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Investigation of laser metal deposited Alloy 718 onto an EN 1.4401 stainless steel substrate
University West, Department of Engineering Science, Division of Welding Technology. (PTW)ORCID iD: 0000-0002-1472-5489
University West, Department of Engineering Science, Division of Welding Technology. (PTW)ORCID iD: 0000-0001-9065-0741
University West, Department of Engineering Science, Division of Welding Technology. (PTW)ORCID iD: 0000-0003-2560-0531
2017 (English)In: Optics and Laser Technology, ISSN 0030-3992, E-ISSN 1879-2545, Vol. 97, no Supplement C, p. 144-153Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

This paper focuses on how process parameters affect the deposition of Alloy 718 onto an EN 1.4401 stainless steel substrate in terms of secondary phase formation, dilution and hardness. A columnar solidification structure with elongated grains growing in the direction normal to the substrate was observed for all parameters. In the interdendritic regions, phases with a high content of Niobium were identified. Scanning Electron Microscopy imaging and Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy measurements revealed these phases to most likely be Laves phase and Nb-carbides. Temperature measurements indicated no significant aging in the deposits. Considerable enrichment of iron was found in the initially deposited layers due to dilution from the substrate. The increased content of iron seemed to aid in forming constituents rich in niobium which, in turn, influenced the hardness. The highest mean hardness was noted in the sample with the lowest area fraction of Nb-rich constituents.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
2017. Vol. 97, no Supplement C, p. 144-153
Keywords [en]
Laser metal deposition, Additive manufacturing, Powder, Superalloy, Stainless steel
National Category
Manufacturing, Surface and Joining Technology
Research subject
ENGINEERING, Manufacturing and materials engineering
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:hv:diva-11578DOI: 10.1016/j.optlastec.2017.05.038ISI: 000409284800019Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-85021979985OAI: oai:DiVA.org:hv-11578DiVA, id: diva2:1142652
Funder
Swedish National Space BoardAvailable from: 2017-09-19 Created: 2017-09-19 Last updated: 2019-02-05Bibliographically approved
In thesis
1. Laser Metal Deposition using Alloy 718 Powder: Influence of Process Parameters on Material Characteristics
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Laser Metal Deposition using Alloy 718 Powder: Influence of Process Parameters on Material Characteristics
2017 (English)Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

Additive manufacturing (AM) is a general name used for manufacturing methods which have the capabilities of producing components directly from 3D computeraided design (CAD) data by adding material layer-by-layer until a final componentis achieved. Included here are powder bed technologies, laminated object manufacturing and deposition technologies. The latter technology is used in this study. Laser Metal Powder Deposition (LMPD) is an AM method which builds components by fusing metallic powder together with a metallic substrate, using a laser as energy source. The powder is supplied to the melt-pool, which is created by the laser, through a powder nozzle which can be lateral or coaxial. Both the powder nozzle and laser are mounted on a guiding system, normally a computer numerical control (CNC) machine or a robot. LMPD has lately gained attentionas a manufacturing method which can add features to semi-finished components or as a repair method. LMPD introduce a low heat input compared to conventional arc welding methods and is therefore well suited in, for instance, repair of sensitive parts where too much heating compromises the integrity of the part. The main part of this study has been focused on correlating the main process parameters to effects found in the material which in this project is the superalloy Alloy 718. It has been found that the most influential process parameters are the laser power, scanning speed, powder feeding rate and powder standoff distance.These process parameters have a significant effect on the temperature history ofthe material which, among others, affects the grain structure, phase transformation, and cracking susceptibility of the material. To further understand the effects found in the material, temperature measurements has been conducted using a temperature measurement method developed and evaluated in this project. This method utilizes a thin stainless steel sheet to shield the thermocouple from the laser light. This has proved to reduce the influence of the laser energy absorbed by the thermocouples.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Trollhättan: University West, 2017. p. 104
Series
PhD Thesis: University West ; 12
Keywords
Additive manufacturing; Laser metal deposition; Powder; Superalloy; Material characterization
National Category
Manufacturing, Surface and Joining Technology
Research subject
Production Technology; ENGINEERING, Manufacturing and materials engineering
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:hv:diva-11842 (URN)978-91-87531-68-2 (ISBN)978-91-87531-67-5 (ISBN)
Public defence
2017-12-18, F104, Trollhättan, 10:00 (English)
Opponent
Supervisors
Available from: 2017-11-29 Created: 2017-11-29 Last updated: 2017-11-29Bibliographically approved

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Segerstark, AndreasAndersson, JoelSvensson, Lars-Erik

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