An IMCIV model is a novel approach to managing clustered vehicular and ad-hoc networks (VANETs) through Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X) cellular connectivity over 5G LTE. Weighted cluster selection, a new clustering method that considers the model uses distance and reliability as well as travel speed to optimize network performance. The robust end-to-end communication IMCIV provides remains operational even during system failure or outages. An experimental setup implemented using ns-3 on Ubuntu OS with C++ for network construction and Python for analysis shows significant improvements over existing protocols, namely ABIC, PPMO, and UMMR. IMCIV’s top performance is reflected in its key performance metrics, which include the highest network throughput of12 Kbps, the lowest network delay of 75.49 ms, the lowest number of inbounds per packet of 267.16, and the highest transmission accuracy of 96.58%. the protocol offers an exceptional energy efficiency of 268.49 joules, which is crucial for extending the life of vehicular networks. The selection of dual cluster heads enhances network flexibility by ensuring data transmission across the primary and secondary cluster heads, thus improving network adaptability. This comprehensive evaluation confirms that IMCIV not only addresses existing VANET challenges but also significantly improves network performance and reliability. The outcomes demonstrate the utility of IMCIV in modern vehicle networks, demonstrating its potential to enhance communication and data exchange under different scenarios.

Pathogenic bacterial growth detection and monitoring is an important scientific process in the field of quality control in the food, water, and medical industries. Very-large-scale process of such bacteria growth monitoring is possible only with an automated process. The mechanism must make sure that the sample is continuously monitored, and detected, data is communicated to supervisors and managers, and data is stored historically retrievable for quality control and analysis. A manual bacteria inspection among the Petri dishes incubated of such bacterial growth in food processing was attempted for automation. The manual inspection in a microbiological industry involves; an operator inspecting the input petri discs to check if there are bacteria, writing down the barcode of the corresponding petri dish, and then sorting the Petri discs depending on the bacterial growth. In this automation attempt of automatizing this petri-disc inspection, the project was split into two phases. 1. Building a vision system to detect bacteria, developing of an algorithm to quantify the growth, and registering the barcode in a registry. 2. The second phase is to design a robot system with programming and define the layout of the station. The development of an intelligent robotized machine vision automated system proves the concept of a major industrial practice that has the potential to significantly increase the quality and productivity of bacterial growth, with increased throughput.

The demand for new sensors with specific and highly enhanced features has been on the rise today. Factors like sensitivity, response time, recovery rate, cost, size, ease of operation, and reliability play a crucial role in determining the quality of a sensor system. Although, currently, a large variety of sensors are available to monitor fluid flow, temperature, humidity, and pressure, among others. Most of these sensors are expensive, not easy to operate, and have a lower response rate, making them unsuitable for prolonged and extensive use. To improve upon the criteria above, porous carbon-based materials have supported the most promising advancement in material properties, enabling significant advancements to overcome limits previously associated with conventional sensor materials. Carbon-based structures have several advantages over commonly used sensor materials, owing to their superior physio-chemical properties. These carbonaceous structures can be easily synthesized and scaled up to yield fewer densification defects. Furthermore, carbon-based materials have proven to be a more cost-effective and environmentally friendly alternative to currently used electronic materials and are more efficient in their performance. Porous carbon-based materials are being investigated as a viable candidate for sensing applications as their mesoporous and microporous structures aid in the adsorption of the sensing element. Controlled pore size, higher surface area, more accessible synthesis techniques, potential to functionalize with various materials, and physical and chemical loadable active sites are some of the characteristics that make porous carbon-based materials a suitable sensing material with applications in multiple domains. Porous bio-enzymatic sensors based on carbon, electrochemical sensors, multifunctional health monitoring sensors, detection of pesticide residues, detection of DNA-RNA, drug delivery system, bio-electrode have been widely reported in recent years and are gaining considerable interest in the field of sensors. This chapter covers the latest development concerning the manufacture of porous carbon-based sensors, their mechanical, physio-chemical, and biomedical applications, and how they compare with the already available sensor devices. The prospects of porous carbon-based sensors will also be discussed in detail.  

This study is an overview of autonomous cars and also the challenges faced in the field of autonomous cars. Recent advances are being made in the field of planning, perception, and decision-making for autonomous vehicles. This has led to great improvements in functional capabilities; several prototypes are already on roads. The challenge is to obtain the safe execution of vehicles in all driving situations. In this study, we will see recent methodologies for vehicle control using kinematic and dynamic model, collaborative autonomy, decision-making system for autonomous vehicles using convolutional neural network, path planning for autonomous vehicles using model predictive control, real-time decision-making for autonomous city vehicle using world model and driving maneuver system, and intention-aware autonomous driving decision-making using hidden Markov model and partially observable Markov decision process.

Analysing the moisture in stored products like harvested cereal grains and their products, peas, beans, oil-seeds, copra, cocoa beans, spices etc. is very much important to avoid the fungi growth. Moisture can be present in grain in more than one state, i.e. as bound, adsorbed or absorbed water. A designed, integrated circuit was interfaced with personal computer to measure the capacitance which in turn help to calculate the moisture content of rice. The interfaced circuit was tested by measuring the capacitance of different ceramic capacitor. This technique is fast, reliable, accurate and gives hundred set of readings in few seconds. Moisture contents are measured in percentage. The error correction was done with the help of mat - lab programming.

We would like to present, with great pleasure that the aim of the 2nd Virtual Conference on Advances in Electric Drives, Process Control and Automation (VCADPCA2020) is a platform for researchers, academicians as well as professionals from all over the world to present, discuss and promote advances in knowledge, research and practice in the field of Electric Drives, Process Control and Automation. VCADPCA2020 is offering a fantastic opportunity to attend a global scientific forum from the convenience of your desktop. No travelling, no hotel expenses, no time away from the office. The conference runs fully online, from paper submission, including reviewing, conference discussion and post conference processing. All papers will be referred to double tier approval process, single-blind peer-review and regular check. The online conference is a smart and affordable manner of presenting research results.Three leading universities VIT, India, Aalborg University Fibigerstræde, Denmark and University West, Sweden are organized this conference successfully on 9th June 2020. Keynote sessions are presented virtually from National and International experts in cutting edge technologies. The selected papers are presented by the authors virtually in the emerging fields like smart grid, power electronics, renewable energy, industrial automation, control and robotics. The panel members evaluated the research ideas and recommended for paper publications in IOP conference proceedings.