The original longer versions (Forsman & Johnson, 1996) and abbreviated versions of the Basic and Earning Self-Esteem Scales have been used in clinical and non-clinical settings, but little is known about the factor structure and the validity of these scales in their abbreviated forms. The original longer versions of the scales comprise several dimensions, but both abbreviated versions of the scales have been interpreted as if they were 1D. The abbreviated versions of the Basic and Earning Self-Esteem Scales have been translated into Polish from Swedish and administered to 175 students (103 female; mean age = 22.7 years, SD = 3.3 years) studying management at the Gdansk University of Technology. The aim of the present study was to investigate the factor structure and the validity of the abbreviated versions of the scales. We were also interested in the differences between women and men. Exploratory factor analyses identified one dimension of the Basic Self-Esteem Scale, compatible with Rosenberg’s et al. (1995) and Rogers’ (1951) concepts. We identified two components (High Ambition and Others’ Appraisal) of the Earning Self-Esteem Scale, similar to the original longer version. Convergent and discriminant validity proved to be theoretically solid. The abbreviated versions of the Basic and Earning Self-Esteem Scales are appended. Further research on these scales involving other groups is needed, as is further development of these self-esteem scales for adults. Evidence of the derived factors’ internal consistency and of the convergent and discriminant validity suggests that the factor structure and the reliability of the abbreviated versions of psychological tools need to be investigated.