs clearance and quantity. The variation of these factors makes it difficult to implement a standardized approach.

    It is valuable to Höganäs AB to streamline the process. The data recorded in the business system from the customer order is an important basis for production-, dispatch- and planning departments. The recorded data can be obtained earlier if high quality conditions are created that can increase the delivery performance and affect customer relationships positively.

    With support from the collected theory and the study that contains qualitative and quantitative primary data from Höganäs Sweden AB a new working process have been formed that excels the efficiency in the process. The new approach streamlines the overall process time by 40 percent and the overall lead time with 32 percent. In addition to the increased efficiency the number of information exchanges in the process was reduced significantly.

  • 3.
    Aarrepalo, Tytti
    et al.
    University West, Department of Social and Behavioural Studies, Division for Educational Science and Languages.
    Delwér, Ghazal
    University West, Department of Social and Behavioural Studies, Division for Educational Science and Languages.
    Estetik som metod och innehåll i förskolan2020Independent thesis Basic level (professional degree), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Bakgrund: Estetiska uttrycksformer används i förskolan som bild, form, drama, rörelse, sång, musik och dans. Hur ser förskolans verksamhet ut när barnen får möjlighet att utrycka sig genom olika estetiska uttrycksformer? Studien undersöker på vilket sätt estetiska uttrycksformer används i förskolans verksamhet samt på vilket sätt pedagoger själva uttrycker att de arbetar estetiskt inom förskolans verksamhet.

    Syfte: Det här examensarbetet undersöker pedagogernas uppfattningar om estetik som metod och som innehåll i deras arbete med att utveckla barns kommunikation och skapande genom olika estetiska uttrycksformer.

    Metod: Studien är kvalitativ med utgångspunkt i fenomenografin. Det fenomenografiska perspektivet valdes utifrån studiens syfte, vilket var att undersöka hur pedagoger uttrycker sig kring fenomenet estetik och vilka faktorer de själva uttrycker kan påverka val av estetiska aktiviteter och uttrycksformer i förskolan. Genom inspelade intervjuer med pedagoger har studiens empiri samlats. Materialet har därefter transkriberats, analyserats och presenteras i form av studiens resultat.

    Resultat: Resultatet visar att estetik används i förskolans verksamhet både som metod och innehåll i varierande omfattning men även som en kombination av båda. Pedagoger beskriver egna kunskaper, erfarenheter, sitt intresse och förhållningssätt som avgörande faktorer när det gäller användning av estetik i förskolan. Pedagoger använder estetiska aktiviteter som olika metoder för att uppnå annat men saknar oftast syfte och mål med själva estetiken. Avsaknad av syfte och mål gör att omfattningen av dokumentationen och utvärderingen varierar vilket i sin tur kan påverka barns möjligheter att vidareutveckla och fördjupa sina kommunikativa förmågor och färdigheter genom estetiska uttrycksformer i förskolan.

  • 4.
    Aasen, Elin M.
    et al.
    Department of Health Sciences in Aalesund, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, NTNU-Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Ålesund (NOR).
    Nilsen, Halvard K.
    Clinic of Cancer and Rehabilitation, Møre og Romsdal Hospital Trust, Aalesund (NOR).
    Dahlborg, Elisabeth
    University West, Department of Health Sciences, Section for nursing - graduate level. Department of Health Sciences in Aalesund, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, NTNU-Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Ålesund (NOR).
    Helberget, Lindis K.
    Department of Health Sciences in Aalesund, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, NTNU-Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Ålesund (NOR).
    Kjelsvik, Marianne
    Department of Health Sciences in Aalesund, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, NTNU-Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Ålesund (NOR).
    From open to locked doors - From dependent to independent: Patient narratives of participation in their rehabilitation processes2021In: Journal of Clinical Nursing, ISSN 0962-1067, E-ISSN 1365-2702, Vol. 30, no 15-16, p. 2320-2330Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: The present study aimed to explore patients' experiences of participating in their rehabilitation process in the context of specialised rehabilitation in Norway.

    BACKGROUND: The rights of patients to participate in their care and treatment is an ideology that underlines newer international and Norwegian public documents. However, there is a gap between policy statements and clinical practice, and a discrepancy between patients' and professionals' statements about patient participation in rehabilitation.

    DESIGN: A qualitative approach with a narrative design.

    METHODS: Eleven patients were individually interviewed to tell their stories about the rehabilitation processes. We utilised narrative analysis with a three-dimensional space narrative structure including temporality, sociality and spatiality. This study followed the COREQ checklist.

    RESULTS: The analysis identified two throughout plots: 'person-centred culture' and 'time', and three plots which constructed how the patients participate in change through the rehabilitation process: (a) dependent-'open doors'; (b) motivation from within; and (c) independence-'locked doors'.

    CONCLUSIONS: Patient participation in rehabilitation was dependent on person-centred cultures in the unit and on different aspects of time. The dialogue and the power balance between the patients and the health personnel changed as the rehabilitation progressed. Motivation for rehabilitation had to come from within patients. The paternalistic ideology did not seem to dominate the specialised rehabilitation unit in the present study.

    RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE: This study gives new insight into how patients participate in change in the rehabilitation process. This can be valuable for healthcare professionals and governments. Insight into how the lack of person-centred focus can harm the rehabilitation process, and a deeper understanding of the meaning of time in the rehabilitation process is essential. These results may provide a stimulus for discussions on how patients might participate in their rehabilitation process.

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    Wiley
  • 5.
    Aasen, Elin Margrethe
    et al.
    Department of Health Sciences in Aalesund, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, NTNU-Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NOR).
    Dahl, Berit Misund
    Department of Health Sciences in Aalesund, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, NTNU-Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NOR).
    Ottesen, Aase Marie
    Aalborg University (DNK).
    Strunck, Jeanne
    Aalborg University (DNK).
    Eriksson, Henrik
    University West, Department of Health Sciences, Section for nursing - graduate level.
    Dahlborg, Elisabeth
    University West, Department of Health Sciences, Section for nursing - graduate level.
    Boman, Åse
    University West, Department of Health Sciences, Section for nursing - graduate level.
    Vestgarden, Lisbeth Alnes
    Department of Health Sciences in Aalesund, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, NTNU-Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NOR).
    Tengelin, Ellinor
    University West, Department of Health Sciences, Section for nursing - graduate level. Department of Health Sciences, Rehabilitation Science, Mid Sweden University.
    Scandinavian Online Cancer Information as Expressions of Governmentality2022In: Advances in Nursing Science, ISSN 0161-9268, E-ISSN 1550-5014, Vol. Publish Ahead of Print, p. 1-13Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    We compared online distributed information provided to patients with cancer in Scandinavian countries through the lens of governmentality. A secondary comparative qualitative analysis was conducted. Discourses in online patient information showed differences in governmentality techniques across the countries: Norway used a paternalist approach, Denmark an educative approach, and Sweden an individualistic approach and expected the patients to make the “right” decisions. Online information for patients with cancer in Denmark and Norway showed high professional and health care system involvement, whereas in Sweden, there was high patient involvement. There was almost no use of the person-centered approach among the online discourses

  • 6.
    Aasma, Pia
    et al.
    University West, Department of Nursing.
    Björklund, Charlotte
    University West, Department of Nursing.
    Kvinnors upplevelser och behov i samband med bröstcancer: en litteraturstudie2002Independent thesis Advanced level (professional degree)Student thesis
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    FULLTEXT01
  • 7.
    Abassi, Rufia
    et al.
    University West, Department of Social and Behavioural Studies.
    Ehrenborg, Marie
    University West, Department of Social and Behavioural Studies.
    Unga kurdiska kvinnor: svenska & kurdiska normer inom familj och samhälle2006Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor)Student thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    The purpose of the study was to investigate how young female Kurd immigrants experienced their existence between two different cultures, namely Swedish compared to the immigrants parents culture. How their experience behavioural conduct between the opposite sex before marriage and if the young female Kurds thought the mass media picture of them was thought of as a correct image of their lives in general or whether they experienced it as a generalisation only. We chose qualitative methods for our study and used suitable literature based on the theories of this subject to be able to understand the problem. To go deeper whit the study five young female Kurds aged between eighteen and twenty years were asked if they would participate in an interview on the subject. These participants proved that they had no problem at all being multicultural. They adapted themselves no matter which environment they found themselves in, whether it is the Swedish or the Kurd culture. They did NOT see themselves as victims or nondependent individuals. They did not experience their male relatives as a threat either; on the contrary, family was seen as a big support for them instead. Their strong and positive side had not been highlighted in the mass media only neglected and ignored on behalf of the weak and oppressed female Kurd instead. This was very frustrating for the young female Kurds who we interviewed. If there is going to be a change in the problem, which actually does exist in society today, then one must examine the intersectionalism within research work that now seems to be done. This became quite clear in our research study that is presented here.

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    FULLTEXT01
  • 8.
    Abbas, Abdullah
    et al.
    University West, School of Business, Economics and IT.
    Danielsson, Eddi
    University West, School of Business, Economics and IT.
    Distansundervisning under COVID-19-pandemin: En analys av dess påverkan på högskolestudenters upplevelse2023Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    I studien undersöks effekterna av distansutbildning på högskolestudenter under COVID-19-pandemin. Pandemin var en extraordinär händelse som har förändrat utbildningslandskapet över hela världen. I examensarbetet presenteras bakgrundsinformation om pandemins inverkan på högre utbildning, inklusive de utmaningar och möjligheter som uppstått. Syftet är att undersöka högskolestudenters upplevelse av distansundervisning och påverkan av digitala verktyg. För att få en djupare förståelse av universitetsstudenters erfarenheter under övergången till distansundervisning genomförde vi en enkät med hjälp av snöbollsurval. Denna metod valdes eftersom den ger möjligheten att nå en bredare och mer diversifierad population av studenter. Studiens fokus var på könsspecifika skillnader och faktorer som påverkade studenternas akademiska erfarenhet och prestation. Studien undersökte tillgång till teknik, motivation och engagemang, samt hur dessa faktorer påverkade studenternas övergripande tillfredställelse och framgång. Examensarbetets resultat visar att män och kvinnor påverkas olika av distansutbildning, även om det inte finns någon signifikant skillnad i deras erfarenheter när det gällde de flesta faktorer av online-undervisning. I studien framgick att tillgång till teknik är en betydande faktor som påverkar studenternas akademiska erfarenhet och prestation, vilket framhäver vikten av likvärdiga resurser för alla studenter. Studenternas motivation och engagemang spelar en betydande roll för deras framgång i onlinekurser. Avgörande för att förbättra framtida online-undervisning är en bättre förståelse för könsspecifika skillnader.

  • 9.
    Abbas, Ahmad
    et al.
    University West, Department of Engineering Science.
    Ali, Mouhamad Riyadh
    University West, Department of Engineering Science.
    Kollimationsfel hos avvägare, estimeringsmetoder och osäkerhetsanalys2022Independent thesis Basic level (university diploma), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Leveling is a traditional method used for height measuring between two or more points. When leveling with leveling instruments, various errors can occur that affect the height measurements, for example accidental and random errors that are human sources of error. Another type of error that affects the height measurements is systematic errors, these errors already exist in the instrument itself such as collimation error. Collimation error means that the line of sight on the leveling instrument is not horizontal, this means that the leveling instrument does not show the true value of the measurements.

    To check whether there is a collimation error in the instruments, a collimation check has been performed. There are two traditional methods used to perform collimation control, Two peg test and Alternative two peg test. The purpose of this study is to check and recommend which of the two methods provides the most accuracy and is the most practical to use. This is done by a comparison between the two methods that have been performed with leveling instruments that have been checked for collimation with the two methods.

    The collimation checks were performed on the University West campus with four different leveling instruments. The first checks were performed to obtain the size of the collimation error on the leveling instruments and to compare the size of the collimation error between the two methods, two peg test and alternative two peg test. The instruments were then corrected by leveling the line of sight and then performing additional collimation checks to compare the collimation errors after the correction. For the two peg test method, a total distance of 40 meters is used and for the alternative two peg test, a total distance of 30 meters is used.

    The results of the collimation checks showed that all the leveling instruments had collimation errors. After adjustment and further collimation control with the two methods, it turned out that the alternative two peg test is the method that is most practical and provides the best accuracy.

  • 10.
    Abbas, Batool
    et al.
    University West, Department of Social and Behavioural Studies, Division for Educational Science and Languages.
    Dahlbom, Carolin
    University West, Department of Social and Behavioural Studies, Division for Educational Science and Languages.
    Elevers uppfattningar om lässtrategier och läsdebut: en kvalitativ studie utifrån ett livsvärldsfenomenologiskt perspektiv2018Independent thesis Advanced level (professional degree), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Bakgrund: Enligt den svenska läroplanen, Läroplan för grundskolan, förskoleklassen och fritidshemmet 2011 (Skolverket, 2017) ska elever lära sig olika sorters strategier som de kan ha användning av på olika sätt vid läsning. Tidigare forskning visar att elever använder sig av ett antal olika lässtrategier, men inte alltid så medvetet. Det är heller inte alltid som en strategi hjälper eleven i hens förståelse. Lässtrategin kan snarare göra det svårare för eleven att förstå en text. När vi startade upp vårt arbete märkte vi att det finns en lucka i svensk forskning, där man intresserar sig för elevers uppfattningar om lässtrategier. Därför anser vi att det då förefaller intressant att ta reda på mer om hur elevers uppfattningar om lässtrategier är i ett svenskt sammanhang.

    Syfte: Syftet med vår studie har varit att undersöka elevers uppfattningar och användande av lässtrategier i årskurs 3. Det innefattar också elevers uppfattningar om sin läsdebut.

    Metod: Studien utgår från en kvalitativ metod som bottnar i den livsvärldsfenomenologiska ansatsen. Empiri har samlats in genom både enskilda intervjuer och gruppintervjuer med elever från sammanlagt fyra skolor, varav tre kommunala och en friskola, i tre olika kommuner.

    Resultat: Resultatet av vår studie visar att elever har olika uppfattningar om både lässtrategier och läsdebut. Eleverna använder inte längre lässtrategierna ur undervisningsmodellen "En läsande klass" på samma sätt, som när de befann sig i årskurs 1. Detta eftersom eleverna nu har en uppfattning om att de inte längre är i behov av att tillämpa de strategierna vid läsning. Eleverna har likartade men också olika uppfattningar gällande användandet av en eller flera lässtrategier. De lässtrategier som eleverna mest använder är "be om hjälp" och "läsa om", men det framkommer även andra strategier som "googla svåra ord", "läsa bokens baksida", "använda bilder" och "hoppa över text". Studiens resultat visar även elevernas olika uppfattningar om deras upplevelser av läsutveckling och läsdebut. De flesta elever uppfattar sin läsdebut som ansträngande, eftersom den enligt dem handlade mycket om att avkodningsförmågan skulle automatiseras. Eleverna har även positiva uppfattningar om sina upplevelser gällande läsdebuten, då eleverna uppger att de kände en trygghet när de kunde ta reda på ny information på egen hand genom läsning.

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    fulltext
  • 11.
    Abbas, Batool
    et al.
    University West, Department of Social and Behavioural Studies, Division for Educational Science and Languages.
    Törnqvist, Carolin
    University West, Department of Social and Behavioural Studies, Division for Educational Science and Languages.
    Att utveckla elevers läsförståelse i årskurs 1 och 2: en kvalitativ studie utifrån några lärares perspektiv2017Independent thesis Basic level (professional degree), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Det övergripande syftet med vår studie har varit att undersöka vilka undervisningsmodeller lärare i årskurs 1 och 2 använder, för att utveckla elevers läsförståelse och hur dessa modellers strategier undervisas av lärarna. En undervisningsmodell innehåller ett antal läsförståelsestrategier som elever ska kunna tillämpa vid läsning (Skolverket, 2016a).

     För att besvara våra frågeställningar valde vi att ta hjälp från tidigare forskning och litteratur, som behandlar olika modeller inom området läsförståelse. I denna kvalitativa studie har semistrukturerade intervjuer med fem lärare, som arbetar på tre olika skolor i årskurserna 1 och 2 inom samma västsvenska kommun, samlats in. Dessutom har observationer av de fem lärarnas läsförståelseundervisning fungerat som underlag för vår studie. I vår studie betonar de medverkande lärarna att det är olika från lärare till lärare hur man tar sig an en undervisningsmodell. Vilka läsförståelsestrategier som ligger i fokus beror på elevgruppens behov och förutsättningar.

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    fulltext
  • 12.
    Abbas, Ghenoa
    et al.
    University West, School of Business, Economics and IT, Divison of Law, Economics, Statistics and Politics.
    Ahlström, Filip
    University West, School of Business, Economics and IT, Divison of Law, Economics, Statistics and Politics.
    Media’s framing of the Terrorist Attack in Nice: A case study of how CNN and Al-Jazeera framed the involved actors in Nice.2019Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    News media has a prominent role in people’s lives and acts as the first lens that communicates news from across the world. This Bachelor thesis aims to investigate the two news outlets CNN and Al-Jazeera and their respective framing of actors involved in the 2016 terrorist attack in Nice, France. Specifically, this thesis examines how CNN and Al-Jazeera frames civilians and the perpetrator as victims or non-victims. The theoretical chapter covers the framing theory by Robert Entman to work as a general foundation for the analysis. It also includes the ideal victim theory by Nils Christie, which is further developed in line with Joris van Wijk’s international conceptualization of the theory. The analytical framework is based on the ideal victim theory and will work to guide the analysis. The analysis finds that CNN and Al-Jazeera share similarities in terms of their framing of civilian victims, while AlJazeera spends more time with Muslim victims and providing their perspective. The framing of the perpetrator differs and CNN provides a more western versus non-western conflict where the perpetrator represents a non-western Islamic community, that cannot be victimized. Al-Jazeera accentuates the distinction between fundamentalists and ordinary Muslims. Regular Muslims in France are granted victimhood and framed as being caught between a western and non-western conflict.

  • 13.
    Abbas, Jufoon
    et al.
    University West, Department of Social and Behavioural Studies, Division for Educational Science and Languages.
    Nelson, Lina
    University West, Department of Social and Behavioural Studies, Division for Educational Science and Languages.
    Blyga barn i sociala situationer: Pedagogers strategier för att inkludera blyga barn i förskolan2019Independent thesis Basic level (professional degree), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Bakgrund: Idag uppmanas barn på förskolan att ta för sig och göra sig hörda, detta för att bli en del av gemenskapen. Blyga barn på förskolan tenderar att bli osynliga vilket leder till att de har svårt att bli delaktiga. I vår studie undersöker vi hur pedagoger arbetar för att inkludera blyga barn i förskolan.

    Syfte: I denna studie undersöker vi hur förskollärare arbetar för att blyga barn ska känna sig inkluderade i sociala situationer.

    Metod: Vi har valt att genomföra semistrukturerade intervjuer. Vi har intervjuat nio verksamma pedagoger på fem olika förskolor. Vi kontaktade cheferna på varje förskola via mejl innan vi skickade ut vårt missivbrev. Efter samtycke från studiedeltagarna spelade vi in våra intervjuer som sedan transkriberades och analyserades.

    Resultat: Resultatet av vår studie är att blyga barn har svårt att bli delaktiga i förskolan och inkluderas endast i vissa situationer. Att det finns olika strategier som pedagoger kan ta till för att stödja dessa barn har visat sig genom tidigare forskning. Dock behövs utbildning till pedagoger för att de ska bli medvetna om dessa strategier då det framkommit att utbildning inom området inte tillhandahålls. Det är också situationsbundet när barn blir blyga, vilket visar att barn är blyga i vissa miljöer eller sammanhang men inte i andra. Barn som är blyga går miste om upplevelser och erfarenheter på förskolan som andra barn får till sig, vilket innebär att de riskerar att gå miste om utvecklingsmöjligheter och att hamna utanför gemenskapen.

  • 14.
    Abbas, Mohamed
    University West, Department of Engineering Science, Division of Industrial Engineering and Management, Electrical- and Mechanical Engineering.
    Småskaliga elproduktionskällor som bygger på förnyelsebar energi lämpliga för installation i städer eller tätorter2021Independent thesis Basic level (university diploma), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    This study maps several different small-scale and renewable electricity generation plants that are suitable for installation in the urban environment such as solar panels, wind turbines and water reactors. The thesis is studying the conditions and potential for these power sources to be installed and operated in residential areas.

    The premise covers how these facilities work, the factors affecting different facilities and the number of uses in the urban environment. The premise also includes a couple of investment cost analyzes for solar and wind power. The profitability analysis contains an economic comparison between wind or solar power and ordinary electricity from electricity companies.

    The thesis shows how profitable it is for a medium-sized house with an annual consumption of about 16,000 kWh to install solar cells or a small wind turbine, where all revenues such as state aids and surplus sales are counted towards payments such as investment costs.

    The result from the profitability analysis indicates that it is more profitable to invest in renewable production plants than to buy ordinary electricity from electricity companies. Profitability is beneficial for private individuals and society.

  • 15.
    Abbas, Nour
    et al.
    University West, Department of Economics and IT, Divison of Law, Economics, Statistics and Politics.
    Dahlberg, Emma
    University West, Department of Economics and IT, Divison of Law, Economics, Statistics and Politics.
    Analys av ett nytt transportupplägg för externa transporter inom Europa för Jula AB2014Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Jula AB is a family-owned business, founded by Lars-Göran and Irene Blank in 1979. Julas's concept is based on offering creative Do It Yourself (DIY'ers) and professionals attractive collections with affordable prices. This is achieved by the large volumes of finished products purchased directly without any intermediaries from the suppliers. Since Jula does not manufacture its goods, efficient logistics is essential. The importance of this factor is based on the fact that a large part of the total product value consists of transpor-tation.

    Jula AB mandated two students from University West to develop alternative proposals for a new transportation arrangement. This is aimed to reduce the company's transporta-tion costs. The degree of filling of the carrier's capacity varies today. The cost of the transport depends on the transported volume; the smaller shipments the higher the trans-portation costs. One option to increase the degree of filling is to coordinate the small shipments and thus reduce the cost of the transportation; this can be accomplished by identifying and locating terminals.

    The authors obtained the necessary data from the theoretical materials dealing with the elements of transport planning and a preformed benchmarking at Volvo PV in Skövde. Interviews with employees at Jula, Arcese and University West were also used. The pro-ject was limited to only examine the country with the largest volume and the highest number of shipments; this was done in order to enable the work of the thesis. This resulted in Italy as the relevant country for localization. By using the center of gravity method, the optimal location for establishment of a terminal was determined. This resulted in identi-fying the optimal location to coordinate shipments in the city of Verona, Italy. The pro-posal was presented to the transport companies Collicare and Arcese, the companies ap-peared to each own a terminal in Verona. And thus, two alternatives were able to be es-tablished whereby cost analysis for each one was estimated. This was done to enable a comparison between the proposed transportation arrangements with the one currently uti-lized.

  • 16.
    Abbas, Rasha
    et al.
    University West, Department of Social and Behavioural Studies.
    Kurbegovic, Dijana
    University West, Department of Social and Behavioural Studies.
    En uppsats om hur anknytning och självkänsla samverkar med mobbningsbeteendet bland tonåringar2015Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    In the last few years bullying has started to get more attention. Bullying often takes place in schools in the forms of harassment, abuse, verbal and physical. This study aims at investigating the relationship between bullying, attachment and self-esteem, and how parent's attachment and self-esteem relate bullying. Results concerning bullying in this study have shown that there is a correlation between self-esteem, attachment and bullying. Further analyses showed that bullying behavior was significantly more frequent among boys than among girls. Regression analysis showed that only self-esteem has collaboration on bullying among boys, while among girls, both attachment to the parents and self-esteem had collaboration on bullying.

  • 17.
    Abbas, Tabassom
    et al.
    University West, Department of Engineering Science, Division of Industrial Engineering and Management, Electrical- and Mechanical Engineering.
    Sandblom, Sofia
    University West, Department of Engineering Science, Division of Industrial Engineering and Management, Electrical- and Mechanical Engineering.
    Digitalisering av arbetsflöde för avvikelsehantering på inköpt material: En fallstudie utförd på Nolato Cerbo AB i Trollhättan2020Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    A case study was performed at Nolato Cerbo AB in Trollhättan, with the objective to design a suggestion of a digital workflow for deviation handlingfor purchased material. The following questions were issued to fulfil the objective of the case study:

    • Is a workflow for deviation handling for purchased material possible to digitalize in order to facilitate documentation, traceability and information handling?

    • How should the workflow be designed in order to reach the involved personnel's requirements and needs?

    • Which advantages and disadvantages could emerge from the implementation of a digital workflow? To be able to map the current workflow and its issues, interviews with the involved departments were conducted. The interviews also brought up the employees' opinions of a digital workflow. A flowchart was created and waste in the workflow was identified. A benchmarking was performed at Varner Retail Logistics AB, to get an insight of how another company uses a digital workflow for deviation handling. A new flowchart for deviation handling for purchased material was created, where the manual parts of the flow were digitalized. After a test had been performed with concerned employees, it could be stated that the digital workflow will facilitate documentation, traceability and information handling. The requirements and needs for the involved personnel were also fulfilled. Advantages that the respondents consider can be achieved with the digital workflow was time save, no manual handling of paper, a faster distribution of information and that the correct information will be filled in from the beginning. Disadvantages that the respondents consider can emerge is that it will take some time for the employees to learn and adapt to the new way of working and the limitations of the mobileapplication. The conclusions that were drawn was that the digital workflow will be able to be used if it's designed according to the suggestion, although changes to the workflow might be performed in the future. There might also be employees at Nolato CerboAB which afraid of digitalization and changes. For the implementation to be successful, an education and information about the possibilities that digitalization brings will be required.

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  • 18.
    Abbas, Yasir
    University West, School of Business, Economics and IT.
    Effective Cloud Computing Resource Allocation Challenges in Small and Medium Enterprises2023Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (One Year)), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Small and medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs) play a crucial role in the global economy by generating employment opportunities and fostering economic expansion. However, the allocation of cloud computing resources remains a significant challenge for small and mediumsized enterprises (SMEs). The primary objective of this qualitative study was to examine the challenges associated with the allocation of cloud computing resources in small and mediumsized enterprises (SMEs). The research encompassed a comprehensive examination of existing literature and the utilization of semi-structured interviews to gather data from small and medium-sized enterprise (SME) owners and managers. The study focused only on two developed nations, namely the United States of America and the United Kingdom, as well as two developing countries, namely India and Pakistan. The literature review identified many issues that have an influence on the allocation of cloud computing resources in small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). These challenges include financial constraints, organizational culture, availability of competent individuals, and advancements in technology. The insights obtained from conducting interviews with small and medium-sized enterprise (SME) owners and managers provided useful information on the current methodologies employed for assigning cloud computing resources, as well as the obstacles faced by SMEs in effectively distributing these resources. The study's findings indicate that the successful operation of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) heavily relies on the efficient allocation of cloud computing resources. Furthermore, addressing challenges in this area necessitates a purposeful and proactive strategy. The findings of this study offer valuable insights into the cloud computing resource allocation tactics employed by small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). As a result, policymakers, researchers, and SME owners and managers may utilize these insights to effectively implement successful strategies for allocating cloud computing resources.

  • 19.
    Abbass Nagim, Kem
    University West, Department of Informatics and Mathematics.
    Embedded warning systems in C language compare with Java2003Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (One Year))Student thesis
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  • 20.
    Abdalbaky, Maher
    University West, School of Business, Economics and IT, Divison of Law, Economics, Statistics and Politics.
    The SEK daily volatility and its impact on the Swedish stock market2021Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (One Year)), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    The aim of this study is to investigate the Swedish currency (SEK) exchange rate daily volatility effects on the OMX stock price volatility in two separate periods of currency depreciation and appreciation. We used the exchange rate of the four main currencies against the SEK, the USD, EUR, CYN and JPY, as a base to calculate the average daily movement and the volatility of the SEK for the period between February 2018 to December 2020. We used a modified GARCH model specially designed to address the questions of this paper following the same steps used by Fang (2002) to design his model. This paper provides evidence that the daily exchange rate volatility has a significant, but neglectable, effect on the daily stock market volatility. The results can be explained by the high level of economic stability in Sweden and the low level of uncertainty between the investor.

  • 21.
    Abd-Alhe, Manar
    et al.
    University West, School of Business, Economics and IT, Divison of Informatics.
    Ernhjelm, Henrietta
    University West, School of Business, Economics and IT, Divison of Informatics.
    Vad är svenska bilisters inställning till självkörande bilars ageranden i etiskt svåra situationer?2019Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    The purpose of this study is to investigate Swedish motorists' attitudes towards self-driving cars. The thesis highlights advanced ethical decisions and ethical problems that exist for self-driving cars.

    To answer the question "What is the attitude of Swedish motorists towards self-driving cars and their actions in ethically difficulty situations?" a qualitative method has been applied. Artificial intelligence is a broad area with many domains, and therefore a delimitation has been made to the automotive industry.

    By using interviews and literature studies, the ethical dilemmas have been established for self-driving cars. The results of this literature study have been analyzed together with interviews for the study.

    Problems that have been identified with self-driving cars is that they are responsible for the event of accidents and decisive in ethical situations. Another problem identified in this study is the question of whom should be given priority in a situation where an accident is inevitable. The result has revealed that the actions of cars do not always comply with the driver's ethical principles, and that society usually lacks knowledge in the area of self-driving cars. People could act on reflexes in sudden incidents, which is different from a system that can make faster calculated decisions.

  • 22.
    Abdallah, Ali
    et al.
    University West, Department of Engineering Science, Division of Industrial Engineering and Management, Electrical- and Mechanical Engineering.
    Yosef, Janan
    University West, Department of Engineering Science, Division of Industrial Engineering and Management, Electrical- and Mechanical Engineering.
    Elbilsladdning längs E62021Independent thesis Basic level (university diploma), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    In Sweden, there are about 220,000 electric cars and the goal is to have 2.5 million electric cars by 2030. To achieve the goal, the charging infrastructure in Sweden needs to increase, especially along the motorways. The task is to investigate the possibility of expanding the charging infrastructure on the E6 between Gothenburg and Malmö. The chosen location for installation of a charging station along the E6 between Gothenburg and Malmö is at Heberg outside Falkenberg. This locationis suitable since it has a large parking lot and a restaurant where potential customers can rest and eat food while their electric car is being charged. There are different types of electric cars, plug-in hybrids and pure electric cars. 71% of all electric vehicles are plug-in hybrids while 29% are pure electric cars. Plug-in hybrids have an electric motor and a fuel engine while pure electric cars only have an electric motor. About 25.000 cars travel on the E6 at Heberg daily and about 4% of these are electric cars, and therefore it is estimated that about 50 electric cars per day will be charged at the selected location. The installation consists of 6 charging stations at Laxbutiken in Heberg, two fast chargers and four semi-fast chargers. The fast chargers are Terra 184 CC with an output of 180 kW and can charge up to three cars simultaneously. The semi-fast chargers are Chargestorm Connected 2 with two charging points for each pole and a power of 22 kW. Fast chargers can charge a car in 20-30 minutes, while with a semi-fast charger it takes 1-2 hours. The charging time depends on the size of the battery and the power. The total power required for the charging posts is 448 kW. A substation will be installed with an 800 kVA transformer to ensure that expansion is possible in the future without replacing the transformer. The cables are also dimensioned so they can also handle a future power increase. The cost of the project will be approximately SEK 1.856.000 including materials, cables and charging stations. The expected income is approximately SEK 894.000 in the first year. Payment terminals will be rented and installed at each charging station at a cost of SEK 85.740 including rent and transaction fees. With 50 % financial support from klimatklivet, the investment will be paid back within 1.1 years.

  • 23.
    Abdallah, Amira
    et al.
    University West, Department of Health Sciences.
    Abdi Goukmahi, Sima
    University West, Department of Health Sciences.
    Ungas sexuella hälsa: En systematisk litteraturöversikt om skolsköterskans samt barn och ungdomars perspektiv2023Independent thesis Advanced level (professional degree), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Good health includes sexual health fulfilled and preserved through respect for the individual's sexual rights. Sexuality has no fixed definition and can be influenced by factors such as biological, social, cultural, and religious. The school nurse has a vital role butlacks the tools and skills to hold conversations about sexual health with children and adolescents. Research shows that the school nurse lacks knowledge, tools and cooperationregarding teaching about sexual health. Other studies show that children and adolescents want school nurses to be more included in sexual and reproductive health education. The aim wasto shed light on sexual health from the perspective of school nurses and children and adolescents. Method: A systematic literature review with an inductive approach was chosen based on Polit and Beck (2020). Eight qualitative studies were analyzed based on qualitative content analysis according to Lundman & Graneheim (2017). The results are presented in three themes: Perspectives on how sexual health is communicated, shared and mediated; Communication in conversations and Obstacles in conversations. Conclusion: The school nurse's work with sexual health continues to be complex and there is a need for knowledge and development in various areas. In addition, children and young people lack up-to-date and adapted information for today's meaning of sexual health and for their level of development. The meeting and conversation about sexual health between the school nurse and children and young people is made possible by adapted spaces for the school nurse's work, maintenance of integrity and confidentiality, choice of attitudes and language in the meeting and the skills of the school nurse. In addition, cultural and religious backgrounds influence children's and young people's perception of sexual health, therefore it is important to give them the opportunity to talk about it.

  • 24.
    Abdallah, Hiba
    et al.
    University West, Department of Social and Behavioural Studies.
    Abdallah, Mariam
    University West, Department of Social and Behavioural Studies.
    Bortglömd och bortgift: En litteraturstudie av pojkars och mäns position i hederskultur i Arkan Asaads Stjärnlösa nätter2023Independent thesis Basic level (professional degree), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Bakgrund: Arkan Asaads Stjärnlösa nätter(2012) är en roman som beskriver livet för tonåriga Amar som kommer från en kurdisk familj, med en far som är överordnad och starkt dominerande i familjen. Romanen belyser tydligt vilka förväntningar som finns på Amar i släkten och hur heder och skam och allt vad det innebär är det som styr i samhället. För att rädda samt bevara familjens heder och för att Amars far ska bli stolt över honom så var enda utvägen att han skulle gifta sig med sin kusin Amina utan egen vilja.

    Syfte: Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka hur pojkar och mäns position inom hederskultur skildras i Arkan Asaads Stjärnlösa nätter.

    Teoretisk bakgrund: De teoretiska ramverken som ligger till grund för denna studie är Connells (2008) maskulinitetsteori och det intersektionella perspektivet och dess maktstrukturer. Vi använder oss också av Schlytter och Rexvid (2016) definition av heder och skam samt Hanssons (2010) beskrivning av heder på individ- och gruppnivå.

    Metod: Vi har valt att göra en närläsning av verket, där vi kommer att analysera samt tolka den, för att tolka den på bästa sätt kommer vi att stödja oss på hermeneutiken, tolkningsläran. Vi gör en kvalitativ innehållsanalys vilket innebär att vi fokuserar på specifika delar av verkets innehåll och de delar som är relevanta i denna studie är patriarkala maktstrukturer inom familjer, hederskultur och skam.

    Resultat: Analysen visar att Asaad (2012) skildrar män och pojkar i familjer med hedersrelaterade värderingar och normer som dominanta, aggressiva, hotfulla och våldsamma. Läsaren får också en inblick i den traditionella familjeordningen i Amars familj och den består av Casim med högsta status, mamman som är underordnad pappan och sönerna med högre status än dottern. Men resultatet visar också att Amar är ett offer för hederskulturen då han efter påfrestningar och påtryckningar tvingas gifta sig med sin kusin och tvingas glömma bortegna målsättningar i livet -- allt i hederns namn. Analysdelen visar hur heder och skam präglar Amars familj. På så sätt visar analysen att skam och heder går hand i hand i familjer med hedersrelaterade värderingar och normer, vilket Amars släkt har. Skammens roll är betydligt större och har mer inflytande över familjen än vad kärlek och respekt har. 

  • 25.
    Abdallah, Hiba
    et al.
    University West, Department of Social and Behavioural Studies.
    Abdallah, Mariam
    University West, Department of Social and Behavioural Studies.
    Stereotypa manliga och kvinnliga egenskaper i We hunt the flame: En litteraturstudie ur ett genusperspektiv2022Independent thesis Basic level (professional degree), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Bakgrund: Hafsah Faizals We hunt the flame från 2019 är en roman vars berättelse utspelar sig i Arawiya, en värld inspirerad av Ancient Arabia (en värld som fanns innan Islams uppkomst). I berättelsen får vi följa Zafira, en 17-årig kvinna som på grund av samhällets normer får klä ut sig till man, en berömd jägare. Romanen belyser tydligt Arawiyas samhälleliga normer och vad som förväntas av det manliga respektive det kvinnliga könet. För att få chansen att rädda sin hemstad var enda alternativet för henne att klä ut sig till en man eftersom om någon hade vetat om hon var kvinna hade hennes prestationer och hjältelika gärningar blivit fråntagna henne.

    Syfte: Syftet med vårt arbete är att undersöka hur Zafira Bint Iskandar i We Hunt the Flame skildras utifrån ett genusperspektiv och de rådande könsnormerna i romanens värld. Vi ska undersöka om hon är en normbrytare eller inte.

    Teoretisk bakgrund: De teoretiska ramverken som ligger till grund för vårt arbete är Yvonne Hirdmans teori om genusordningen och Maria Nikolajevas motsatsschema.

    Metod: Den valda metoden för detta arbete är en närläsning, vi gör en karaktärsanalys på Zafira för att se hur hon framställs i boken, utifrån Hirdmans genusteori. Vidare stödjer vi oss på den kvalitativa tolkningsmetoden, det hermeneutiska synsättet, men även Nikolajevas motsatsschema.

    Resultat: Analysen visar att Arawiya är ett mansdominerat patriarkalt samhälle där kvinnan är underordnad mannen. Zafira får på grund av omständigheterna dölja sin könstillhörighet för att kunna försörja sin familj. Det gör hon genom att bete sig på ett stereotypiskt maskulint sätt. Genom våra teoretiska utgångspunkter har vi mött en kvinnlig karaktär som kritiserar ett samhälle som begränsar kvinnan, och som bryter mot stereotypiska egenskaper genom att agera på ett sätt som anses vara manligt. I Arawiya är kvinnors positioner begränsade där de inte kan exempelvis bli kalifens efterträdare eller styra ett land. Genom analysen får vi se tydligt hur Hirdmans genusordning bekräftas i Arawiya. Zafira beskrivs ha typiskt manligt kodade egenskaper som att vara självständig, stark, modig, beskyddande och folkets försörjare. Dessa manligt kodade egenskaper är det som stärker hennes mansroll som hon intar då. Trots detta så betyder det inte att hon inte framställs som kvinnlig, då hon gör det i viss mån. Hon betraktades vara sårbar och visar även rädsla vilket är en typiskt kvinnlig egenskap. Det vi har kommit fram till är att protagonisten Zafira Bint Iskandar uppvisar kritik mot genusordningen och bryter mot könsnormerna i Arawiya och faller framförallt i den manliga kategorin i stället för den kvinnliga.

  • 26.
    Abdallah, Houda
    et al.
    University West, Department of Engineering Science.
    Saleh, Najat
    University West, Department of Engineering Science.
    Cyberattacks through Stegomalware2022Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Stegomalware is a type of malware that utilizes steganography to evade detection. It hides amalicious code inside an innocuous cover medium. The cover medium could be of any type: image, audio, video or even network protocols. Stegomalware has also shown to be a highly effective method to bypass detection. This has led it to increase in popularity among cybercriminals. In this thesis, the aim is to shed light on these cyberattack techniques and show the potential harm that could impact organizations, people, and transmitted data over the network. This is done by exploring the following: state of the art, the use of malware steganography in cyberattacks, most used techniques, and how to defend against them. The prevalent tools used by cybercriminals along with various existing stegomalware prevention and detection techniques have been surveyed and studied. A practical implementation was done with the purpose of observing the technical process that takes place at the point of data hiding. In total two tests were done, with both using the Least Significant Bit (LSB) algorithmto achieve the desired results. 

  • 27.
    Abdallah, Hussein
    et al.
    University West, Department of Engineering Science, Division of Industrial Engineering and Management, Electrical- and Mechanical Engineering.
    Gustafsson, Robin
    University West, Department of Engineering Science, Division of Industrial Engineering and Management, Electrical- and Mechanical Engineering.
    Elbilsladdning längs vägen Trollhättan-Sälen2021Independent thesis Basic level (university diploma), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    The number of electric cars has increased drastically in recent years and interest in renewable energy is growing. In addition, the need for good charging infrastructure on the roads, which is sufficient for all new electric cars, is also increasing. This thesis is about placing charging infrastructure along the road Trollhättan-Sälen. 

    The report contains information about the different types of electric cars that currently exist with different safety levels and contact types. Different methods are used to calculate the range of electric cars. The report also contains information about the rules and laws that apply when installing charging stations.

    To find out where new charging infrastructure is needed on the route, a study is made of how many electric cars that travel on the specific roads each day. This is done to produce an estimate of the need for charging stations. However, it is difficult to know how long the cars need to be charged as there are large differences in the capacity of electric cars depending on which model it is. Also, not everyone stays the same time or charges until the battery is full. 

    Other studies were also carried out before the work began to get a better understanding of the conditions that exist on the section Trollhättan to Sälen. It is important to place the charging stations where new charging infrastructure is actually needed. Åmål, Sunne and Limedforsen were chosen based on the investigation done before placement. 

    Several companies were contacted during the project, although it was only one company that could state the prices of the products. Therefore, ABB was chosen as the supplier and prices for charging stations come from ABB. EBRE's cost calculation is used to obtain the prices for the substation, transformer, shaft and cable, etc. 

  • 28.
    Abdallah, Karl
    et al.
    University West, Department of Engineering Science, Division of Mechanical Engineering and Natural Sciences.
    Sisodia, Raoul
    University West, Department of Engineering Science, Division of Mechanical Engineering and Natural Sciences.
    Kvalitetsproblem med inre dörrpanel2015Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    This thesis work has been conducted at International Automotive Components Group in Torslanda, Sweden. The company produces door panels, instrument panels, consoles and cockpits for the automotive industry.

    During the production of door panels, defects such as pressure marks and scratches emerge which results in scrap and rework. The objective of the thesis work was to identify the causes of pressure marks and scratches and also to suggest measures to reduce the amount of scrap and rework on door panels.

    Through observations, interviews and experiments, several causes leading to pressure marks and scratches on door panels were identified. Small pieces of plastics on fixtures, the operator's rough handling and specific process steps are the main causes that result in pressure marks and scratches.

    Pressure marks and scratches emerge at several places on the door panels during the production. To reduce the amount of pressure marks and scratches both short-term and long-term measures were suggested. Some of the measures are:

    •  Use vacuum cleaners at some stations
    •  Add padding on unpadded areas and edges
    •  Make new instructions that emphasize to keep production stations clean and to avoid rough handling
    •  Introduce workshops to engage operators
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  • 29.
    Abdallah, Kristian
    University West, Department of Engineering Science, Division of Mechanical Engineering and Natural Sciences.
    Pedestrian Protection System: Hood lift study2015Independent thesis Basic level (professional degree), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Every year approximately 400 000 pedestrians are killed worldwide in road related injuries where children and elderly are the most exposed age groups. The design of the front-end of a vehicle and the structural stiffness have a significant influence on the kinematics and injury risks of the pedestrian body. To create a clearance between the rigid hood structure and the hood, the hood is lifted. A lifted hood does however not provide protection over the cowl, windscreen and A-pillar areas.

    This study is performed at Autoliv Sverige AB and the purpose is to examine how fast the hood can be lifted 100 mm using a pedestrian protection airbag. The airbag give an extended protection while covering the cowl, windscreen and A-pillar areas.

    A concept generation session was performed where modifications of the current pedestrian protection airbag, for a faster hood lift, were proposed. The generated concepts proceeded to a concept screening session where the Autoliv evaluation matrix was used.

    The selected concepts went further to static testing where the performance of each concept was tested. The performance include the lift time of 100 mm for the most rearward section of the hood, positioning of the cushion and pressure distribution. The tests were carried out in a room temperature environment.

    To conclude the thesis work, one winning concept could not be obtained. Two concepts excelled themselves from all the concepts and a difference in the performances between these two concepts could not be found.

    In this thesis no calculations on costs such as material costs and manufacturing costs has been made. This can be the major aspect on choosing one winning concept but due to the fact that there is no time for a cost analysis in this thesis, the PPA development team will take over.

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  • 30.
    Abdallah, Mouna
    et al.
    University West, Department of Social and Behavioural Studies.
    Skogsberg, Tim
    University West, Department of Social and Behavioural Studies.
    Elevernas förståelse av likhetstecknet: ”Vad blir?” eller ”Lika mycket som”?2023Independent thesis Basic level (professional degree), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Bakgrund: Föreliggande studie är en kartläggning inför ett utvecklingsarbete inom undervisningen för likhetstecknets relationella betydelse. Behovet identifieras utifrån att likhetstecknets betydelse lyfts som en vanlig missuppfattning som hindrar elever att lösa algebraiska ekvationer. För att bättra stödja elevernas algebraiska kunnande finns behov av ett sådant utvecklingsarbete. 

    Syfte: Utifrån syftet att fördjupa vår förståelse i skillnaden mellan likhetstecknets operationella respektive relationella betydelse bland elever på mellanstadiet har studien ämnat att besvara följande frågeställningar:

    • På vilket sätt förstår eleverna likhetstecknet?

    • Vilka möjliga kritiska aspekter behöver urskiljas för att utveckla elevernas relationella förståelse av likhetstecknet?

    Metod: För att besvara studiens frågeställningar har vi genomfört standardiserade tester med elever på mellanstadiet på två olika skolor. Av de elever som genomfört testerna har uppföljande intervjuer genomförts med ett urval på sju elever med syftet att fördjupa vår förståelse i elevernas uppfattning av likhetstecknets betydelse. Intervjuerna har utgått från en semistrukturerad intervjuguide. 

    Resultat: Sammanställningen av resultatet visar att elevernas förståelse av likhetstecknets betydelse varierar och kan grupperas i operationell, relationell och på god väg mot relationell förståelse av likhetstecknet. Kritiska aspekter som ringas in för att elever ska utveckla den relationella förståelsen är bland annat att det ska vara lika stort värde på vardera sida om likhetstecknet och att räkneoperationerna kan förekomma på båda sidor om likhetstecknet. En majoritet av eleverna som deltagit i denna studie uppvisade en operationell förståelse, vilket problematiseras i denna studie eftersom tidigare forskning som presenteras i vår studie påstår att svårigheter i att lösa algebraiska ekvationer härleds tillbaka till den operationella förståelsen av likhetstecknet. Därför kommer den kartläggning som genomförts i studien användas som ett avstamp för vårt planerade utvecklingsarbete; en Learning study där vi genom varierad undervisning som utgår från kritiska aspekter erbjuder elever goda möjligheter för att utveckla sina kunskaper inom likhetstecknets relationella betydelse. 

  • 31.
    Abdallah, Nagam
    et al.
    University West, School of Business, Economics and IT, Division of Business Administration.
    Absir, Hlinna
    University West, School of Business, Economics and IT, Division of Business Administration.
    Medarbetarnas perspektiv på organisationsförändring, ledarskap och organisationskultur: Effekten av Covid-19 på organisationsförändring inom vården2021Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    The purpose of this study was to contribute to a deeper understanding of organizational changes in healthcare with a focus on Covid-19 and its impact on leadership and organizational culture from the perspective of employees. The study has a qualitative approach and semi-structured interviews are the method used to be able to have deeper conversations with our respondents. The choice of organizations was based on creating a deeper overall picture of healthcare organizations and not limiting the study to only one form of healthcare organization. The study concluded that Covid-19 brought major changes in healthcare that affected the leadership and the organizational culture. The study has concluded that healthcare has succeeded in managing the change and adapting, but at the same time they have failed to maintain or develop their organizational culture so that it promotes the employees. The study shows that healthcare organizations have failed to deal with resistance from employees, which is due to employees not sharing the organization's visions and goals of change. The study has presented a result that shows that leadership in healthcare has not changed much compared to before the pandemic. But it is clear that the leaders do not have the same relationship with their employees as before, which has affected the organizational culture.

  • 32.
    Abdallah, Narjiss
    University West, Department of Social and Behavioural Studies.
    Madeline Miller’s Feminist Retelling of Circe: Turning a Cruel Witch into an Empowering Enchantress2022Independent thesis Basic level (professional degree), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
  • 33.
    Abdallah, Nour
    et al.
    University West, Department of Social and Behavioural Studies, Division for Educational Science and Languages.
    Nyman, Caroline
    University West, Department of Social and Behavioural Studies, Division for Educational Science and Languages.
    Naturvetenskap i förskolan: en kvalitativ studie om förskollärares syn på naturvetenskap i förskolan2017Independent thesis Basic level (professional degree), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Studien har syftat till att ta reda på hur pedagoger tänker kring arbetet samt vilka möjligheter och svårigheter det finns med att arbeta med naturvetenskap i förskolan. Under vår undersökning har vi utgått ifrån olika övergripande frågeställningar som vilka arbetssätt pedagoger utgår från när det gäller naturvetenskap i förskolan, vad ser pedagoger för möjligheter att arbeta med naturvetenskap i förskolan samt vad för svårigheter pedagoger ser med att arbeta med naturvetenskap i förskolan? I studien utgick vi från den kvalitativa metoden där åtta intervjuer utfördes på två olika förskolor. Intervjufrågorna var öppna för att försöka fånga in så mycket av de intervjuades upplevelser och tankar kring ämnet naturvetenskap. Resultaten i studien visar att pedagoger har olika tankar om hur man arbetar med naturvetenskap samt att pedagoger arbetar på ett varierat sätt. När det gäller arbetsformen fann vi fyra subkategorier, att arbeta med begreppsförståelse, att ha spontana och planerade aktiviteter, att barnen ska upptäcka själva och att uppmuntra barnen till att lära sig genom sociala samspelet.Vi kom även fram till att det finns olika möjligheter samt svårigheter med naturvetenskap somexempelvis att ha en skog nära kan vara en stor möjlighet eftersom det kan underlätta pedagogers arbete. Svårigheter som kan uppstå är att om det förekommer brister på kunskaphos pedagoger kring ämnet naturvetenskap kan detta innebära att det blir svårt att lära barnen om naturvetenskap. Det blir svårt att exempelvis att svara på frågor.

  • 34.
    Abdallah, Rosanne
    et al.
    University West, Department of Economics and IT, Division of Business Administration.
    Bajrakti, Lirije
    University West, Department of Economics and IT, Division of Business Administration.
    En studie om hur reklam på sociala medier påverkar individers köpbeteende2016Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Social media has grown, becoming more popular among millions of users. With its growth, companies are attracting more customers using advertising through social media. Companies are using online advertising to increase their customer base and market new products.

    Growth in social media can be determined by examining how advertising affects individual buying behavior. This study focuses on analyzing the purchasing behavior of young individuals through the influence of advertising in social media. The purpose of this study is to provide an effective basis for companies in practice; providing insight on individual behavior in regard to advertising within social media.

    We answered the research question using a qualitative approach with semi-structured interviews in conjunction with the ten selected respondents.

    The result indicated that young people are heavily influenced by advertising on social media. As a result, companies are using advertising to guide consumers in the direction of their interests. However, social media advertising may negatively influence customer interpretation if the message is not correlated with the consumers interests.

  • 35.
    Abdallah, Rosanne
    et al.
    University West, Department of Social and Behavioural Studies, Division for Educational Science and Languages.
    Hajdar, Nushin
    University West, Department of Social and Behavioural Studies, Division for Educational Science and Languages.
    Ett språkutvecklande arbetssätt inom religionsundervisning: En kvalitativ intervjustudie på mellanstadiet2020Independent thesis Basic level (professional degree), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Bakgrund: I dagens samhälle har mångfalden i klassrummen ökat vilket har medfört att elevers olika erfarenheter och världsbild möts samman i klassrummen och därmed i religionsundervisning. I tidigare vetenskapliga studier har det visat sig att lärare upplever religionskunskapsämnet som ett känsligt och utmanande ämne där flertalet lärare hade olika åsikter om ifall man ska ha dialoger och diskussioner om religion i religionsundervisning. Lärarnas olika åsikter och arbetssätt bidrar och påverkar elevernas ämneskunskaper och språkutveckling och är därför en viktig faktor för elevernas kunskap- och språkinlärning.

    Syfte: Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka lärares upplevelser av religionskunskapsämnet samt hur lärare arbetar språkutvecklande i religionskunskapsundervisningen på mångkulturella skolor.

    Metod: Metodvalet för denna studie grundar sig i kvalitativa samtalsintervjuer och har utförts utifrån en semistrukturerad intervjuguide där fem lärare från olika mångkulturella skolor har deltagit.

    Resultat: Resultatet visade att lärarna upplever att elevernas engagemang till religionskunskapsämnet påverkar undervisningen och bidrar till interaktion mellan eleverna och lärare i undervisningen. Samtliga lärare uppgav att de arbetar på ett varierande och språkutvecklande arbetssätt där fokus ligger på begrepp som religionsämnet berör. Det framkom i studien att lärare stöttade och involverade elevernas erfarenheter i klassrumsdiskussionerna trots att de är medvetna om att religionskunskapsämnet kan vara ett känsligt ämne för eleverna.

  • 36.
    Abdallah, Soujoud
    University West, School of Business, Economics and IT, Division of Business Administration.
    IFRS 9 och dess övergångseffekt på transparens inom den svenska banksektorn2020Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    After the global recession, IASB began working on the new standard IFRS 9 for financial instruments which replaced IAS 39 in 2018. What triggered the work for the new standard was that analysis from the crisis showed that if credit losses where more forward-looking, the effects of the crisis would have been smaller. The purpose with IFRS 9 was therefore to solve the problems found with IAS 39 and among other things not be as reactive as the previous standard. Previous studies show that there was an expectation with the new standard that it would lead to greater transparency and therefore financial stability. With this as background, the purpose of this study has been to gain knowledge on the transitional effect of IFRS 9, with regards to transparency, on the Swedish banking sector after its implementation. It therefore studies whether IFRS 9 has succeeded in increasing the degree of transparency in financial reports within Swedish banks. It also studies whether the new standard has created new problems. To do this, the study relies on a qualitative method where a text-analysis of Swedish banks' financial reports before and after the implementation of IFRS 9 was done. The empirics where reviewed with relation to the qualitative characteristics' relevance, faithful representation, understanding and comparability as these are found, in previous research, to be related to transparency. It was then analysed whether these characteristics had increased or decreased after the implementation of IFRS 9. The study concludes that there has been both a decrease and increase of transparency of information in the financial reports depending on which qualitative characteristic the report is analysed in relation to. A new problem is also identified where opportunistic behaviour is more likely under the new standard because it increases the subjectivity within management which also decreases comparability.

  • 37.
    Abdalrhman, Slah Aldeen
    University West, Department of Engineering Science, Division of Production Systems.
    Virtual model of a production process: Seam sealing line at Scania2019Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (One Year)), 20 credits / 30 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    The concept of digital factories is becoming more popular among the manufactures due to its contributions in simplifying the work of plant engineers and reducing time to market of the products [1]. The main aim of this thesis was to investigate the possible applications of a digital copy of production processes by creating a virtual model of a seam sealing line in the paint department at Scania in Oskarshamn. The main usage of the virtual model was to perform offline programming of the robots. The benefits of offline programming were investigated and compared to online programming. Some comparisons between offline and online programming were made when it comes to the time needed for programming, the accuracy of generated robot paths, the workflow of both approaches and the required knowledge to turn from online programming to offline programming.

    The result of the conducted experiment showed that the time of robot programming can be reduced, and the accuracy of robot paths increases by implementing an offline programming tool. The other application of virtual which was investigated in this thesis was virtual commissioning. Virtual commissioning is a method used to test and validate robot and control (PLC) programs in a virtual environment before implementing in the real plant. The software in the loop was selected as an approach for building the virtual commissioning model after presenting the different existed approaches. The result of the model showed great benefits of virtual commissioning not just in reducing the time of traditional of the new built line but even when replacing parts in an already existing manufacturing. Virtual commissioning is still new in the manufacturing, therefore, there are many issues which should be solved to get an optimal model that imitates perfectly the real plant.

  • 38.
    Abdel Ahad, George
    et al.
    University West, School of Business, Economics and IT, Division of Business Administration.
    Dilli Abo, Jack
    University West, School of Business, Economics and IT, Division of Business Administration.
    Digitalisering utifrån ekonomers perspektiv: En fallstudie vid två offentliga organisationer2021Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Digitalization is a current topic at present and technology has grown and affected society. It has affected economists and their way of working. There are several studies regarding how digitalization affects the role of economists in the private sector, research on economists' own experiences and in the public sector is, however, few. The public sector has been criticized as technological development does not progress at the pace of the rest of society. This is because they have structures that make it difficult to introduce modernization work. The purpose of the study is to map and analyze experiences with digitization as well as opportunities and challenges around it from the perspective of economists. The study was conducted through a qualitative method where data collection was done on two public organizations through six semi-structured interviews. Digitization results in analog information shifting to being digitized. It improves internal efficiency by streamlining work processes by eliminating manual handling and reducing human error. Management control systems are about influencing the behavior of employees, but also managers' behavior in the organization. The empirical results of the study show that digitization has contributed to a transition from the analog to the digital. It also shows that digitalization has streamlined work processes within organizations. With regard to management control in the organizations, the study has identified that there is both results control and action control in the organizations. The conclusions that the study presents are that the advantages of digitization are that it has led to more efficient workflow processes and freed up time for more qualified tasks. The possibilities are that the streamlining leads to more focus being placed on dealing with qualified tasks that require the human eye and reduce human errors. A disadvantage is that economists do not possess IT skills, and need the help of the IT department, which is a challenge as challenges arise regarding communication. Due to this, economists experience that the systems are not always optimal to handle based on their tasks. Another disadvantage of digitalization is that it negatively affects social contact and creative ability as a result of more digital encounters instead of meeting physically.

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  • 39.
    Abdel Ahad, Nahla
    et al.
    University West, Department of Health Sciences.
    Lundberg, Sofia
    University West, Department of Health Sciences.
    Att leva med typ 2 diabetes: en scoping review om patienters perspektiv2022Independent thesis Advanced level (professional degree), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Diabetes Mellitus is a disease that 537 million adult people lived with in 2021. Themost common type of diabetes is type 2 diabetes (T2D) which is found in 95 percent of those with diabetes. The disease can be defined as a metabolic disorder in the body that leads to the body's cells being unable to satisfy themselves glucose, resulting in glucose accumulating in the blood and producing elevated blood sugar values. Living with T2D means an increased risk of dying. In 2021, the diabetic disease resulted in 6.7 million deaths. There is also a risk of developing diabetes-related complications, both acute and long-term, which can lead to an impaired quality of life. Person-centered care is a central part of health care, by working based on the person's wishes and needs, the person's self-care is improved and strengthened. Performing self-care can reduce both morbidity and mortality, as well as increase health and well-being. Self-care can be, for example, following recommendations on diet and physical activity. However, self-care can be difficult as the result can be seen only in the long term, which causes motivation to drop.

    Aim: The aim of this study was to highlight patients' perspectives of living with type 2 diabetes.

    Method: To answer the purpose of the study, scoping review was used. The method is used to map literature in a particular area. Data was retrieved from three different databases where 21 articles were considered to respond to the purpose of the study and met the inclusion criteria. The articles were then analyzed through a thematic analysis.

    Results: The result revealed four themes and nine sub-themes. The first theme is the importance of self-care, where it turns out that lifestyle change, barriers and digitalization affect self-care management. The second theme is the role of care, where it emerged that knowledge and relationship with health care is considered important for people with T2D. The third theme; social life, describes how people with T2D can be affected both positively and negatively by family and friends. The last theme the impact of the disease on the body and mind, emphasizes how the disease affects the person's well-being. It was clear that many people with T2D experience negative emotions related to the disease, such as worry, shame and frustration.

    Conclusion: The results of the study show that people with T2D can face many challenges in life that affect self-care management and well-being. It is clear that people with T2D experience the disease in different ways and have different needs. This suggests that health care should work to develop the person-centered approach

  • 40.
    Abdeltawab, Osama
    University West, School of Business, Economics and IT, Divison of Law, Economics, Statistics and Politics.
    Cryptocurrencies and financial assets during COVID-19 pandemic: Example of cointegration analysis2021Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (One Year)), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    The purpose for thesis is to test the cointegration among cryptocurrencies, financial assets and COVID-19 Cases/Deaths to find if there is cointegration. The Johansen cointegration test is used in order to find if there is cointegration. For the whole period spans from April 2016 to April 2021, the results showed that there is existing cointegration between Bitcoin and each market index. For the pre-pandemic period spans from April 2016 to December 2019, the results showed that there is no cointegration between Bitcoin and each market index. For the pandemic period spans from January 2020 to April 2021, the results showed that there is no cointegration between Bitcoin and each market index. On the other side, there is no cointegration between Ethereum and each market index in the three time periods. The results for the pandemic period showed that there is cointegration between COVID-19 cases and each market index except IBEX35 in Spain. Moreover, there is existing cointegration between COVID-19 cases and each cryptocurrency. The results showed that there is cointegration between (COVID-19 deaths and each market index) and (COVID-19 deaths and each cryptocurrency). Finally, the cryptocurrencies and market indices provide advantages in terms of hedge against the pandemic.

  • 41.
    Abdi, Abdurazak
    et al.
    University West, Department of Engineering Science.
    Omar, Hassan
    University West, Department of Engineering Science.
    Undersökning av två faktorer autentiseringsmöjligheter för inloggning till Linux-server samt Microsoft-Azure MFA2023Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Två-faktorautentisering är en tvåstegsverifieringsprocess som syftar till att ge ytterligare säkerhetsnivå genom att kräva att användaren verifierar sig med hjälp av en sekundär metod,för att säkerställa att personer som försöker få tillgång till ett online-konto är rätt person och utan 2fa kan hackare få tillgång till känslig information eller konto enbart genom att känna till offrets lösenord.I denna studie kommer mest använt 3 olika alternativa två faktor autentiseringsmöjligheter för inloggning till Linux servrar undersökas för att se vilken 2fa som är både användarvänlig och säker att använda. Faktorer som kommer att undersökas är kostnad, plattformskompatibilitet, tillförlitlighet, säkerhetsmässigt och tid samt backupalternativ.undersökningen kommer vara baserat på intervjuer om Högskolan Västs IT avdelnings nya två faktor autentiseringssystem för anställda. Det kommer ställas frågor till systemspecialist som har tagit fram två faktorer autentiseringslösningen och Högskolans anställda som kommer använda azure mfa lösningen. Frågorna kommer vara baserad anställdas behov av två faktor autentiseringssystem och hur de anställda upplever den nya två faktor autentiseringslösningen.Resultaten från de praktiska testerna påvisar att Yubikey var den mest säkra autentiseringsmetoden och duo var den mest användarvänliga metoden. Resultaten som samlats från intervjuerna visade att anledningen till att Högskolan Västs IT-avdelning vill implementera två faktorer autentiseringen var att skydda mot Phishing attacker som kan vara svåra att upptäcka

  • 42.
    Abdi, Ased
    et al.
    University West, School of Business, Economics and IT, Divison of Law, Economics, Statistics and Politics.
    Abdi, Osman
    University West, School of Business, Economics and IT, Divison of Law, Economics, Statistics and Politics.
    Power sharing in Somalia: A qualitative research about the attitude of the somali federal government and member states workers towards the abolishment of the 4.5 formula2021Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Somalia has been in civil war since the demise of the Somali government in 1991. Somalia is a post-conflict country which strives for consolidating peace and stability. Clan- based politics has governed Somalia since the Transitional National Government (TNG) approved that the 4.5 formula is the only suitable power sharing mechanism for Somalis in order to reconstruct the country. This thesis analyses the attitude of the Somali federal government and member states workers towards the abolishment of the 4.5 formula. Power sharing and social exclusion theories with a qualitative thematic analysis will be applied to the thesis in order to depict and interpret the findings of the research. The research is exploratory research and interviewing the government workers at the federal and state level will be primary data ofthe research. A semi-structured interview method will be deployed in the research. 

  • 43.
    Abdi, Fartun
    et al.
    University West, Department of Health Sciences, Section for nursing - undergraduate level.
    Khaloufi, Siham
    University West, Department of Health Sciences, Section for nursing - undergraduate level.
    Faktorer som hindrar sjuksköterskan inom hälso- och sjukvården från att göra en orosanmälan på barn2017Independent thesis Basic level (professional degree), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Background: It's a fundamental principal to protect children's rights. Through legislation, child abuse has been prohibited in many countries. Nurses working with children has a frontline role in identifying and reporting suspected or known child abuse. Mandatory reporting is one of the nurse's duty, reluctancy to report can lead to misconduct but it also leads to children suffering.

    Aim: The purpose of this degree project was to identify factors preventing nurses from mandatory reporting of children in health care.

    Method: A literature study based on using and analysing nine qualitative articles.

    Results: Three themes emerged in the result. The first theme was knowledge deficit, with two subthemes which were the need of education of signs and symptoms and the other subtheme was insufficient experiences. The second theme was nurses strained work environment with three subthemes. The first subtheme was the lack of routines, the second one miss information and the third one lack of cooperation and communication. The third theme consists of two subthemes, which were the lack of emotional support and the experience of fear. The results showed that nurses due to different factors relinquished from mandatory reporting. 

    Conclusion: The results highlighted that education and training was needed among nurses to gain knowledge on how to safeguard children and establish mandatory reporting. Thus, support from colleagues and managers agencies dealing with child safety was highly valued by nurses. Implementation of education, training and support could improve the cooperation in protecting children.

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  • 44.
    Abdishakur, Ilham
    et al.
    University West, Department of Health Sciences, Section for nursing - undergraduate level.
    Mohamed, Mona
    University West, Department of Health Sciences, Section for nursing - undergraduate level.
    Sjuksköterskors erfarenheter av urinvägskateter och kateterassocierad urinvägsinfektion: En litteraturbaserad studie2020Independent thesis Basic level (professional degree), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Health-related urinary tract infection is increasing every day as patients are treated with urinary catheters. Catheter-associated urinary tract infection does not only cause suffering, prolonged patient care time and increased health care costs, but also overuse of antibiotics. The most common reasons why urinary tract catheters needs to be used are difficulties in empty the bladder and control urinary production. When inserting a catheter into the bladder the recommended method is the aseptic one, and meticulous hygiene routines must be applied. Nurses are responsible for observing early signs of urinary tract infection, documenting and ask how the patient experiences the urinary catheter treatment. Aim: The aim of this study was to illuminate nurses' experiences of urinary catheter and catheter associated urinary tract infection. Method: A method to contribute to evidence-based nursing with ground in analysis of qualitative research was performed to get a better understanding of nurses 'experiences. Result: The results of the analysis are two main themes: Insufficient handling affects the patient and Varying insight about their own ability and limitations. Conclusions: Lack of communication between physicians and nurses threatens patient safety. Nurses have their own responsibility to manage effectively urinary tract catheters to prevent health-related urinary tract infection. There is a need for increased knowledge about the management of urinary tract catheters and the consequences of a catheter-associated urinary tract infection. Time for training and reflection should be planned in departments. For example, there may be hospital-wide education offered, which could be obligatory.

  • 45.
    Abdo, Adel
    et al.
    University West, Department of Engineering Science, Division of Industrial Engineering and Management, Electrical- and Mechanical Engineering.
    Tesfai, Henon
    University West, Department of Engineering Science, Division of Industrial Engineering and Management, Electrical- and Mechanical Engineering.
    Öka energieffektiviteten genom Industri 4.02021Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    This bachelor’s thesis has been carried out in consultation with PTC in Trollhättan, Sweden. The report consists of a comprehensive literature study on the various aspects involved, Reduce electricity waste by Industry 4.0. The various aspects concerning “Reduce electricity waste by Industry 4.0” have been investigated and a decision was made by the authors that by understanding the various aspects within the relevant subject, a deeper understanding will exist when the result is demonstrated. The various aspects are basic information about Industry 4.0, preventive maintenance, general knowledge about ventilation, minimizing the temperature increase and reducing energy consumption in an industrial premises with the help of ventilation and an information section about the lithium ion battery. 

    Finally, a result has been produced for crushing and the separation room to reduce the energy consumption in the room. The result consists of two parts in the same solution. The two steps are by reusing the air in the room as much as they can reduce the energy consumption in having to heat or cool the new external air. The second step is that with the help of AI and Big data technology, the computer system that controls the ventilation system will learn and recognize patterns of the weather and temperature in the external environment outside the industrial premises. Once the computer system has learned this, it can implement the lesson of when it is time for new external air to replace the existing air in the room and when it is time to try to reuse the air in the room to reduce energy consumption in heating and cooling the air. 

    Through personal communication with the supervisor Johan Dahlström a result has been produced by the authors. Results are considered to achieve the goal of reducing energy consumption with the help of Industry 4.0.

  • 46.
    Abdu, Ramadan
    et al.
    University West, Department of Economics and IT, Division of Business Administration.
    Zerhouni, Jonas
    University West, Department of Economics and IT, Division of Business Administration.
    Värdering av elitlicenser inom fotbollsallsvenskan: Hur gör man och hur påverkar variationsmöjligheterna jämförbarheten?2015Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Accounting in companies has for a long time been a good way to show profitability for external people. Accounting has become more legitimate over time and is being drown towards more secure numbers that show the real performance of the company. This is an important matter because of the large amount of investors ready to invest in a company with good profitability. The matter of correct accounting has become a serious deal over the years for the companies and associations that are bound with accounting obligations. This has become such a big deal that even the whole football world has been dragged into it. Since the football clubs receive an immense amount of attention regarding their accounting we believed it would be an interesting objective for our study. The factor that adds to the interest is specifically how Swedish football clubs adapt to the accounting rules that are set.The type of approach we have chosen for this study is a qualitative research. We therefore assumed the hermeneutic interpretation doctrine would be a good tool to achieve our aim with the study, since it will increase the knowledge and interpretation of our research topic (Wallen, 1996), (Bryman & Bell, 2013).The result of the study shows that the Swedish football association has given football clubs two alternatives to report new player signings. These two ways are either to expense play acquisitions in the balance sheet as a direct cost or to activate the play acquisition in the balance sheet (Svenska fotbollsförbundet, 2013). Among the football clubs in the league the majority of the football clubs activates the play acquisitions in the balance sheet, there were only two clubs who expensed play acquisitions as a direct cost. All the football clubs will be doing linear depreciations along the lease term (Svenska fotbollsförbundet, 2013).

  • 47.
    Abdul Fattah, Nabila
    et al.
    University West, Department of Social and Behavioural Studies.
    Meyner, Linda
    University West, Department of Social and Behavioural Studies.
    Nästan som i verkligheten: ungdomar som tittar på dokusåpa2005Independent thesis Advanced level (professional degree)Student thesis
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  • 48.
    Abdul Rahman, Deya
    et al.
    University West, School of Business, Economics and IT, Divison of Law, Economics, Statistics and Politics.
    Ingólfsdóttir, Kolbrá
    University West, School of Business, Economics and IT, Divison of Law, Economics, Statistics and Politics.
    Heroes or Traitors?: A comparative study on how U.S. liberal and conservative leading news articles frame Julian Assange & Edward Snowden2018Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    This thesis aims to compare how U.S. liberal and conservative media frames the whistleblowers Julian Assange and Edward Snowden. The questions we want to answer are, 1. What traits of heroes can be found in U.S. liberal and conservative media? 2. What traits of traitors can be found in U.S. liberal and conservative media? 3. Is there a difference between the U.S. liberal and conservative media’s representation of Assange and Snowden? In order to analyze the liberal and conservative media, the ontology of social constructivism and theories of framing, ideal types and political ideologies will be used. A qualitative comparative analysis will be conducted in order to find traits of our created ideal types, heroes and traitors in the liberal and conservative U.S. media. The analysis will show that there are great differences in how the newspapers frame the whistleblowers Assange and Snowden.

  • 49. Abdul Rashid, S. H.
    et al.
    Eriksson, Kristina M.
    University West, Department of Engineering Science, Division of Production Systems.
    Human Values: Increasing importance in the automotive production systems2001Conference paper (Refereed)
  • 50.
    Abdul, Renas
    et al.
    University West, School of Business, Economics and IT, Division of Business Administration.
    Khorram, Shaga
    University West, School of Business, Economics and IT, Division of Business Administration.
    Ledarskap och motivation: En kvalitativ studie om monetära belöningar2019Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    The need to motivate and reward employees to increase their motivation has been important for organizations and companies at all times. By having highly motivated employees, companies can compete in the labor market and achieve their goals. Previous research has shown various aspects of monetary reward and its impact on employees. Depending on how the monetary reward systems are designed, it can have different outcomes on the employees' motivation and performance. The leaders have a great role in finding out how to best motivate their employees.

    Our study aims to find out why monetary reward is used by leaders and how employee motivation is affected by it.

    We have, through a qualitative method in the form of interviews, examined the phenomenon of monetary reward and its use in the construction industry. In the theoretical frame of reference, various motivational theories and leadership styles are highlighted as support for interpreting the acquired empirical data.

    From our acquired empirical evidence it emerged that the leader's role is important in how employees are motivated, what impact monetary reward has on employees' motivation and why managers choose to use monetary reward. It also emerged that monetary reward system works well in the construction industry.

    We conclude that employee motivation is positively affected and the leader uses monetary reward as it results in good results for the company as they meet their goals. The cost of monetary reward is weighed up by the fact that the company receives satisfied customers.

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