In this chapter, the theoretical framework of the salutogenic model of health is described, with special focus on the key concepts and reflection on the ontological and epistemological background of the health model, which so far is little explored and described. Essential in the salutogenic model of health is the understanding of health as a process in a continuum, the health ease/dis-ease continuum. This is described and explained in the chapter. Some evidence of the relationship between sense of coherence (SOC) and health is presented.