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Viktoptimering av maskinrummet på lastfartyg: En studie i topologioptimering för dagens sjöfart
University West, Department of Engineering Science, Division of Industrial Engineering and Management, Electrical- and Mechanical Engineering.
University West, Department of Engineering Science, Division of Industrial Engineering and Management, Electrical- and Mechanical Engineering.
2018 (Swedish)Independent thesis Basic level (professional degree), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesisAlternative title
Weight optimization of the engine room on cargo ships (English)
Abstract [sv]

Examensarbetet hade två syften. Det första var att undersöka huruvida maskinrummet i de lastfartyg Fartygskonstruktioner AB konstruerar var överdimensionerade jämfört med relevanta regelverk. Det andra syftet var att redovisa hur topologioptimering kan användas för att reducera vikten av maskinrummet.

För att identifiera maskinrummets dimensioner granskades ritningar på två lastfartyg konstruerade av Fartygskonstruktioner AB. Dimensionerna jämfördes sedan mot regelverk från Det Norske Veritas Germanischer Lloyd och Bureau Veritas samt rekommendationer från motorleverantörer. Granskningen bekräftade att bottenstockarna var överdimensionerade. Examensarbetet fokuserade av den orsaken på att reducera vikten på bottenstockarna och de närliggande strukturkomponenterna.

En tredimensionell modell av området skapades för att möjliggöra optimering och numeriska analyser. En finita elementanalys genomfördes för att undersöka maximala effektivspänningar. Spänningarna i maskinrummets struktur innan topologioptimering beräknades till 6 MPa jämfört med 282 MPa vilket enligt Det Norske Veritas Germanischer Lloyd var den lägsta tillåtna maximala effektivspänningen.

Topologioptimeringens resultat visade hur utformningen av bottenstockarna, motorfundamentet och strukturen under huvudmotorn modifierades i syfte att reducera vikten av maskinrummet. Bottenstockarna ersattes med struktur som liknade stöttor. Motorfundamentet förändrades genom att den tvärgående strukturen delvis eliminerades och strukturen mellan huvudmotorn och växel inklusive koppling togs bort. De hål som var placerade i strukturen under motorfundamentet erhöll en ökad omkrets. Strukturens vikt reducerades med 38 % vilket motsvarade 19 ton.

Abstract [en]

The purpose of this bachelor thesis was twofold. First, to investigate whether or not the engine room in cargo ships constructed by Fartygskonstruktioner AB contained dimensions that exceed relevant acquis. Secondly, to give a proposal on how topology optimization could be used to reduce the overall weight of the engine room.

In order to identify the dimensions of the structure in the engine room a review of drawings was conducted of two different cargo ships constructed by Fartygskonstruktioner AB. These dimensions were compared to acquis from Det Norske Veritas Germanischer Lloyd and Bureau Veritas as well as recommendations from the engine manufacturer. The review confirmed that the floors were oversized. Therefore, the thesis focused on reducing the weight of the floor and the surrounding structure.

A three-dimensional model of the structure was created in order to make optimization and numerical calculations possible. A finite element analysis was conducted in order to investigate the maximum equivalent stresses. The stresses for the structure in the engine room before topology optimization were calculated to 6 MPa in contrast to 282 MPa which according to Det Norske Veritas Germanischer Lloydand were the lowest allowed maximum equivalent stress.

The result of the topology optimization showed how the formulation of the floors, engine foundation and the structure below the main engine could be modified in order to reduce the weight of the engine room. The floors were replaced by structure closely resembling props. The engine foundation was altered in such a way that the transverse structure was partly eliminated and the structure between the main engine and the gear including the clutch was removed. The holes that were placed in the structure below the engine foundation attained an increased circumference. The weight of the structure was therefore reduced by 38 % which corresponded to 19 ton.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
2018. , p. 44
Keywords [sv]
maskinrum, lastfartyg, konstruktion
National Category
Mechanical Engineering
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:hv:diva-12444Local ID: EXM502OAI: oai:DiVA.org:hv-12444DiVA, id: diva2:1213922
Subject / course
Mechanical engineering
Educational program
Maskiningenjör
Supervisors
Examiners
Available from: 2018-06-14 Created: 2018-06-05 Last updated: 2018-06-14Bibliographically approved

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