Background The BRCA mutation is the most common cause of hereditary breast cancer. To reduce the risk of developing cancer prophylactic surgery can be performed. The procedure involves major changes for the woman which can lead to anxiety. Some women choose surgery and others do not. The nurse needs to provide support for women in their decision-making regarding prophylactic surgery.

Aim The aim of this literature based study was to describe what influences women's decision making towards prophylactic surgery in BRCA 1 or 2.

Method The method used in this literature study was analysis of qualitative scientific articles. Twelve qualitative articles were used for the result which was analysed in five step model.

Results The results of this study show the factors that influence women in their decision about prophylactic surgery. Two main themes emerged: Personal factors and Environmental factors. In addition, four sub-themes were formed: Emotions in relation to screening and prophylacticsurgery, Emotions towards a changed body, The family and relatives' significance for decisions and The need for information and support in decisions. Conclusion The prophylactic surgery affects the woman through life and is a decision that is difficult to make. Several life-determining factors influence the decision. It is important that the nurse has knowledge of these factors to be able to support the women.