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Är fastighetsmäklarbranschen i farozonen för negativ arbetshälsa?: En kvantitativ studie om hur psykisk arbetshälsa påverkas av lön, belöning och motivation
University West, School of Business, Economics and IT.
University West, School of Business, Economics and IT.
2022 (Swedish)Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesisAlternative title
Is the Real Estate Industry in Danger of Resulting in Negative Work Health? : A Quantitative Study of How Mental Health at Work is Affected by Salary, Reward and Motivation (English)
Abstract [sv]

Fastighetsmäklarbranschen kantas av hög personalomsättning, vilket kan ses som en signal på en stressig arbetsmiljö. Dessutom har branschen ett utpräglat system där prestationsbaserad lön i form av provision förekommer i stor utsträckning. Enligt tidigare forskning är stress en indikator på en ohälsosam arbetshälsa, vilken i sin tur påverkar motivationen att prestera. Med denna utgångspunkt sågs behovet att utforska fastighetsmäklarnas arbetssituation vilket ledde till studiens syfte: att bidra med kunskap om hur fastighetsmäklare i Sverige upplever sin arbetshälsa utifrån lön, belöning och motivation, samt att undersöka vilken betydelse dessa faktorer har för prestationen.

En kvantitativ metod med tvärsnittsdesign användes. Datainsamlingen genomfördes genom en webbenkät som utformats delvis med hjälp av Effort Reward Imbalance-modellen (ERI-modellen), samt beprövade mätinstrument för att mäta motivation. Den teoretiska utgångspunkten i studien var att olika typer av lön och belöning, samt inre och yttre motivation kan påverka medarbetares mående både positivt och negativt. ERI-modellen kan mäta stress i arbetssituationen genom att identifiera om det föreligger en obalans mellan en individs ansträngning och belöning, samt om överengagemang föreligger. 

Studiens resultatkapitel påvisar att fastighetsmäklare är en stressad yrkesgrupp. Genom att analysera den sammanställda datainsamlingen med hjälp av studiens teoretiska referensram landade diskussionen i ett antal slutsatser. En slutsats var att minoriteten av fastighetsmäklarna upplever en negativ obalans i kombination med högt överengagemang, samt att de löper stor risk för negativ arbetshälsa. Studiens resultat visade även att typ av löneform inte har påverkan på stressnivån. Vidare drogs slutsatsen att ickemonetär belöning har störst positiv betydelse för stressnivån bland de som har provisionslön. Ytterligare en slutsats var att mäklare generellt drivs mer av inre motivation än yttre motivation, vilket är positivt då inre motivation bidrar till bättre arbetshälsa. Slutligen konstaterades att mäklare är motiverade och kan prestera väl trots den stressiga arbetssituationen.

Abstract [en]

The real estate industry has a high level of staff turnover, which can be a sign of a stressful environment at work. In addition, the industry has a distinct system where performance based remuneration in the form of commission occurs to a large extent. According to previous research, stress is an indicator of poor work health, which in turn affects the motivation to perform. Considering this, the purpose of this study was to examine how real estate agents in Sweden experience their occupational health based on salary, reward and motivation, and to examine what significance these factors have for their performance.

A quantitative method with cross-sectional design was used. The collection of data was carried out through a web survey which was partially designed by using the Effort Reward Imbalance model (ERI-model), as well as evidence-based tools for measuring motivation. The theoretical starting point of the study was that different types of salary and rewards, as well as intrinsic and extrinsic motivation can affect employees' well-being both positively and negatively. The ERI-model can measure stress in the work situation by identifying whether there is an imbalance between a person’s effort and reward, and whether overcommitment occurs.

The results of the empirical data showed that real estate agents are a group that suffers from work-related stress. By analyzing the compiled data collection, using the theoretical framework of the study, the discussion resulted in several conclusions. One of the conclusions was that a minority of the real estate agents experience a negative imbalance in combination with a high level of overcommitment. Consequently, they run a high risk of negative work health. The results of the study also showed that the type of salary does not influence the stress level. Moreover, it was concluded that non-monetary rewards are the most important factor to reduce stress among those who have commission pay. Another conclusion was that real estate agents are generally more driven by intrinsic motivation than extrinsic motivation, which is positive because intrinsic motivation contributes to better work health. Finally, it was found that real estate agents are highly motivated and can perform well despite their stressful work environment

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
2022. , p. 40
Keywords [en]
Work health, stress, effort, monetary reward, non-monetary reward, overcommitment, salary, intrinsic motivation, extrinsic motivation, performance, real estate agent, ERI-model
Keywords [sv]
Arbetshälsa, stress, ansträngning, monetär belöning, icke-monetär belöning, överengagemang, lön, inre motivation, yttre motivation, prestation, fastighetsmäklare, ERI-modell
National Category
Business Administration
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:hv:diva-18699Local ID: EXC517OAI: oai:DiVA.org:hv-18699DiVA, id: diva2:1676729
Subject / course
Business administration
Educational program
Ekonomprogrammet
Supervisors
Examiners
Available from: 2022-07-14 Created: 2022-06-27 Last updated: 2022-08-15Bibliographically approved

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