Electron beam-powder bed fusion (EB-PBF) is a process that uses a highly intense electron beam to melt metallic powders to create parts. In comparison to a conventional process, EB-PBF is more efficient at producing customized and specific parts in industries such as aerospace, space, and medical. Additionally, the EB-PBF process is used to manufacture highly complex parts for which other technologies would be prohibitively expensive or difficult to apply; increased geometric complexity does not necessarily imply increased cost. However, because the interaction of the electron beam with the powder and substrate material is complex, a high level of knowledge is required to master the skill of producing structurally sound components. This chapter discusses crucial features of the process parametermicrostructure-defect relationship that must be taken into Electron beam-powder bed fusion (EB-PBF) is a process that uses a highly intense electron beam to melt metallic powders to create parts. In comparison to a conventional process, EB-PBF is more efficient at producing customized and specific parts in industries such as aerospace, space, and medical. Additionally, the EB-PBF process is used to manufacture highly complex parts for which other technologies would be prohibitively expensive or difficult to apply; increased geometric complexity does not necessarily imply increased cost. However, because the interaction of the electron beam with the powder and substrate material is complex, a high level of knowledge is required to master the skill of producing structurally sound components. This chapter discusses crucial features of the process parametermicrostructure-defect relationship that must be taken into account in order to generate sufficiently sound builds of highperformance materials employing EB-PBF.