Modified friction stir clinching (MFSC) process was employed to joint dissimilar AA2024-T3 and AA6061-T6 Al sheets by interchanging the upper and the lower sheets during the joining process. The material flow, microstructure, tensile strength and fracture behaviors of the MFSC joints were studied. The results reveal that material positioning significantly affects the material flow behavior of the MFSC joint due to the disparity in the properties (flow stress) of the AA2024-T3 and AA6061-T6 Al alloys. The flow-induced hook path and proximity of hook tip to the geometric differential flow-induced defect (at the refilled end of the keyhole) are undesirable in the welded AA6061-T6/AA2024-T3 joint as compared to the AA2024-T3/AA6061-T6 joint. The microstructure (precipitate dispersion, dislocation density, and tangles), hardness distribution, and fracture morphology of the joints are altered by the material positioning-induced flow behavior. Improved tensile strength (97.88 MPa) is obtained in the AA2024-T3/AA6061-T6 joint as compared to the AA6061-T6/AA2024-T3 joint (86.65 MPa). (C) 2020 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.
In order to influence the electric arc as a heat source on the welding pool created by the laser, hybrid laser-arc welding (HLAW) and laser beam welding (LBW) methods were utilized for the welding of GTD-111 superalloy. The results showed that the HLAW method, due to the creation of more heat input, provides the conditions for the exit of gaseous pores created in the weld metal. The electric arc, located 5 mm from the laser beam, re-melted the solidified grains in the keyhole and provided the conditions for nonhomogeneous nucleation of the equiaxed grains.
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of a magnetic field on the wear behavior of an IN718 layer applied by laser cladding on GTD-111 superalloy. The results showed that by increasing the intensity of the magnetic induction field from 25 mT to 75 mT, the grains become finer and the area of the equiaxed grains increases. This increased the hardness and decreased the porosity of the cladding zone (CZ). However, the greatest magnetostrictive effect was produced at a magnetic intensity of 25 mT, which reduced the elastic modulus of the specimen. Under such conditions, the hardness ratio to the elastic modulus reached its maximum value (3.97), which resulted in increased wear resistance of the CZ. © 2022 Elsevier Ltd