This thesis is the final assignment of the education Electric Power Technology at University West. The purpose of the thesis was to create drawings of the electrical and communication system for the construction of a new apartment building in Trollhättan. 

The work has been done in programs such as MagiCAD for the construction of the drawings, El-Vis to help with the choice of cables, DIA-Lux to do a study of what lights to choose and Bluebeam Revu to review the drawings. The project has followed the customers description and the Swedish standards SS 437 01 02, SS 436 40 00 and Bygghandlingar 90. This means that the project fulfills the requirement of good electrical safety practice.

The work resulted in drawings for twenty apartments, outdoor corridors, basement with garage, the technical room, the garden environment and miscellaneous buildings. The drawings contain information about ducting, lighting, power, communication, access control, fire alarms, list of light fixtures, list of distribution circuits in the whole building, list of the network in the whole building and a single-line diagram. The building has a calculated power draw of 102 kW and is connected with a AXQJ 4x95/29mm2cable and is secured by a 160A fuse. The apartments are connected with a FQQ 5G6 cable, and so is the elevator in the building. The electric car chargers and other miscellaneous equipment in the building are connected with EQLQ cable. The garage is illuminated by eight light fixtures that are 1200 mm long, a rated power of 35 W and a color temperature of 4000 Kelvin.

Results in projects like this can vary depending on how a person interprets the standards and the customers description and needs. The project was completed within the timeframe, approved for use and is considered to fulfill the requirement of good electrical safety practice. 

Building information modelling is gradually being recognised by the architecture, engineering, construction, and operation industry as a valuable opportunity to increase the efficiency of the built environment. Focusing on the wood construction industry, BIM is becoming a necessity; this is due to its high level of prefabrication and complex digital procedures using wood sawing machines and sophisticated cuttings. However, the full implementation of BIM is still far from reality. The main objective of this paper is to explore the barriers affecting BIM implementation in the Swedish construction industry. An extensive literature review was conducted to extract barriers hindering the implementation of BIM in the construction industry. Secondly, barriers to the implementation of BIM in the wood construction industry in Sweden were extracted using the grounded theory methodology to analyse expert input on the phenomenon of low BIM implementation in the wood construction industry in Sweden. Thirty-four barriers were identified. The analysis of this study also led to the development of a conceptual model that recommended solutions to overcome the barriers identified to help maximise BIM implementation within the wood construction industry. Identifying the main barriers affecting BIM implementation is essential to guide organisational decisions and drive policy, particularly for governments that are considering articulating regulations to expand BIM implementation. 

Several recent studies show that 30-40% of climate impact on a global level is from the real estate industry. According to IVA there is a risk of that number rising to 50% by 2050. In 1993 John Gray developed a method to calculate how much of the floor area in an office space that is actually occupiable. The purpose of the studiy is to develop Grays method so that it includes area efficiency, climate impact and costs (we call this addition Area, Cost, Environment, ACE). The method is relatively unknown in Sweden and, therefore, the second purpose of the study is to raise awareness of the Building Loss method and concept.

The new method is developed from a study case, office space Svea. Svea is chosen to represent the most common type of office in Sweden. Grays method is also translated to Swedish and thoroughly explained. The climate impact is calculated from average values of district heating regarding carbon dioxide, nitric oxide, sulfur dioxide, dust and particle emissions

The cost for Svea is calculated for operation and maintenance during one year. The costs are based on Repab Fakta books that publishes updated key figures for operation and maintenance in office spaces every year.

Two interviews have been held with people who have great knowledge in the real estate industry and is considered to benefit from a method like in this study. The interviews gave answers to what need they thought existed for a method like this.

The study's results have been analyzed and discussed from different points of view. The result shows that there is a lack of knowledge about Building loss today in Sweden. The large consequences that Building loss results in demonstrate that there is an unspoken need for this type of method in Sweden. Furthermore, it has been established that Sweden may need to introduce Building loss as a standard like ASTM in Canada and the USA for the previously mentioned reasons, but also to prolong the service life of a building.

PROBLEM: The current knowledge of evidence-based design for adults is not always implemented when hospital buildings are designed. Scientific data are sparse on the effects of hospital design in pediatric settings on health outcomes in children, parents, and staff. The objective of this review is to determine the evidence-based impact of the built environment in pediatric hospital facilities on health outcomes in children, parents, and staff.

ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA: A systematic literature review was carried out on the electronic databases Cochrane Library, Embase, Medline and CINAHL from the period of 2008 to 2019. The review considered studies using either quantitative, qualitative, or mixed methodologies.

SAMPLE: Out of 1414 reviewed articles the result is based on eight included articles.

RESULTS: Two of these eight articles included health outcomes. The other six articles presented results on measures of perceptions and/or satisfaction for children, parents or staff with the built environment when transitioning to a new or renovated facility. These were generally higher for the new compared to the old facility.

CONCLUSIONS: Given the small number of studies addressing the question posed in this review, no firm conclusions can be drawn.

IMPLICATIONS: The review illustrates the need for more research in the pediatric setting assessing the evidence-based health outcomes of aspects of physical environmental design in pediatric hospitals or units in children, parents and staff.