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Erfarenheter av att vara frihetsberövad inom kriminalvård och rättspsykiatri: An integrative literature study.
University West, Department of Health Sciences.
University West, Department of Health Sciences.
2022 (Swedish)Independent thesis Advanced level (professional degree), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesisAlternative title
Experiences of being deprived of liberty in prison and probation service and forensic psychiatric care : An integrative literature study. (English)
Abstract [sv]

Bakgrund: Som påföljd av ett brott kan en domstol besluta att en person ska berövas sin frihet. I Sverige kan personen dömas till fängelse alternativt rättspsykiatrisk vård om personen bedöms ha en allvarlig psykisk störning. I vissa andra länder placeras samtliga dömda personer i fängelse oavsett om de anses ha en allvarlig psykisk störning eller ej. Det finns många aspekter har inverkan på erfarenheten av frihetsberövandet, exempelvis bakgrund, hälsotillstånd och resurser. Personer som är frihetsberövade har ofta högre grad av psykisk ohälsa än övrig population. 

Syfte: Syftet var att belysa personers erfarenhet av att vara frihetsberövad inom kriminalvård och rättspsykiatri.

Metod: En integrativ litteraturöversikt genomfördes genom systematisk sökning i databaserna Cinahl, PsycInfo och Sociology Source Ultimate och ostrukturerad sökning i grå litteratur. Sökningen resulterade i elva artiklar och en rapport som ligger till grund för den här studiens resultat.

Resultat: Resultatet visade på att personer som befinner sig frihetsberövade upplever ökad psykisk ohälsa. Den vanligaste symtombilden var nedstämdhet, depressiva symtom, självdestruktivitet, oro och ångest. Tecken på psykisk ohälsa vara framträdande till trots att personen ej upplevt psykisk ohälsa innan frihetsberövandet och personer som sedan tidigare har psykiatrisk problematik upplevde en tydlig försämring i redan existerande psykisk ohälsa. Många personer rapporterade upplevelser av begränsning, minskad egenmakt och känslan av att fråntas sitt sammanhang. Några faktorer sågs dock göra vistelsen som frihetsberövad värdefull. Aktiviteter, tydliga mål och goda relationer belystes särskilt som skyddande faktorer för psykisk ohälsa. De personer som hade ett proaktivt förhållningssätt och en positiv inställning kunde uppleva känslor av tacksamhet, glädje och hoppfullhet och sågs klara av isoleringen som frihetsberövandet innebar med färre symtom på psykisk ohälsa. 

Slutsats: Att vara frihetsberövad är en riskfaktor i sig självt för psykisk ohälsa. Personer som är frihetsberövade är en sårbar grupp och bör behandlas på ett sätt som främjar hälsa. Ett salutogent, personcentrerat arbetssätt är att föredra för att minska den negativa effekten av frihetsberövandet.

Abstract [en]

Background: As a result of a crime, a court can decide that a person should be deprived of his or her liberty. In Sweden, the person can be sentenced to prison, or forensic psychiatric care, if the person is judged to have a serious mental disorder. In some other countries, all convicted persons are imprisoned regardless of whether they are considered to have a serious mental disorder or not. There are many aspects that affect the experience of deprivation of liberty, such as background, health status and resources. People who are deprived of their liberty often have a higher degree of mental health issues than the rest of the population.

Aim: The aim of this study is to illuminate patients´experiences of being deprived of their liberty in prison and probation service and forensic psychiatric car

Method: An integrative literature study was conducted through a systematic search within the databases of Cinahl, PsycInfo and Sociology Source Ultimate and an unstructured search in gray literature. The search resulted in eleven articles and a report, that forms the basis of the results of this study.

Results: The results were consistent with previous research and show that people who are detained experience increased mental illness. The most common symptoms were depression, depressive symptoms, self-destructiveness, anxiety and distress. In several studies, signs of mental illness could be prominent despite the fact that the person did not experience mental illness before the deprivation of liberty. Also, people who already have psychiatric problems experienced a clear deterioration in already existing mental illness. Many people reported experiences of limitation, diminished autonomy and the feeling of being taken out of context. However, some factors were seen to make the stay as detained valuable. Activities, clear goals and good relationships were highlighted in particular as protective factors for mental illness. The people who had a proactive- and a positive attitude could experience feelings of gratitude, joy and hopefulness and were seen coping with the isolation that deprivation of liberty entails with fewer symptoms of ill health.

Conclusion: Being deprived of liberty is a risk factor in itself for mental illness. People who are deprived of their liberty are a vulnerable group and should be treated in a way that promotes health. A salutogenic, person-centered approach is preferable to reduce the negative effects of deprivation of liberty.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
2022. , p. 30
Keywords [en]
Deprivation of liberty, experience, mental health, salutogenesis
Keywords [sv]
Erfarenhet, frihetsberövande, psykisk hälsa, salutogenes
National Category
Nursing
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:hv:diva-19044Local ID: EXS801OAI: oai:DiVA.org:hv-19044DiVA, id: diva2:1687106
Subject / course
Nursing science
Educational program
Specialist nursing programme
Supervisors
Examiners
Available from: 2022-08-15 Created: 2022-08-13 Last updated: 2022-08-15Bibliographically approved

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