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  • 1.
    Aadland, Lena
    et al.
    University West, Department of Nursing, Health and Culture, Divison of Caring Sciences, undergraduate level.
    Ekelund, Anna-Karin
    University West, Department of Nursing, Health and Culture, Divison of Caring Sciences, undergraduate level.
    Livet efter att ha drabbats av en hjärtinfarkt2015Independent thesis Basic level (professional degree), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Cardiac care has developed during the last years. The lengths of stay for patients who have suffered a myocardial infarction have been shortened thanks to more effective medical treatment. The short period of care means that patients have to absorb a lot of information on limited time and they may have difficulties absorbing everything before they leave the hospital.

    The aim of this study is to highlight how men and women experience and manage their daily lives three to 12 month after a myocardial infarction. The study is literature based including both qualitative and quantitative studies.

    The analysis revealed three themes with subthemes: 1) to no longer be able to rely on the body 2) managing daily life 3) support. It turns out that men and women have numerous emotional experiences and that fatigue plays a big role in their recovery. Men and women deal with their situation differently. Family and friends mean a lot in the rehabilitation and nurses play an important role in supporting those affected and this is an area with a lot of work to develop.

    Conclusion: Nurses need knowledge and understanding of how patients manage and experience their situation after a myocardial infarction, as well as learning the importance of meeting each individual differently, depending on where he or she is in life and what his or her nearest environment look like. A more individualized follow-up and rehabilitation over time need to be developed.

  • 2.
    Adamovic, Eleonora
    et al.
    University West, Department of Nursing, Health and Culture, Divison of Caring Sciences, undergraduate level.
    Dervisic, Elma
    University West, Department of Nursing, Health and Culture, Divison of Caring Sciences, undergraduate level.
    Nybakad sjuksköterska: En litteraturbaserad studie om nyutexaminerade sjuksköterskors upplevelser2015Independent thesis Basic level (professional degree), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Different studies show that stress is a common feeling that newly graduated nurses experience during the first period in the profession. What causes the stress are high expectations that they have on themselves and the expectations from colleagues, as well as the fear of making a mistake while working as a nurse. Newly graduate nurses go through five stages of development from being novice to expert. The aim of this study was to describe work experiences of newly graduate nurses in hospital ward settings. The research method was a literature study based on ten qualitative articles. Articles were analyzed by using the method of Friberg (2012). Four main themes were identified: experiences of leadership; experiences of the relationship with colleagues; experiences of support; experiences of knowledge level. Colleagues and managers must respond to the needs of newly graduated nurses in an adequate way to create a friendly and supportive working environment, which in turn can contribute to the professional development of the newly graduated nurse. Nursing education should prepare students for professional careers in terms of socialization, leadership and organization.

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  • 3.
    Ahrenstedt, Sofia
    et al.
    University West, Department of Nursing, Health and Culture, Divison of Caring Sciences, undergraduate level.
    Ryd, Anna
    University West, Department of Nursing, Health and Culture, Divison of Caring Sciences, undergraduate level.
    Sjuksköterskors kommunikation med barn som vårdas på sjukhus och dess närstående: En litteraturbaserad studie av kommunikationens betydelse på sjukhus2015Independent thesis Basic level (professional degree), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Background:

    In the communication with children it is important to take in consideration the child´s age, maturity and willingness to take an active part in the process of communication. The nurse should have a positive approach to the child and it's next to kin. On the other hand, if the nurse has a negative approach and is unable or unwilling to show empathy or understanding, the cooperation with the child will not be efficient. Children can find the hospital environment scary, threatening but also exciting. Regardless, the child has a need of adult company and support. The aim of the study is to emphasize the importance of communication in the caring relation between the nurse and the child and their next of kin. The method used is a study based on nine, qualitative studies published in scientific publications. The result of the study: A nurse should consider four categories in communication with children; to create a sense of security and trust by chatting, to give the child an opportunity to participate in communication, to make the child involved by use of play and laughter and to use clear, trustworthy communication. Conclusion: Good communication is critical in the care of children and their next of kin in giving a good experience of hospital care. This should every nurse be aware of in the meeting with children and their next of kin.

  • 4.
    Alatalo, Ida
    et al.
    University West, Department of Nursing, Health and Culture, Divison of Caring Sciences, undergraduate level.
    Andersson, Karin
    University West, Department of Nursing, Health and Culture, Divison of Caring Sciences, undergraduate level.
    Kampen mot barnlösheten: kvinnors upplevelser av infertilitet. En studie av självbiografier2014Independent thesis Basic level (professional degree), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Fertility problems in women often cause mental stress. Feelings that women describe during the infertility investigation is jealousy, sorrow, guilt, pain, and anxiety. These women need support and encouragement from the nurse during the investigation. Therefore it is important that nurses understand the women's experiences. Previous studies on women's experiences of infertility are based on interviews. Therefore, this study will focus on women's own stories about their experiences during infertility investigation.

    Aim: The aim of the study was to describe women's experiences of infertility during the time the investigation is in progress.

    Method: The study was based on narratives, which in this case means an analysis of biographies. Three autobiographies were analyzed according to Dahlborg-Lyckhages (2006) description of analysis of narratives.

    Results: Four themes and seven subthemes emerged from the analysis. The results show that women's experiences are characterized by being inadequate, feeling guilt, envy, and the nurse's attitudes that can give sense of desperation or hope. The women's experiences affect their everyday lives and their emotions make them isolate themselves.

    Conclusion: Motherhood is a central part of the woman's life and identity, to be infertile is perceived as to major pressure that may result in mental stress. To reduce the infertile women´s suffering and mental stress it is important that the nurse shows empathy and understanding

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  • 5.
    Albihn, Annika
    et al.
    University West, Department of Nursing, Health and Culture, Divison of Caring Sciences, undergraduate level.
    Larsson, Sanna
    University West, Department of Nursing, Health and Culture, Divison of Caring Sciences, undergraduate level.
    Kvinnors upplevelser av livskvalitet efter genomgången hjärtinfarkt2014Independent thesis Basic level (professional degree), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Background

    To suffer a myocardial infarction is a dramatic even that might influence a human´s quality of life. Women and men´s symptoms may differ and this might delay treatment for women. This gives women a worse prognosis and also affects their quality of life.

    Aim

    The aim was to describe women´s experiences of quality of life after myocardial infarction.

    Method

    To study the selected area a literature review was used. It consists of five qualitative and four quantitative studies.

    Results

    Three themes and six sub-themes emerged. The themes were social well-being, a second chance and uncertainty for the future. The sub-themes were support from family and friends, support from health care, hope and meaning with life, a new start, fear and stress.

    Conclusion

    The social network increased quality of life in women as it gave feelings of security, love and belonging. The women discovered that life didn´t consist of work only but contained more meaningful things like helping others and do things they didn´t think they could manage anymore. Many of the women experienced decreased quality of life related to fear of suffering a new myocardial infarction. Information and education should be individualized relevant to the patient´s specific situation

  • 6.
    Albinsson, Birgitta
    et al.
    University West, Department of Nursing, Health and Culture, Divison of Caring Sciences, undergraduate level.
    Bergström, Lena
    University West, Department of Nursing, Health and Culture, Divison of Caring Sciences, undergraduate level.
    Närståendes upplevelser av mötet med personal i hemsjukvården i den palliativa vården2014Independent thesis Basic level (professional degree), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Background:

    Being cared for in your own homes by staff from the home health care the last days of your life has become more common and will probably be gradually expanded. When a person becomes seriously ill, they usually get support from their families.

    Purpose:

    The purpose of this study was to describe the relatives ' experiences of meeting with staff from home care in who is working with palliative care. Three women and two men were interviewed individually in their own homes.

    Method:

    The study was conducted with a qualitative approach, based on Graneheim and Lundman’s content analysis. The analysis resulted in four different conclusions: to feel secure, to feel involved, be able to be at home and to be I good hands.

    Results:

    The study showed that the families think that the attitude and the commitment from the staff to the family and the person being cared for was the most important. The families had a positive experience and felt secure when there was continuity in the home care staff group. Staff with sensitivity and competence for the task was desirable for the relatives. To personally be able to maintain the responsibility to look after the person in need of care, and being involved, was a high priority, this while the support from the home care continued.

    Conclusion:

    It is important that the staff in home health care reflects on their approach when care is provided in the home. Because the staffs are guests and the caretaker and the relatives are hosts. In This study we wanted to highlight the families point of view, which can lead to that the staff have a better attitude and that will give the relatives a higher sense of wellbeing

  • 7.
    Aldegren, Sandra
    et al.
    University West, Department of Nursing, Health and Culture, Divison of Caring Sciences, undergraduate level.
    Mäntylä, Nina
    University West, Department of Nursing, Health and Culture, Divison of Caring Sciences, undergraduate level.
    Icke-farmakologiska metoder för att lindra postoperativ och procedurrelaterad smärta hos små barn2014Independent thesis Basic level (professional degree), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Background:

    Non-pharmacological methods refer to a variety of methods that does not involve the use of drugs but makes the pain more tolerable and makes the child feel more in control. Children and pain has for long been diminished and not enough research has been conducted to find better methods to relieve the common postoperative and procedural pain among children. There is lacking knowledge among nurses about non-pharmacological methods that relieve pain in children. The child’s experience of health care and nurses can be negative by not relieving there pain.

    Aim:

    The aim was to explore the non-pharmacological methods used to relieve postoperative and procedural pain in children, aged 0-5 years.

    Method:

    A literature review was conducted, based on both qualitative and quantitative research. Eleven studies were analysed, critically reviewed and the results were compiled into five categories.

    Results:

    The five categories were distraction, breastfeeding and breast milk, sensory stimulation, pacifier and sucrose and water. The result shows that some non-pharmacological methods are effective in relieving postoperative and procedural pain. Breastfeeding and a combination of sucrose and pacifier were most effective on infants. Parental attendances were also important for the children, all ages to make them feel more secure and safe.

    Conclusion:

    The results showed that distraction methods used on children aged 4-5 years, studied in this literary review, were ineffective. The results showed that non-pharmacological methods such as breastfeeding and a combination of sucrose and pacifier are effective in relieving pain in infants and new-borns

  • 8.
    Alfredsson, Johanna
    et al.
    University West, Department of Nursing, Health and Culture, Divison of Caring Sciences, undergraduate level.
    Andersson, Sandra
    University West, Department of Nursing, Health and Culture, Divison of Caring Sciences, undergraduate level.
    Föräldrars upplevelser av att leva med ett barn med självskadebeteende: en litteraturbaserad studie med grund i analys av kvalitativ forskning2015Independent thesis Basic level (professional degree), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Deliberate self-harm are a growing problem among young people in Sweden. It's not only the child that suffers from the behaviour, even the whole family. Parent´s need the right support from the healthcare staff for their own wellbeing, but also to be able to give good support for their child. Par-ent´s experiences are of importance for the nurse in the healthcare of the child and their families. The aim of this study was to describe parent´s experiences of living with a child with a deliberate self-harm behavior. In this literature study ten qualitative articles were analyzed using the method of Friberg (2012). Eight articles were found by a systematic search and two articles were found in an unsystematic search. This study showed four main themes and ten subthemes. Main themes were parent´s experience of support, parent´s experience of different feelings, parent´s experience of fam-ily relations and parent´s experience of parenting. Subthemes were to experience lack of support from healthcare staff, to need support from the environment, to feel guilt and shame, to feel concern and fear, to experience chock, to communicate with their child, to experience a different relation-ship in the family, to maintain trust in the relationship between parent and child, wanting to protect their child, to feel unsecure in their parenting. Conclusion were that parent´s need better support from the healthcare staff and from others in their environment. Nurses need more knowledge about parent´s experiences to be able to understand their needs and to be able to support them.

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  • 9.
    Ali Omar, Sadiya
    University West, Department of Nursing, Health and Culture, Divison of Caring Sciences, undergraduate level.
    Patienters upplevelser av att leva med hemodialys: en systematisk litteraturstudie2015Independent thesis Basic level (professional degree), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Background

    In Sweden there are almost 1100 people per year who suffer from chronic renal failure. Chronic kidney disease is a serious and progressive disease that causes uremic symptoms. Without proper treatment, the disease can lead to death. The goal of haemodialysis treatment is to improve the patient's quality of life by preventing or alleviating uremic symptoms, as well as slowing down the deterioration of kidney function and possible complications and consequences of kidney failure. Living with haemodialysis involves major physical, psychological and social changes in the patient's life which causes suffering

    Aim

    The aim of this study is to highlight patients' experiences of living with haemodialysis

    Method

    A literature review was performed, based on eight qualitative articles. A content analysis was made according to Friberg's four steps

    Results

    The results show three main themes and eight subthemes which describe the patient's experience of living with haemodialysis. Results show that patients experienced loss of freedom because of the bound and dependence they felt to haemodialysis and the competence of the hospital staff. The treatment also resulted in limitations on the patient's life, which resulted in changes in the physical, psychological and social aspects of the patient's life. To be able to handle the changes, the patients developed different strategies, such as finding strength and faith in religion and the family, and many patients hoped to get a kidney transplant.

    Conclusion

    Nurses have continuous contact with patients in haemodialysis. These patients need physical, psychological, social and existential/ spiritual support. By knowledge and increased understanding of the patient's individual experience of their illness and treatment, the nurses may more easily relieve the patient's suffering, promote health and increase their well-being and create a good healthcare relationship.

  • 10.
    Alsén, Pia
    et al.
    University West, Department of Nursing, Health and Culture, Divison of Caring Sciences, undergraduate level. University West, Department of Health Sciences, Section for nursing - graduate level.
    Brink, Eva
    University West, Department of Nursing, Health and Culture, Division of Advanced Nursing.
    Fatigue after myocardial infarction - a two-year follow-up study2013In: Journal of Clinical Nursing, ISSN 0962-1067, E-ISSN 1365-2702, Vol. 22, no 11-12, p. 1647-1652Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Aims and objectives: To investigate changes in self-reported fatigue and depression from four months to two years following a myocardial infarction, as well as to explore gender differences, identify the incidence of fatigue without coexisting depression and finally predict health-related quality of life at a two-year follow-up. Background: Depression and fatigue are associated with decreased health-related quality of life after myocardial infarction. Although there is a close relationship between fatigue and depression, it has been shown that symptoms of fatigue can occur without coexisting depression. Design: Quantitative and longitudinal design. Methods: Participants (n = 155) were asked to complete the following questionnaires: the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, the Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory-20 (MFI-20) and the Short Form Survey (SF-36) following myocardial infarction (after four months and two years). Descriptive statistics, paired t-tests and multiple regressions were carried out. Results: In the entire group, self-reported fatigue had decreased from four months to two years after myocardial infarction. After two years, 18% of respondents reported depression together with fatigue and 30% reported fatigued without depression. Women scored higher than men on the fatigue dimensions reduced activity, reduced motivation and mental fatigue. Moreover, the physical dimension of health-related quality of life two years after myocardial infarction was predicted by experienced general fatigue at four months. Conclusion: Fatigue with or without coexisting possible/probable depression remains as a significant symptom two years after myocardial infarction in nearly half of the entire group. Relevance to clinical practice: Fatigue is a problem following myocardial infarction. Therefore, systematic screening and early identification of patients experiencing symptoms of depression and fatigue after myocardial infarction are important for suitable care planning. In contemporary coronary care, strategies aimed at relieving fatigue should be developed. ᅵ 2013 Blackwell Publishing Ltd.

  • 11.
    Andersson, Angelica
    et al.
    University West, Department of Nursing, Health and Culture, Divison of Caring Sciences, undergraduate level.
    Olsson, Sara
    University West, Department of Nursing, Health and Culture, Divison of Caring Sciences, undergraduate level.
    Att leva med demenssjukdom: Diagnostiserade personers erfarenheter2015Independent thesis Basic level (professional degree), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Background: As the population is getting older, the number of people with dementia is steadily increasing. This places great demands on nursing staff, both in the treatment and care of these persons. Instead of only focusing on the diagnosis and its symptoms, is important to ensure the individual needs. Aim: The aim of this study was to elucidate diagnosed person's experiences of living with dementia. Method: Ten qualitative articles were analyzed. The analysis resulted in four themes and twelve sub themes.

    Results: The result showed that family, relatives and friends are playing an important role in the quality of life for persons with dementia. Difficulties arose because of the symptoms of the disease, which could lead to social isolation. It was considered paramount to still be able to perform meaningful activities. On the other side the result showed, that both people and the environment were considered as impedimental factors, leading to feelings of lost dignity. The diagnosis could be met through acceptance or denial. This created different types of strategies in daily life. Many times fears arose about the future and the fear of getting worse was often greater than the fear of death.Conclusion: Dementia entails many difficulties and challenges, both for the person with dementia and the surrounding people. It's necessary to adapt both environment and treatment, so that person with dementia can continue to live a normal life as possible. We can achieve this by offer support and help, both physically and psychologically, without offend or cause distress.

  • 12.
    Andersson, Camilla
    et al.
    University West, Department of Nursing, Health and Culture, Divison of Caring Sciences, undergraduate level.
    Mujic Baghernezhad, Kata
    University West, Department of Nursing, Health and Culture, Divison of Caring Sciences, undergraduate level.
    Upplevelser av Nordisk vård ur ett mångkulturellt perspektiv: en litteraturstudie2015Independent thesis Basic level (professional degree), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Background:

    The number of people with foreign background living in the Nordic countries has increased the last few years. This means that healthcare personnel meet more people with different languages, traditions and values.

    Aim: The aim of this study was to highlight experiences of encounters with Nordic health care among people with a foreign background.

    Method:

    The study was a literature study and based on 12 scientific articles, which were analyzed according to Friberg's model of qualitative analysis. The theoretical frame of reference that was used is Leininger's theory of nursing cultural care diversity.

    Result: The data analysis resulted in three themes that illustrated the experiences of Nordic healthcare and people with a foreign background. These themes were: receiving care on equal terms, to feel at home and to feel insecurity.

    Conclusion: Most of the people living in the Nordic countries with a foreign background were pleased with the healthcare, but a few areas were in need of improvement. Communication was always an issue for the individuals who did not speak the same language nor share the same traditions. It was therefore important that the caregivers were willing to be open-minded and work together to resolve cultural differences. It was also important to really observe the patient, to take into consideration the patients´ capacity and resources to help the patient.

  • 13.
    Andersson, Charlotta
    et al.
    University West, Department of Nursing, Health and Culture, Divison of Caring Sciences, undergraduate level.
    Marcusson, Hampus
    University West, Department of Nursing, Health and Culture, Divison of Caring Sciences, undergraduate level.
    Patienters upplevelser av att leva i sitt hem med hjärtsvikt2014Independent thesis Basic level (professional degree), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    In Sweden it is estimated that approximately 150 000 - 250 000 people suffer from heart failure. A better standard of living has made it possible for people to live longer with their health intact. Older age is associated with an increased risk of getting diagnosed with heart failure. It is estimated that some 30 000 people are diagnosed with heart failure each year

  • 14.
    Andersson, Emelie
    et al.
    University West, Department of Nursing, Health and Culture, Divison of Caring Sciences, undergraduate level.
    Johansson, Maria
    University West, Department of Nursing, Health and Culture, Divison of Caring Sciences, undergraduate level.
    Se mig, hör mig, säg mig!: En litteraturstudie om barns upplevelse av att vara patient på sjukhus2013Independent thesis Basic level (professional degree), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Background: For most children, being hospitalized is a whole new experience. The care should be safe and meet the children’s needs. In hospital care, children are a large group of patients. It’s important for them to be involved in decisions regarding their care and to get proper information. Working as a nurse, there’s a high possibility to meet with children being ill. In order to get more knowledge about how children experience their hospital stay this study was conducted.Aim: The aim of the study was to describe children’s experiences of being a patient in hospital.Method: The method used was a literature study, based on qualitative research. Eight articles from the databases Cinahl and PsycInfo read, reviewed and analyzed according to the model for analysis of qualitative studies made by Friberg.Results: Four themes and eleven sub themes were found. Children’s experiences of hospital care revolved around the hospital environment, their emotions, not being in control and the nursing staff.Conclusion: The result shows that children’s different experiences related to their hospital stay often is affected by the ability to have their parents close, to have the opportunity to play and to get the proper information from caring health professionals. Children describe both positive and negative experiences.

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  • 15.
    Andersson, Josefin
    et al.
    University West, Department of Nursing, Health and Culture, Divison of Caring Sciences, undergraduate level.
    Nyve, Petra
    University West, Department of Nursing, Health and Culture, Divison of Caring Sciences, undergraduate level.
    Möjligheter och begränsningar för att uppleva hälsa hos barn med övervikt eller fetma: - En litteraturöversikt2015Independent thesis Basic level (professional degree), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Background:

    More people die from overweight or obesity today than people who die from underweight. It is one of the largest risks for the human health today. Overweight and obesity may lead to diseases such as depression, diabetes type 2, cancer, isolation and cardiovascular diseases. Overweight and obesity among children have increased over the past three decades, and follows often the child from childhood to adulthood. Aim: The aim of this study was to discover the limitations and possibilities to experience health among children with overweight or obesity. Method: A literature review based on ten articles was chosen as method for this study. Through the analysis of the authors, five themes were discovered and created. They included information about the well-being of children, age 4 to 17 years, with overweight or obesity. Results: The themes were; Being teased and exposed to bullying, Expression of thoughts and feelings, Importance of community, Children's views of themselves and The belief in and the ability to live a healthy life. Conclusion: Children with overweight or obesity, had difficulties to experience health. Higher rates of bullying, alienation, anxiety, poor self-image and fear of consequences were found in children with overweight or obesity.

  • 16.
    Andersson, Louise
    et al.
    University West, Department of Nursing, Health and Culture, Divison of Caring Sciences, undergraduate level.
    Lindmark, Erica
    University West, Department of Nursing, Health and Culture, Divison of Caring Sciences, undergraduate level.
    Vårdpersonals upplevelser och erfarenheter av att utföra tvångsåtgärder inom sluten psykiatrisk tvångsvård: En litteraturstudie2013Independent thesis Basic level (professional degree), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Background:

    The adult inpatient psychiatric care is regulated by law and allows certain amount of coercion, most commonly restraint, forced medication and seclusion. To be treated according to this law you need to suffer from a serious mental disorder, oppose to the care and have an indispensable need of care. Many studies describe patients experiences to be treated with coercion but few about health care workers experiences.

    Aim:

    To describe health care workers experiences of performing coercion in psychiatric compulsory care.

    Method:

    A literature review was made and eight articles is the basis for the result.

    Results:

    From the articles used inthis study four themes were created. These are coercions impact on relations, health care workers feelings during coercion, coercion as a necessary evil and health care workers need for reflection. The themes are presented as headlines in the result.

    Conclusion:

    To use coercive measures brings out many different feelings among health care workers. There are both positive and negative aspects about coercive measures, but not enough support and time for reflection for the health care workers that execute them. The health care workers needto be acknowledged and feel that they have made the right decision and that they used coercion as a last resort. The result shows that there is a need for reflection and support among health care workers.

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    Kandidatuppsats Erica & Louise
  • 17.
    Andersson, Lovisa
    et al.
    University West, Department of Nursing, Health and Culture, Divison of Caring Sciences, undergraduate level.
    Olsson, Elvira
    University West, Department of Nursing, Health and Culture, Divison of Caring Sciences, undergraduate level.
    Att vara en annan människa: Upplevelsen av att överleva ett hjärtstopp utanför sjukhus2014Independent thesis Basic level (professional degree), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Background:

    Previous studies conducted on people surviving Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest (OHCA) focus on measuring health and quality of life with instruments, while little is still known about the survivors' individual experiences. To survive an OHCA is a life changing event, affecting the survivors' physical as well as psychological well-being. Aim: The aim was to illuminate the experiences of surviving an OHCA. Method: The method used was a literature review, with searches performed in the database CINAHL. Eight articles were reviewed and analyzed with a qualitative content analysis. Result: The result shows that the physical changes that emerge after a cardiac arrest gives a feeling of not being the same person as before the event. The survivors express a need to fill in the memory gap that occurred during the arrest. There was a need to remain in contact with health care providers during the recovery phase, since the survivors experience loneliness and insecurity when the contact with the health care providers is ceased. To survive an OHCA leads to insight and a deepened reflection about life and death. Conclusion: In consensus with previous studies conducted on the subject, this literature review confirms that the expe-rience of surviving an OHCA is a life changing event. It includes physical and psychological changes as well as the awakening of existential questions. To survive an Out-of-Hospital cardiac arrest means to become another person and the survivors need to receive full support from the health care providers to retain security in a changed life situation

  • 18.
    Andersson, Magdalena
    et al.
    University West, Department of Nursing, Health and Culture, Divison of Caring Sciences, undergraduate level.
    Franzén, Malin
    University West, Department of Nursing, Health and Culture, Divison of Caring Sciences, undergraduate level.
    Föräldrars livsvärld vänds upp och ner: att vara förälder till ett barn med en cancersjukdom2015Independent thesis Basic level (professional degree), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Background:

    About 300 children are diagnosed with cancer disease in Sweden every year. It's not only the child that suffers from the effects of cancer, it´s the whole family. The parents undergo a crisis process which is very important to know for the nurse to be able to understand the reactions that the parents may have and support the family.

    Aim:

    The aim of this study was to describe parents´ experiences of living with a child with a cancer diagnoses.

    Method:

    In this literature study ten qualitative articles were analyzed.

    Results:

    The results of this study showed four different themes, Losing their foothold, Emotionaly shattered, Parents' needs from the surroundings, New life-world.

    Conclusion:

    Parents described that it was an emotional roller coaster that they had to go through when their child was diagnosed with a cancer disease. This study can give a deeper understanding of parents' feelings and how the nurse can provide support, guidance and give a good quality nursing to parents and relatives.

  • 19.
    Andersson, Marcus
    et al.
    University West, Department of Nursing, Health and Culture, Divison of Caring Sciences, undergraduate level.
    Wessman, Viktor
    University West, Department of Nursing, Health and Culture, Divison of Caring Sciences, undergraduate level.
    Faktorer som påverkar följsamheten av egenvård hos personer med diabetes typ 2: Ett patientperspektiv2015Independent thesis Basic level (professional degree), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Diabetes type 2 is a global, growing chronic illness. The treatment primary involves lifestyle changes and self-care concerning food intake and exercise and requires compliance of the self-care treatment from the patient. Previous studies show that there is a lack of compliance from people in the self-care treatment of diabetes type 2.

    Aim: This study aims to explore people with diabetes type 2's perceived factors influencing the compliance of the self-care treatment of diabetes type 2.

    Method: A literature based study with a qualitative approach based on 11 science articles.

    Results: Two themes and four subthemes emerged from the study. The themes Lonely is not always strong and ability to new orientation was found and contained both possibilities and barriers of the compliance in the self-care treatment of diabetes type 2.

    Conclusion: This study shows that social factors and lack of knowledge is barriers of the compliance in the self-care treatment. Support from relatives, friends and nurses, and a feeling of belonging in a social context is important for compliance.

  • 20.
    Andersson, Maria
    et al.
    University West, Department of Nursing, Health and Culture, Divison of Caring Sciences, undergraduate level.
    Inselberg, Katarina
    University West, Department of Nursing, Health and Culture, Divison of Caring Sciences, undergraduate level.
    Att utgå från patienten som person i det hälsofrämjande arbetet: En grupp distriktssköterskors erfarenheter2015Independent thesis Advanced level (professional degree), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Background:

    Health promotion is part of the district nurse's duties and shall be based on an ethical and holistic approach. According to the WHO the focus of care is in favor of a more health-promoting direction and according to Swedish law, health care is based on respect for patient autonomy and strive for the patients to become involved in their care. Still, there is a paternalistic approach in health promotion, although social Board emphasizes that healthcare should be person-centered in order to make the patient more involved.

    Aim:

    To describe the district nurse experience of work in health promotion from the person seeking care in primary care.

    Method:

    The study is a qualitative study. Seven district nurses who worked in primary care for at least one year were interviewed, and the interview text was analyzed with focus on the texts manifest content.

    Results:

    The analysis resulted in an overall theme, To control with a gentle hand, and five main categories, Ensuring the individual, To motivate and reinforce, To work with the person, To know what is best, To feel conflicting emotions, and nine subcategories

    Conclusion:

    Health promotion having a person centered approach differed between the interviewed nurses. Everyone had a keen interest in health promotion but they focused on different aspects. Some nurses focused on their messages to the patients while the interest of the patient's personal wishes not got much room. Paternalist elements were seen in all the interviews. Studies are sought which explore how management in primary care are working to improve the participation of the person seeking care.

  • 21.
    Andersson, Mattias
    et al.
    University West, Department of Nursing, Health and Culture, Divison of Caring Sciences, undergraduate level.
    Björkman, Jenny
    University West, Department of Nursing, Health and Culture, Divison of Caring Sciences, undergraduate level.
    Förebyggande åtgärder mot obstipation: en litteraturbaserad studie Författare:2014Independent thesis Basic level (professional degree), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Constipation is a common problem in all areas of health care and leads to unnecessary suffering for the patient and a decreased wellbeing. This study aims to make a summary of preventative measures as increased fibre intake, massage, and alternate methods which can be used in preventative care by the nurse to prevent constipation and maintain the patient’s wellbeing. Aim: To describe which measures the nurse can use to prevent constipation and maintaining the patient’s wellbeing. Method: A literature-based study based on ten quantative scientific articles. Results: A high fibre diet, abdominal massage, pear juice, lactic acid bacteria, bran and planned nursing interventions are effective in preventing constipation and maintaining the patient’s wellbeing. Conclusion: There are many methods besides laxatives which the nurse can use to prevent constipation and maintain the patient’s wellbeing.

  • 22.
    Andersson, My
    et al.
    University West, Department of Nursing, Health and Culture, Divison of Caring Sciences, undergraduate level.
    Sandblom, Petra
    University West, Department of Nursing, Health and Culture, Divison of Caring Sciences, undergraduate level.
    Våga vilja förändra: Övervikt och fetma – en bestående beteendeförändring2014Independent thesis Basic level (professional degree), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Background:

    Overweight and obesity have become a worldwide epidemic, when people choose to eat and live unhealthy. The epidemic will, according to the researchers to harvest more victims than an epidemic normally do, they believe that more than a million people at risk of dying prematurely of complications from obesity. The nurse responsible for the patient's health and can make use of the method of motivational interviewing as treating methods for patients with obesity. Aim: The aim of this study was to describe the obese patient's road to a lasting behavioral change. Method: A literature review was used to analyze scientific articles related to the subject area. One qualitative- and eight quantitative studies are included in this review. Results: The result is based on the main category, the patient summarizing the seven subcategories, obstacle, consciousness, emotions, food, discipline, physical facility and failure and good results. These categories describe the patient's road to lasting behavioral change. Conclusion: It is the patient who must have the courage to want to change their unhealthy behavior. Seven steps are defined with the result that reflects the patient's path toward a behavior change, the patient must undergo all the seven steps to achieve lasting change

  • 23.
    Andersson, Sara
    et al.
    University West, Department of Nursing, Health and Culture, Divison of Caring Sciences, undergraduate level.
    Backman, Emma
    University West, Department of Nursing, Health and Culture, Divison of Caring Sciences, undergraduate level.
    Vårdpersonals upplevelser av att vårda personer med ätstörningar: En litteraturbaserad studie2015Independent thesis Basic level (professional degree), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Background:

    Eating disorder was a serious health disorder that was mostly common in the western world. An eating disorder meant that a person had an uncontrolled eating behavior and control needs of their weight. It was classified in three groups, Anorexia nervosa, Bulimia nervosa and eating disorder no other specificated.

    Aim:

    Study health professional's experience of caring for persons with an eating disorder.

    Method:

    Ten qualitative articles according to the aim had been analyzed in this literature study.

    Result:

    The result showed two main theme. Theme one was "experience barriers" which included the negative feelings about caring for eating disorders. Theme two was "the experience of developing good relations" which included the positive feelings for the persons with an eating disorder.

    Conclusion

    Caring for persons with an eating disorder aroused a lot of feelings among the healthcare professionals which influenced the care.

  • 24.
    Andersson Solum, Linus
    et al.
    University West, Department of Nursing, Health and Culture, Divison of Caring Sciences, undergraduate level.
    Wallin, Lisa
    University West, Department of Nursing, Health and Culture, Divison of Caring Sciences, undergraduate level.
    Att beskriva personers upplevelser av att lära sig leva med diabetes typ 22015Independent thesis Basic level (professional degree), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Diabetes type 2 is a disease that is getting more common in the society and the numbers of diagnosed people are expecting to grow markedly. Self-care is an important part in the managing of the disease that demands education and guidance so that persons with diabetes type 2 can take control of the disease and achieving a good health. The nurse´s responsibility is to educate the patient so that a good self-care can be pursued.

    Aim: To describe persons experiences of learning to live with diabetes type 2.

    Method: A literature study was carried through based on 11 qualitative scientific articles.

    Results: The analysis resulted in three main themes and six sub-themes that describe the experiences of learning to live with type 2 diabetes from a patient perspective.

    Conclusion: The result shows that persons with diabetes type 2 go through various periods showing the handling of the disease from diagnosis determined until the disease is accepted. Which shows how important it is with the support of health care and the environment.

  • 25.
    Andreasson, Maria
    et al.
    University West, Department of Nursing, Health and Culture, Divison of Caring Sciences, undergraduate level.
    Berglund, Nina
    University West, Department of Nursing, Health and Culture, Divison of Caring Sciences, undergraduate level.
    How nurses at a state health clinic in Namibia work to reduce diarrheal diseases among children under five years of age.: - How do they work preventive and what obstacles are they facing? -2013Independent thesis Basic level (professional degree), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Diarrheal diseases are one of the leading causes in the world that leads to mortality for children under the age of five. A very common factor for an undeveloped country’s lower class is that the access to clean water, sanitation, education and the right nutrition for children are lacking. Part of the nurse profession is to prevent and to make sure that the message is being received by the client in order to reduce sickness.

    Aim: The aim of this study is to find out how nurses at a state health clinic work preventive to reduce diarrheal diseases among children under five years of age and what obstacles nurses are facing in their daily work when giving preventive advice.

    Method: The method used is qualitative research. In depth interviews were conducted with six nurses that lasted 30-45 min.

    Result: To prevent diarrheal diseases the nurses at the state clinic are using a national guideline and they give health education. The obstacles they face in their daily work are communication difficulties due to many different ethnical groups and different languages in the country, poverty and sanitation. Many mothers are working or are infected by HIV and do not want to breastfeed.

    Conclusions: More research should focus on how to give health education to people in society and the connection between nursing education and practice. Preventive work is a relatively cheap way to reduce suffering and make a whole population healthier.

    Keywords: Communication, Hygiene, Namibia, Nursing, Preventive work

    Acknowledgements: We would like to express our sincere gratitude to Sida that gave us a scholarship so we were able to make a minor field study in Namibia.

     

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    Nurses in Namibia
  • 26.
    Andréasson, Anna
    et al.
    University West, Department of Nursing, Health and Culture, Divison of Caring Sciences, undergraduate level.
    Wirheim, Sara
    University West, Department of Nursing, Health and Culture, Divison of Caring Sciences, undergraduate level.
    Psykisk ohälsa hos barn som växer upp hos vårdnadshavare med borderline personlighetsstörning: - en litteraturöversikt2015Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Background:

    It is not unusual that a child grows up with a guardian with mental illness, such as borderline personality disorder. It is important that children grow up in a safe environment where their needs are met. It is known, that when children grow up with a guardian with borderline personality disorder, it can affect their mental health and their social skills. These children are in need of extra care and attention from heath care personal and from the society, but these needs are sometimes not met.

    Aim:

    The aim of this study was to enlighten children's mental health when growing up with a guardian with borderline personality disorder

    Method:

    A literature review based on three quantitative and six qualitative articles was conducted.

    Result:

    Three main themes and six subthemes emerged: Emotional instability, with subthemes Aggressive and avoiding behavior and Fear of abandonment; difficulties in intimate relations with subthemes Bad integration with the guardian and Lack of social interaction; and finally reduced wellbeing with subthemes Depressive symptoms and anxiety and Guilt and shame.

    Conclusion:

    The result show through the study that mothers BPD has a negative impact on children's mental health. This was demonstrated by low self-esteem, low self-control, aggression, separation anxiety, less responsive to their mothers, less integrated with their family, difficulty in social situations. This literature review can help health professionals to gain a greater understanding of how much a guardian with borderline personality disorder actually affects children. Through this understanding, the caregivers can give these children the support they need.

  • 27.
    Andrén, Eva
    et al.
    University West, Department of Nursing, Health and Culture, Divison of Caring Sciences, undergraduate level.
    Carl, Yelena
    University West, Department of Nursing, Health and Culture, Divison of Caring Sciences, undergraduate level.
    Musikens effekter på personer med demenssjukdomar: En litteraturöversikt2015Independent thesis Basic level (professional degree), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Background:

    The rising living standard leads to an increase in age of population. With higher age the risk to develop dementia increase. In 2050 approximately 250 000 people in Sweden are likely to be affected by the dementia. Cognitive failure and irrational behavior is large problem that challenge the care and many of the patients are pharmacological treated.

    Aim:

    The aim of the study was to describe the music's effects on people with dementia.

    Method:

    A systematic literature review study based on twelve articles, both qualitative and quantitative.

    Results:

    Four themes developed and were named, behavior, quality of life, cognitive functions and interactions between caregivers and caretakers. Music's effects can advantageously to break aggressive and agitated behavior as well as other behavioral and psychological symptoms caused by the pathological changes in the brain.

    Conclusion:

    The result showed that music and song had generally positive effects on health, well-being and quality of life and can be an efficient help in caretaking. All types of music had some effect. Individually adapted live music was most effective.

  • 28.
    Angervall, Elwira
    et al.
    University West, Department of Nursing, Health and Culture, Divison of Caring Sciences, undergraduate level.
    Eliasson, Rebecka
    University West, Department of Nursing, Health and Culture, Divison of Caring Sciences, undergraduate level.
    Åtgärder som vidtas för att förhindra spridning av vårdrelaterade infektioner: en litteraturöversikt2014Independent thesis Basic level (professional degree), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Background. Hospital-acquired infections are/is a major problem in health care. In order to reduce the spread of these infections, it is important that health professionals perform basic hygiene practices and precautions. Aim. The aim is to highlight the steps that are taken, in health care, to prevent the spread of hospital-acquired infections in health care. Method. A literature review based on qualitative and quantitative research. Result. The findings show the different measures taken and reported in the following five thematic areas: staff hygiene, protection equipment, environment, isolation and training/responsibility. In these outlines basic hand hygiene, cautions, cleaning and the nurse's responsibility. Conclusion. Healthcare staff is aware of the precautions to be taken but the infections spread anyway. It is located in the nurse's responsibility to engage in a good and safe care with high standards of hygiene, which means to be responsible that the hygiene procedures are followed in the workplace.

  • 29.
    Antonsson, Lisa
    et al.
    University West, Department of Nursing, Health and Culture, Divison of Caring Sciences, undergraduate level.
    Gustavsson, Carolina
    University West, Department of Nursing, Health and Culture, Divison of Caring Sciences, undergraduate level.
    Livet efter organtransplantation: En litteraturbaserad studie om patienters upplevelser2015Independent thesis Basic level (professional degree), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Background: For patients with end-stage organ failure receiving an organ is lifesaving. To be transplanted means a big change and adjustment in life with lifelong medication. The ambition for these patients is to go back and live as normal of life as possible.

    Aim: The aim of this study was to describe patients experiences of being organ transplanted.

    Method: The method used was a literature-based study based on qualitative scientific articles. A total of 9articles were analyzed with a qualitative content analysis.

    Result: After analysis 5 categories emerged; indebted, limitations in daily life, fear of organ rejection, concerns about medicine and a positive attitude to life. It showed that patient´s experiences of being organ transplanted are individual and unique. Some experiences are harder to deal with than others.

    Conclusion: Patients describe both negative as well as positive experiences of being transplanted. They express a need for more knowledge about their condition and a need that health care staff enhance their knowledge and understanding about their unique situation.

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  • 30.
    Aronsson, Lovisa
    et al.
    University West, Department of Nursing, Health and Culture, Divison of Caring Sciences, undergraduate level.
    Svanung, Linda
    University West, Department of Nursing, Health and Culture, Divison of Caring Sciences, undergraduate level.
    Barns upplevelser av stöd vid förälders sjukdom eller död: en litteraturbaserad studie2015Independent thesis Basic level (professional degree), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Background:

    According to previous studies there is little known about children's experiences of support when a parent is seriously ill or dying. Even though children have the right to gain information and support when a parent is seriously ill or dying there has not been extensive study regarding the children´s own experiences. Aim: This study aimed to explore children´s support experiences when a parent becomes ill or dies. Method: A literature review was used to analyze ten qualitative articles. Analyses are made according to Friberg's model. Family-related care is used as a thematic framework throughout the essay. Result: Three themes were found describing children's support experiences: children's support experiences in daily life, children's support experiences from health care professionals and children's own support system. Conclusion: It was found that family and friends constitutes a secure base for the children. The children asked for more information and support to handle stressful situations in family life. Children wish to remove responsibility and continuing being a child.

  • 31.
    Aronsson, Patricia
    et al.
    University West, Department of Nursing, Health and Culture, Divison of Caring Sciences, undergraduate level.
    Hallqvist, Maria
    University West, Department of Nursing, Health and Culture, Divison of Caring Sciences, undergraduate level.
    Livet efter en hjärtinfarkt: En litteraturbaserad studie2015Independent thesis Basic level (professional degree), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Background:

    Myocardial infarction is one of the most common life threatening diseases in Sweden. Those who suffer have many complications both physical and emotional. In effort to help patients with the rehabilitation nurses need to have knowledge about symptoms, strategies and patients sadness.

    Aim:

    The aim of this study was to illustrate patients' experiences to carry on living after a myocardial infarction.

    Method:

    A literature-based method based on ten articles with a quality approach was chosen.

    Results:

    The analysis revealed three categories and eight subcategories: The new me, A second chance, To move on. To not be able to live life to the fullest because of tiredness caused by fatigue created problems for patients after a myocardial infarction. At the same time they felt happiness surviving and each minute where valuable. The nurse played an important role under the first year of the recovery and it was important to receive right information during the rehabilitation process. It was an important goal for the patients to survive the first anniversary after the myocardial infarction.

    Conclusion:

    Fatigue influenced their lives in a negative way and made it difficult to manage. Nurses' awareness of fatigue and how to overcome it was mostly required from patients. Patients had wishes to access information that's easy to understand and strategies that they could use in daily life. Mentors were very helpful and a complement in the rehabilitation process.

  • 32.
    Aronsson, Therese
    et al.
    University West, Department of Nursing, Health and Culture, Divison of Caring Sciences, undergraduate level.
    Besic, Damira
    University West, Department of Nursing, Health and Culture, Divison of Caring Sciences, undergraduate level.
    Triage på akutmottagning: ur ett sjuksköterskeperspektiv2014Independent thesis Basic level (professional degree), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Background:

    2.5 million people each year, is expected to seek care at emergency rooms. In order to make a correct prioritization of care needs of the patient, the nurse use a triage scale. Knowledge and experience shows there are great demands on the nurse.

    Aim:

    The aim of this study was to illustrate the experiences of the nurse, when perform triage.

    Method:

    In order to capture the experience of the nurse, a qualitative literature- based study was chosen. Ten articles was read several times and analyzed by the writers.

    Results:

    The results are presented in three different themes and three subthemes, which all highlights nurses' experience of performing triage in the emergency department. The three themes that emerged were: Communication, assessment and decision making and ability.

    Conclusion:

    Results of the study show that communication, assessment, decision making and nurses ability are important parts, when nurses describes there experience to perform triage at an emergency department. But also to get to practice and to study cases related to performing triage

  • 33.
    Astonson, Emma
    et al.
    University West, Department of Nursing, Health and Culture, Divison of Caring Sciences, undergraduate level.
    Smith, Hanna
    University West, Department of Nursing, Health and Culture, Divison of Caring Sciences, undergraduate level.
    Vad som påverkar sjuksköterskans beslut vid smärtskattning och smärtlindring av barn: En litteraturöversikt2014Independent thesis Basic level (professional degree), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Background

    Pain assessment and pain relief in children has traditionally remained a subject where research has been lacking. In recent years this has changed, but new knowledge about pain in children and how to relieve it still isn’t used in full capacity in clinical practice.

    Aim

    The aim of the review was to assess what’s affecting the nurse’s decision when doing pain assessment and relieving pain in children.

    Method

    A systematic literature overview study based on nine articles, both qualitative and quantitative. The results of the nurse’s decision when doing pain assessment and relieving pain in children were divided in to themes and subthemes.

    Results

    Many things can affect how the nurse decides how to do her pain assessment and the following pain relieving in children. Three themes came up and were named knowledge, organizational structure and attitudes.

    Conclusion

    The nurses need more knowledge about pain and children and how to assess and manage the pain. Guidelines might help nurses make the right decisions when doing pain assessment and relieve pain in children

  • 34.
    Axelsson, Malin
    et al.
    University West, Department of Nursing, Health and Culture, Divison of Caring Sciences, undergraduate level.
    Lötvall, Jan
    Krefting Research Centre, Institute of Medicine, Internal Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg.
    Cliffordson, Christina
    University West, Department of Nursing, Health and Culture, Division of Advanced Nursing.
    Lundgren, Jesper
    Department of Psychology, University of Gothenburg.
    Brink, Eva
    University West, Department of Nursing, Health and Culture, Divison of Caring Sciences, postgraduate level.
    Self-efficacy and adherence as mediating factors between personality traits and health-related quality of life2013In: Quality of Life Research, ISSN 0962-9343, E-ISSN 1573-2649, Vol. 22, no 3, p. 567-575Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Purpose Personality traits are rather stable dispositions inadulthood, while self-efficacy and adherence may bemodified through targeted interventions. Health-relatedquality of life (HRQL) serves as a vital outcome measure.The present aim was to explore the function of self-efficacyand adherence as mediators for the influencing effect ofpersonality traits on HRQL in people with chronic disease.Methods An epidemiological sample of 786 personscompleted questionnaires on personality, general self-efficacy,adherence behaviour and HRQL. Data were statisticallyanalysed using descriptive statistics, correlationanalyses and path models.Results Self-efficacy mediated the effect of Extraversionand Conscientiousness on mental HRQL. Neuroticism hada direct effect on both physical and mental HRQL.Adherence partially mediated the effect of both Agreeablenessand Conscientiousness on mental HRQL.Conclusions The mental HRQL in people scoring low onExtraversion or low on Conscientiousness could beimproved by strengthening general self-efficacy. Increasingadherence in people scoring low on Agreeableness orConscientiousness could improve their mental HRQL, butthe improvement was small and may be of lesser clinicalrelevance. These results argue for personalized interventionsintended to positively affect health outcomes inpeople with chronic disease.

  • 35.
    Axelsson, Malin
    et al.
    University West, Department of Nursing, Health and Culture, Divison of Caring Sciences, undergraduate level.
    Lötvall, Jan
    Krefting Research Centre, Institute of Medicine, Internal Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg.
    Lundgren, Jesper
    Department of Psychology, University of Gothenburg.
    Brink, Eva
    Institute of Health and Care Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg.
    Motivational foci and asthma medication tactics directed towards a functional day2011In: BMC Public Health, E-ISSN 1471-2458, Vol. 11, p. 809-Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background:

    There appears to be an obvious gap between a medical and patient adherence perspective.

    Deviating from a medication prescription could be regarded as fairly irrational, but with respect to patients' goals and/or concerns it could be seen as understandable. Thus, the aim was to elucidate adherence reasoning in relation to asthma medication.

    Methods:

    This was a qualitative study; data collection and analysis procedures were conducted according to Grounded Theory methodology. Eighteen persons, aged 22 with asthma and regular asthma medication treatment, were interviewed.

    Results:

    The emerged theoretical model illustrated that adherence to asthma medication was motivated by three foci, all directed towards a desired outcome in terms of a functional day as desired by the patient. Apromotive focus was associated with the ambition to achieve a positive asthma outcome by being adherent either to the received prescription or to a self-adjusted dosage. A preventive focuswas intended to ensure avoidance of a negative asthma outcome either by sticking to the prescription or by preventively overusing the medication. A permissive focus was associated with unstructured adherence behaviour in which medication intake was primarily triggered by asthma symptoms.

    Conclusions:

    As all participants had consciously adopted functioning medication tactics that directed them

    towards the desired goal of a functional day. In an effort to bridge the gap between a patient- and a medical adherence perspective, patients need support in defining their desired functionality and guidance in developing a person-based medication tactic.

  • 36.
    Axelsson, Marcus
    University West, Department of Nursing, Health and Culture, Divison of Caring Sciences, undergraduate level.
    Erfarenheter av vården hos patienter med HIV2015Independent thesis Basic level (professional degree), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    HIV is a serious infection that leads to AIDS when it's untreated. HIV-epidemic started in the early 80's. Homosexuals became infected and the disease were seen as a "gay-disease". The disease is still today by some seen as a "gay-disease", and affect the patients well-being. The aim of this study was to illuminate experiences of care in patients with HIV. The method was a literature-based study of qualitative scientific articles. The result shows that the patients still experience discrimination and stigmatization. There is a lot of negative attitudes towards the patients, and some health professionals shows a lack of empathy. A lot of the health professionals have a lack of knowledge, and a fear of being contaminated. More knowledge about the diesea, and focus on the patients well-being could make a differens in the patients experiences of care.

  • 37.
    Azzeddine, Anna
    et al.
    University West, Department of Nursing, Health and Culture, Divison of Caring Sciences, undergraduate level.
    Brimark, Mia
    University West, Department of Nursing, Health and Culture, Divison of Caring Sciences, undergraduate level.
    Livet efter en hjärtinfarkt: en litteraturstudie2014Independent thesis Basic level (professional degree), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Heart and vascular disease are the most common causes of deaths in Sweden and in the rest of the world. Myocardial infarction is by far the most frequent cause of death in Sweden. By using modern intervention methods the number of deaths in myocardial infarction has decreased. As a result of this the demands on healthcare will increase. Risk factors for suffering a heart attack are well known and may be affected by a healthier lifestyle. For many patients who have had a heart attack lifestyle changes become a necessary measure to prevent recurrence which leads to many changes in daily life.

    Aim: The aim of this study was to describe patient´s experiences after myocardial infarction.

    Methods: A literature study was made of twelve qualitative studies.

    Results: Four themes were found: Fear, Limitations in daily life, Support from healthcare and relatives and A new chance. After a myocardial infarction the patient finds himself in a state of crisis. Life after myocardial infarction offers limitations concerning physical, psychological and practical abilities. Long time support from healthcare personal and relatives is very important. The majority of the patients were grateful for having received a second chance to go on with their lives.

    Conclusion: A patient who has survived a myocardial infarction must be given full information that he suffers from a life threatening and from a chronical disease. To bring about this understanding it is necessary to adopt a longtime follow up policy from the health care professionals. Relatives and healthcare personal play an important part in supporting the patient. To give the right kind of support the relatives need more knowledge of the disease. Women and men use different methods to cope with the consequences of myocardial infarction

  • 38.
    Baatz Asplund, Catarina
    et al.
    University West, Department of Nursing, Health and Culture, Divison of Caring Sciences, undergraduate level.
    Gustafsson, Lena
    University West, Department of Nursing, Health and Culture, Divison of Caring Sciences, undergraduate level.
    Att identifiera patienters alkoholvanor2015Independent thesis Basic level (professional degree), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Background:

    Alcohol misuse is a growing problem in the world. In Sweden it is estimated that 1 million Swedes have a hazardous use of alcohol and 330,000 suffer from alcohol addiction. Research shows, that high consumption of alcohol is a contributing factor to the extensive sequelae and suffering for the patient and family. Nurses have an important role in working with the prevention of illness and disease. Nurses meet a lot of patients with hazardous use at work and it is important to identify and help these patients. What experiences have nurses to identify patients' drinking habits?

    Aim:

    The aim of the study was to illuminate nurses´ experiences to identify the patients´ drinking habits of alcohol.

    Method:

    A systematic literature study based on eleven articles, including both

    qualitative and quantitative studies was performed.

    Results:

    Most nurses felt that it was an important work to examine patients drinking habits to promote in the health and prevent disease. Nurses' fears came from experienced emotional negative reactions from the patients. Nurses demand more knowledge about alcohol and its difficulties.

    Conclusion:

    Nurses have a certain ignorance to ask patients about their drinking habits. The result is that they feel uncomfortable with taking up the issue and thus cause a lack of health prevention. Many require information, time and a structured workplace. It also appears that the nurses feel a discomfort in talking about alcohol and a fear of offending the patient or intimidation and violence

  • 39.
    Baker, Jay
    University West, Department of Nursing, Health and Culture, Divison of Caring Sciences, undergraduate level.
    Pain and embaressment: Patients' experience of pilonidal disease2015Independent thesis Basic level (professional degree), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Background:

    Pilonidal disease describes the occurrence of a cyst, abscess or sinus tract located near or on the natal cleft of the buttocks that contains hair and skin debris, it affects predominantly men and is notable for affecting relatively young patients (15-35 years) and having long healing time. Aim: This study will create a literature review of patients' experience of their post-surgical wounds after surgery for removal of pilonidal sinus tracts, abscess or cysts. By highlighting issues encountered by patients after surgery this study aims to provide nurses with insight as to the specific needs of this group of patients. Method: Literature review based on scientific articles. Eight articles were selected and analyzed. Articles were searched for in the databases; CINAHL, and Pubmed available through University West. Results: Results of this review formed two distinct categories. Firstly pain was identified as a category, this contained subcategories of; pain due to dressing change, sitting and walking post-operatively, pain and analgesia and post-operative pain due to differing operative technique. Secondly embarrassment was identified as a category, this divided into the subcategories of; embarrassment due to malodour and embarrassment connected to altered body image. Conclusion: Pain and embarrassment during extended healing periods may have a significant effect on a patients' quality of life. As the primary patient contact point due to frequent dressing changes, the nurse has the ability to improve patient experience through a combination of applied practice and patient education to improve personal wound

  • 40.
    Beganovic, Melissa
    et al.
    University West, Department of Nursing, Health and Culture, Divison of Caring Sciences, undergraduate level.
    Sadinmaa Halttu, Sara
    University West, Department of Nursing, Health and Culture, Divison of Caring Sciences, undergraduate level.
    Självskadebeteende: En litteraturöversikt om faktorer som påverkar mötet och bemötandet2014Independent thesis Basic level (professional degree), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Background

    The definition of self-harm is described as a conscious act of harm towards oneself without the intent of suicide. The hospital staffs attitudes are important in the encounter with a patient who self-harms. A negative attitude can increase the self-harm, while a positive attitude can prevent it. Factors that can influence the attitudes of staff and the encounter with a patient who self-harms include respect, understanding and sympathy. Aim The aim of this study was to illuminate factors that influence the encounter with a patient and the attitudes of hospital staff toward people with a self-injurious behavior, when being treated for self-harming or mental illness. Method The study was conducted as a literature review with both qualitative and quantitative articles. Twelve articles were analyzed with a focus on differences and similarities. This resulted in four themes. Results The overall result

    displays factors that influence the encounter and attitudes toward patients whit self-injurious behavior. The first theme discusses the lack of understanding and knowledge. The second theme underlines the staffs lack of genuine interest, sympathy and responsiveness. The third theme highlights the absence of availability and patience among staff. The final theme illuminates the staffs emotional experiences in the encounter with self-injurious patients.

    Conclusion The study reveals a lack of knowledge, education and sympathy among hospital staff towards patients who self-harm. This affects the encounter and the attitudes negatively. More education on the subject is necessary to ensure an improved and effective care

  • 41.
    Beining Dahlgren, Pernilla
    et al.
    University West, Department of Nursing, Health and Culture, Divison of Caring Sciences, undergraduate level.
    Steffenburg Wennberg, Marie
    University West, Department of Nursing, Health and Culture, Divison of Caring Sciences, undergraduate level.
    Faktorer som skapar trygga möten vid smärtsamma procedurer på barn2015Independent thesis Basic level (professional degree), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Background:

    Many children are visiting hospitals and health care institutes daily due to a numerous reasons. A child´s experience of pain has for long time been underestimated. Pain together with anxiety could develop mental and physical worries for future meetings with treatment institutes. To upturn the feasibility when a child meets the health care this essay was written.

    Aim:

    The aim was to enlighten factors which creates reassuring meetings for children in painful treatments.

    Method:

    The method used was a literature study based on qualitative and quantitative research. The databases Cinahl and PubMed has been used as sources. All articles has been reviewed according to Friberg.

    Results:

    The result revealed mutual factors with the three pillars in Katie Erikssons nursing theory "Tend, Play and Learn" which are the bases in the result. It's important to please, gain trust, listen, form confidence, participate, share information and utilize the parents as the comfort zone for the child in the meeting. Through distraction and coping strategies moves the interest to cooperate is activated which significant lower the level of distress and fear.

    Conclusion:

    The nurse could by focusing on the patient during the conversation benefit the child personality, resource and caring need by using the three pillars "Tend, Play and Learn". Together with the child and parents the nurse could create solid ground for a safe and sound meeting during a painful examination.

  • 42.
    Bengtsson, Emma
    et al.
    University West, Department of Nursing, Health and Culture, Divison of Caring Sciences, undergraduate level.
    Svanebjer, Martina
    University West, Department of Nursing, Health and Culture, Divison of Caring Sciences, undergraduate level.
    Upplevelser av att leva med diabetes mellitus typ 1: Ett barn och ungdomsperspektiv2015Independent thesis Basic level (professional degree), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Type 1 Diabetes is a complex disease that the affected have to live with for the rest of their lives. The incidence among children and youth around the world are increasing and appear in increasingly younger ages. Living with a chronic disease like diabetes involves several changes in everyday life in terms of diet, exercise and insulin. It requires careful planning, good knowledge and time to get to know their body and know how to take care of it the best way. For children and young people this may mean additional difficulties when they are already at various stages of development, which can be tough enough. The aim of this study was to highlight children's and adolescence experiences of living with diabetes mellitus type 1. The method used was a qualitative literature-based study. Sixteen scientific articles found from the databases Cinahl and PubMed were included. The analyzed data were described in themes with two or three sub- themes each.

    The result shows the three main themes: The implications of changes in everyday life, Thoughts and emotions and Support. The overall findings show that diabetes in some way changes the childrens and adolescence daily life. The conclusions of this is that children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes may experience changes that can imply restrictions, but also can give strength and self-awareness. Support from the environment can also be considered to have a significant role in how everyday life can be managed.

  • 43.
    Bengtsson, Victoria
    et al.
    University West, Department of Nursing, Health and Culture, Divison of Caring Sciences, undergraduate level.
    Klomp, Sara
    University West, Department of Nursing, Health and Culture, Divison of Caring Sciences, undergraduate level.
    Patienters upplevelser efter att ha fått en cancerdiagnos: En litteraturstudie2014Independent thesis Basic level (professional degree), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Background:

    Receiving a diagnosis of cancer often means suffering for the affected, but if the individual can see some kind of hope in the situation, it is possible to move on. Coping is a matter of adapting to difficult life situations. Promoting health and quality of life are main objectives when it comes to cancer care. The nurse will see and respond to the patient's experience of illness and suffering and have an ethical approach with a holistic approach.

    Aim:

    The aim of the study was to describe patients experiences after receiving a cancer diagnosis.

    Method:

    Qualitative litterature review where twelve articles were analysed regarding similarities and differences. Based on the analysis four main categories and three subcategories were identified.

    Results:

    Experiences of crisis, after receiving a cancer diagnosis, were dominated by anxiety and uncertainty. To reduce the mental stress and find some kind of security and stability the patients felt a need for information and support. How patients were able to accept their situation and move on was dependent on a positive attitude, a desire to live and the ability to maintain their daily routine.

    Conclusion:

    If cancer patients receive appropriate information, at the right times, and various forms of support this will help the individual to find some form of security, stability and hope in the situation

  • 44.
    Berggren, Hanna
    et al.
    University West, Department of Nursing, Health and Culture, Divison of Caring Sciences, undergraduate level.
    Nygren, Emma
    University West, Department of Nursing, Health and Culture, Divison of Caring Sciences, undergraduate level.
    Kvinnors upplevelse av sexualitet efter avslutad behandling av gynekologisk cancer: En litteraturöversikt2014Independent thesis Basic level (professional degree), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Background; Gynecological cancer is a common term for cancer in the female genitals and 2013 there were about 2800 women in Sweden that was diagnosed. This form of cancer and the treatment that is used, affects the sexuality and also the fertility of the women.

    Aim; The purpose with the essay was to illustrate the experience of the sexuality after the treatment of gynecological cancer.

    Method; The method used in the essay was a systematic translation of different literature. Of all the articles used there were eight that was qualitative, two quantitative and one was a combination of both methods. The analytic process was accomplish with the support of the Friberg (2006) analytic method.

    Results; The analysis resulted in two categories; Physical changes after the treatment and the treatments impact on the sexuality of the women. The physical changes that occurred because of the treatment was recurring and it showed that it was primarily surgery that hurt the woman body. It was also shown that the biggest impact that the treatment had on sexuality was pain and reduced desire for sex. And it also showed that sexuality got a new meaning for the women and they found new ways to express their feelings towards their partner.

    Conclusion; It was showed that the sexual experience primarily was affected by the physical consequences that the treatment had and not only because of the cancer itself. And it can because of this conclution be of significance that the nurse focus on the effects of the treatment, like vaginal anatomy and physical and psychological effects to be able to support the womans sexual well-being

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  • 45.
    Berggren, Ingela
    University West, Department of Nursing, Health and Culture, Divison of Caring Sciences, undergraduate level.
    Etisk undran i omvårdnadshandledning2014In: Hermeneutik i vårdpraxis: det nära, det flyktiga, det dolda / [ed] Erna Lassenius & Elisabeth Severinsson, Malmö: Gleerups Utbildning AB, 2014, p. 187-196Chapter in book (Other academic)
  • 46.
    Bergh, Madeleine
    et al.
    University West, Department of Nursing, Health and Culture, Divison of Caring Sciences, postgraduate level.
    Carlson, Elisabeth
    Malmö högskola. Fakulteten Hälsa och samhälle.
    Friberg, Febe
    Sahlgrenska akademin vid Göteborgs universitet.
    Gedda, Birgitta
    University West, Department of Nursing, Health and Culture.
    Häggström, Eva
    University West, Department of Nursing, Health and Culture, Divison of Caring Sciences, undergraduate level.
    Pilhammar, Ewa
    Sahlgrenska akademin vid Göteborgs universitet.
    Pedagogik inom vård och handledning2012 (ed. 2., [rev.] uppl.)Book (Other academic)
  • 47.
    Berglund, Christin
    et al.
    University West, Department of Nursing, Health and Culture, Divison of Caring Sciences, undergraduate level.
    Stake, Emma
    University West, Department of Nursing, Health and Culture, Divison of Caring Sciences, undergraduate level.
    Tillsammans kämpar vi mot cancer som en familj: En litteraturbaserad studie om barns erfarenheter av att ha en förälder med diagnostiserad cancer2015Independent thesis Basic level (professional degree), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Background:

    Every year 3000-4000 children in Sweden loses a parent due to accident and illness which means that every day nine children suffer from losing one of the most important person in their life. Cancer is expected to increase from 14 million to 22 million over the next two decades, in the future it will become increasingly common for nurses to meet a child whose parent has cancer. Aim: The aim of this study was to illuminate children's experiences of having a parent diagnosed with cancer. Method: A literature-based study based on eight articles from the databases Cinahl and ProQuest was chosen, read, reviewed and analyzed according to Friberg's analyzing model. Results: Five themes with 11 sub-themes emerged; "Feeling need of support", "The world turns upside down", "Cancer is equal to death", "Changed outlook on life" and "Putting words into feelings". According to young people's perspective the crisis resulted in a positive way of life. Conclusion: Children's anxiety and fear is the greatest when the parent get the diagnosis and future forecast. It is important to provide a safe support since the children's world is turned upside down.

  • 48.
    Bergqvist Boström, Ewa
    et al.
    University West, Department of Nursing, Health and Culture, Divison of Caring Sciences, undergraduate level.
    Nilsson Wicke, Lena
    University West, Department of Nursing, Health and Culture, Divison of Caring Sciences, undergraduate level.
    Att lyssna är att stödja: Sjuksköterskors erfarenheter av patienter med utmattningssyndrom2015Independent thesis Basic level (professional degree), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Mental illness where fatigue syndrome is one of the diagnoses is an increasing problem. Many persons with fatigue syndrome experience abandonment and do not achieve the help they need and are entitled to. Time for conversation and self-care is an important part of rehabilitation where primary healthcare and occupational healthcare have a prominent role Aim: This study's purpose was to explore what experience that nurses in primary and occupational healthcare had of patients with fatigue syndrome. Method: Eight nurses from primary and occupational healthcare were interviewed using semi-structured questions. The interview material was analyzed using content analysis. Results: A theme listening and two categories gatekeeper and create comprehensibility emerged. All nurses had initially long conversations with the patients, but their experience differed. Some of the nurses told that they were important to the patients and others indicated that they were not working with this patient group. Conclusion: All nurses describes that what they do means that they are listening to the patients at the same time that several of them not explicit express it as a support. That can be interpreted as the relation part of nursing are invisible for the nurses who does not perceive their listening valuable for the patients.

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    fulltext
  • 49.
    Bergström, Emma
    et al.
    University West, Department of Nursing, Health and Culture, Divison of Caring Sciences, undergraduate level.
    Davallius, Johanna
    University West, Department of Nursing, Health and Culture, Divison of Caring Sciences, undergraduate level.
    Upptäckt av kvinnomisshandel: Hinder och möjligheter i vården2015Independent thesis Basic level (professional degree), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Domestic violence is a growing problem. Nurses in emergency departments often meet abused women when seeking healthcare for injuries. The woman often concealed the true reason for seeking medical attention and nurses also avoided asking. Consequently many failed to be discovered and further abuse were at risk. The aim of this literary review was to illuminate the hindrance and possibilities in health care to discover domestic violence. Eleven articles were analyzed. Hindrance to discover domestic violence was attitudes among nurses, lack of knowledge concerning the importance of communication skills and risk factors for domestic violence when enhanced attention was needed. The presence of the partner, feelings of shame and insecurity were also hindrance for the women to tell. There were cultural differences what was considered as domestic violence. There were also lack of resources and time. Guidelines and screening were often absent even though it was an efficient way to discover domestic violence. Education was requested by nurses and improved their sense of security when meeting abused women. Nurses and health care organizations have both an obligation to be updated about and using best practice. In a time of lacking resources it is even more important. Then there are increasing possibilities to discover abused women and be able to give them proper attention. This decreases the risk of further discrimination of abused women in health care.

  • 50.
    Berntsson, Cecilia
    et al.
    University West, Department of Nursing, Health and Culture, Divison of Caring Sciences, undergraduate level.
    Delic, Talita
    University West, Department of Nursing, Health and Culture, Divison of Caring Sciences, undergraduate level.
    Ökad vårdkvalité inom rättspsykiatrin - handledningens förtjänst: En empirisk studie2014Independent thesis Basic level (professional degree), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Earlier research has shown that clinical supervision was beneficial for caregivers within forensic psychiatric care. Clinical supervision enabled caregivers to develop their professional skills, reduce anxiety and conflicts, develop and improve relationships with co-workers and patients. Clinical supervision could be used as a method to develop quality of care. Clinical supervision seemed to have a positive effect on nursing care, although some reasearchers claimed that more empirical studies were needed to evaluate the positive effects of clinical supervision. The aim of this study was therefore to examine in what way clinical supervision of caregivers inpacts the care and the quality of care in forensic psychiatric units. An empirical study with qualitative semi-structured interviews was preformed. Data regarding the experience of clinical supervision and clinical supervisions' inpact on care and quality of care was analysed by the means of qualitative analysis. By this analysis six themes were identified. The result of the study indeed shows that clinical supervision is beneficial for caregivers and their professional skills. The result also shows that clinical supervision could benefit inpatient relationships, inpatient care and improve the co-operation in the staff group. The study shows that for example trust, communication, empathy and acceptance could improve by clinical supervision, but the result also shows that some of interwievees thought that these elements of care were not effected by clinical supervision in any way. These elements were seen as basics of the care. Thus the different thoughts of clinical supervision, the study shows that clinical supervison has a positive effect on the quality of care.

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