In this article we review current research – some of our own and others – on the transition between school and work for young people with intellectual disabilities in Sweden. Two main paths of transition are identified. The first is an introduction to the special needs system of work and occupation within the Swedish welfare state, a continuation of the special needs programme that pupils with intellectual disabilities attend in Sweden. The second path of transition includes more complex self-expectations and belongings both in the special need system and more ordinary life and work. Both paths are discussed in relation to current research and welfare policy. Here, we draw on recent theoretical development in relation to concepts like multidimensional identifications and mixed identities in the fields of international migration and ethnic relations.