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Sambandet mellan antisocialt beteende, aggressivitet och substansbruk hos svenska gymnasieelever
University West, Department of Health Sciences.
University West, Department of Health Sciences.
2022 (Swedish)Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesisAlternative title
The association between antisocial behavior, aggression and substance use among Swedish high school students (English)
Abstract [sv]

Bakgrund: Omfattande forskning har försökt undersöka riskfaktorer till antisociala och/eller aggressiva, normbrytande beteenden hos ungdomar. Tidigare studier bekräftar biologiska, psykosociala och epigenetiska faktorer som bidragande. Det empiriska fokuset har även riktat in sig på att förstå den samverkan som råder mellan riskfaktorerna för att kunna predicera antisocialt, normbrytande beteende. Det finns därmed stöd som erkänner att riskbeteenden hos ungdomar påverkas av ett multidimensionellt samspel.

Syfte: Syftet med studien var (1) att utforska relationen mellan antisocialt beteende, substansbruk och aggressivitet hos svenska gymnasieelever; samt (2) undersöka om det förekommer specifika könsskillnader. Syftet var även att analysera hur starkt kön, substansbruk och aggressivitet kan predicera ett antisocialt beteende. 

Metod: Datainsamlingen gjordes i Sverige mellan oktober 2020 och februari 2021 genom Facebook, Instagram och i kontakt med skolor. Totalt svarade 1607 svenska gymnasieelever (15-19 år) på den elektroniska enkäten. Instrumenten som använts i studien är Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT), Drug Use Disorders Identification Test (DUDIT) och Adolescent Adapted Life History of Aggression (AA-LHA)-subskalor.

Resultat: Resultatet bekräftade en låg frekvens av riskbeteenden hos både manliga och kvinnliga svenska gymnasieelever. Alkoholanvändning och frekvensen av aggressiva handlingar skilde sig inte åt mellan könen, medan manliga elever signifikant (liten effektstorlek) oftare rapporterade antisocialt beteende och droganvändning än de kvinnliga eleverna. Manliga elevers droganvändning var måttligt associerad med nivån på deras antisociala beteenden. Aggressivitet var den starkaste prediktorn för antisocialt beteende, medan kön inte förutspådde det.

Konklusion: Resultatet visar att könsskillnaderna avseende riskbeteenden hos svenska ungdomar minskar. Fokus på metoder som lär ut självkontroll av aggressivt beteende kan vara den mest effektiva preventionen för ungdomars normbrytande beteende.

Abstract [en]

Background: Extensive research investigated risk factors and their interaction to be able to predict and prevent antisocial, norm-breaking behavior in adolescents. According to the newest theories biological, psychosocial, and epigenetic factors concertedly contribute to the development of antisocial behavior. There is thus support, that recognizes that risk behaviors in young people are affected by a multidimensional interaction.

Aim: The aims of the study was (1) to explore the relationship between antisocial behavior, substance use and aggression in male and female Swedish high school students; and (2) to analyze if and how strongly gender, substance use, and aggression can predict antisocial behavior.

Method: The data collection was performed in Sweden between October 2020 and February 2021, utilizing social media and direct contact with schools. A total of 1607 students (ages between 15-19 years old) responded to an electronic survey. In the present study responses on the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT), the Drug Use Disorders Identification Test (DUDIT) and the Adolescent Adapted Life History of Aggression (AA-LHA) were analyzed. 

Results: The results confirmed a low frequency of risk behaviors in both male and female Swedish high school students. Alcohol use and the frequency of aggressive acts did not differ between genders, while male students significantly (small effect size) more often reported antisocial behaviors and drug use, than their female counterparts. Male students drug use was moderately associated to the level of their antisocial behaviors. Aggression was the strongest predictor of antisocial behavior, while gender did not predict it.

Conclusion: The results show that gender differences regarding risk behaviors in Swedish adolescence are reduced. Care facilities’ focus on methods that teach self-control and attenuation of aggressive behaviors in adolescents may be the most effective prevention of their norm-breaking behavior.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
2022. , p. 35
Keywords [en]
Adolescent, aggression, alcohol use, antisocial behavior, drug use, gender difference, risk behavior, Sweden
Keywords [sv]
Aggression, alkoholanvändning, antisocialt beteende, droganvändning, könsskillnad, riskbeteende, Sverige, ungdomar
National Category
Psychiatry Social Work
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:hv:diva-18496Local ID: EVX500OAI: oai:DiVA.org:hv-18496DiVA, id: diva2:1669885
Subject / course
Social work
Educational program
Socialpsykiatrisk vård
Supervisors
Examiners
Available from: 2022-06-17 Created: 2022-06-15 Last updated: 2022-06-17Bibliographically approved

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