Sexual health is a neglected topic in prisons, even though sexual health is a basic human need that includes physical, mental, social and spiritual aspects. There is limited knowledge concerning how to promote and sustain the sexual health of prisoners. The aim of this study was to increase knowledge of sexual health promotion as a health resource in prisons. By conducting a scoping review, we searched for sexual health-promoting activities, approaches or experiences from prisons globally. The findings included sexual health interventions covering conjugal visits and sexual health promotion through education and collaboration. There are connections between mental health and sexual health for prisoners, and sexual health also influences quality of life. In conclusion, it is evident that there is a significant imperative for further research, interventions and measures in this domain to ensure holistic rehabilitation for prisoners.