1 - 48 of 48
rss atomLink to result list
Permanent link
Cite
Citation style
  • apa
  • ieee
  • modern-language-association-8th-edition
  • vancouver
  • Other style
More styles
Language
  • de-DE
  • en-GB
  • en-US
  • fi-FI
  • nn-NO
  • nn-NB
  • sv-SE
  • Other locale
More languages
Output format
  • html
  • text
  • asciidoc
  • rtf
  • Ćirović, N.
    et al.
    Faculty of Philosophy- University of Niš, Department of Psychology, Niš (SRB).
    Stevanovic, D.
    Clinic for Neurology and Psychiatry for Children and Youth- 11000 Belgrade (SRB); Gillberg Neuropsychiatry Centre,Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg (SWE).
    Nguyen, H.T.M.
    Faculty of Psychology- University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Faculty of Psychology, Hanoi (VNM).
    Meszaros, Z.S.
    Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Sciences, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY (USA).
    Kerekes, Nora
    University West, Department of Health Sciences, Section for health promotion and care sciences. Centre for Holistic Psychiatry Research CHoPy, 431 60 Mölndal (SWE).
    Thought and mood/arousal disturbances as central broad dimensions in youth psychopathology: A network analysis2024In: Neuroscience Applied, ISSN 2772-4085, Vol. 3, no Suppl 1, p. 103951-103951, article id 103951Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Mounting evidence has implicated that the structure of psychopathology is better conceptualized as dimensional and not categorical as well as hierarchical [1-3]. A hierarchical structure includes a broad general dimension of psychopathology and more specific dimensions that capture distinct aspects of psychopathology [3]. Studies inquiring into the structure of psychopathology in youth are limited, but highly needed to provide the basis for aetiological research. A network paradigm could offer a novel way to study the structure of psychopathological dimensions revealing dynamics behind their interrelations.This study was based on the previous analysis that aimed to map various psychopathological symptoms and personality traits within the hierarchical structure based on the Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology (HiTOP) [2] in a multinational sample of 3923 community adolescents (34.7% males, aged 15 to 19 years) (https://osf.io/fujxa/).

    Twelve specific components were derived via sequential principal component analysis (PCA) and further analysed here: thought dysfunction, low mood, fearfulness, anxiety, physiological hyperarousal, attentional dysfunction, disruptive mood, antisocial behaviour, antagonistic behaviour, detachment, self-destructive behaviour, and substance use. These components were an input to a network analysis to study the grouping/node communities, interconnectedness, and centrality of them. The analyses include Exploratory Graph Analysis (EGA; model=glasso) for dimensionality/grouping analysis and network analysis (EBICglasso estimation performed on Spearman correlations) performed in EGAnet and bootnet packages in R. We used Strength and Expected Influence as centrality measures. Components are represented as nodes in the network.The EGA suggested four dimensions/node communities: the first consisting of substance use and antisocial behaviour, the second composed of self-destructive behaviour and disruptive mood, the third consisting of antagonism and detachment, and the fourth consisting of thought dysfunction, low mood, physiological arousal, anxiety, attentional dysfunction, and fearfulness.

    The network analysis revealed that thought dysfunction, physiological arousal, low mood, and disruptive mood were the most central nodes in the network suggesting their interconnectedness with all other nodes in the network.Our network analysis revealed that specific psychopathological subfactors in youth could be clustered into four broader separate dimensions. Specifically, thought and mood/arousal disturbances proved to be most interconnected with all other nodes/subfactors in the network suggesting that these subfactors could be central in youth psychopathology.

    This result reinforces earlier observations, indicating that thought dysfunction encompasses more than just disordered thought content and forms; it also represents a transdiagnostic phenomenon that spans various disorder dimensions [5]. Thought dysfunction is primarily associated with psychosis but it is also an indication of a broader inability to regulate thinking processes in general (i.e., dysfunctional processes) and extends to other cognitive-rational disturbances [1]. In addition, these findings also align with previous findings that negative affectivity (mostly related to individual differences in experiences of negative emotions), like low or disruptive mood and arousal difficulties highly likely underly general psychopathology [1].

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • Bøje, Jakob Ditlev
    et al.
    Syddansk Universitet (DNK).
    Kristiansen, AslaugUniversitetet i Agder (NOR).Gustafsson Nyckel, JanUniversity West, Department of Social and Behavioural Studies, Division for Educational Science and Languages.Jaap Rothuizen, JanVIA University college (DNK).
    Professionsuddannelser i krise?: Rekrutteringsproblemer, meningstab og meningsdannelse i nordiske lærer- og pædagoguddannelser2023Collection (editor) (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Aim of this book

    This book represents a more delimited interest in some of aspects of the care crisis. We focus on what is called loss of meaning and shaping of meaning in Nordic teacher training programmes. This involves an attempt to study and strengthen the professional norms, standards and ideals, which have historically developed within the Nordic teacher training programmes and professions. These norms, standards and ideals are diverse, but they can be summarized as a professional ethos aimed at ‘making a difference’ in children’s and young people’s lives. We are concerned that this very basic helper motivation is increasingly lost, forgotten, or neglected as part of the care crisis, and we are interested in finding ways to reinstate and reshape its crucial meaning. [...] 

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • Olsson, Anna Karin
    et al.
    University West, School of Business, Economics and IT, Division of Business Administration.
    Eriksson, Kristina M.
    University West, Department of Engineering Science, Division of Production Systems.
    Carlsson, Linnea
    University West, School of Business, Economics and IT, Divison of Informatics.
    Management toward Industry 5.0: a co-workership approach on digital transformation for future innovative manufacturing2024In: European Journal of Innovation Management, ISSN 1460-1060, E-ISSN 1758-7115, p. 1-20Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Purpose –

    The purpose is to apply the co-workership approach to contribute guidelines for manufacturing managers to exploit the potential of digital technologies through a human-centric perspective.

    Design/methodology/approach –

    A longitudinal single case study within manufacturing including a mix of qualitative methods with 18 in-depth interviews and focus groups with 25 participants covering all organizational levels and functions.

    Findings –

    Findings demonstrate that to re-interpret manufacturing management through the lens of Industry 5.0 (I5.0), managers need to respond to the call for a more human-centric perspective by focusing on organizational prerequisites, such as holistic understanding, inclusive organizational change, leadership practices, learning and innovation processes.

    Research limitations/implications –

    Limitations due to a single case study are compensated with rich data collected over time with the strengths of mixed methods through in-depth interviews and focus groups with participants reflecting and developing ideas jointly.

    Practical implications –

    Managers’ awareness of organizational prerequisites to promote human perspectives in all functions and at all levels in digital transformation is pivotal. Thus, proposed organizational prerequisites are presented as managers’ guidelines for future innovative manufacturing.

    Social implications –

    Findings emphasize the need for digital transformation managers to apply a human-centric perspective acknowledging how organizational changes affect the inclusion of employees, and thus challenge culture, structure, communication and trust toward I5.0.

    Originality/value –

    The study contributes to the emerging field of I5.0 by applying an interdisciplinary approach to understand the elusive phenomena of enfolding technology and humans.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • Okenwa Emegwa, Leah
    et al.
    Department of Health Sciences, Swedish Red Cross University, P.O. Box 1059, SE-141 21 Huddinge (SWE).
    Paillard-Borg, Stéphanie
    Department of Health Sciences, Swedish Red Cross University, P.O. Box 1059, SE-141 21 Huddinge (SWE).
    Wallin Lundell, Inger
    Department of Health Sciences, Swedish Red Cross University, P.O. Box 1059, SE-141 21 Huddinge (SWE).
    Stålberg, Anna
    Department of Health Sciences, Swedish Red Cross University, P.O. Box 1059, SE-141 21 Huddinge (SWE).
    Åling, Maria
    Department of Health Sciences, Swedish Red Cross University, P.O. Box 1059, SE-141 21 Huddinge (SWE).
    Ahlenius, Gabriella
    Department of Health Sciences, Swedish Red Cross University, P.O. Box 1059, SE-141 21 Huddinge (SWE).
    Eriksson, Henrik
    University West, Department of Health Sciences, Section for nursing - graduate level. Department of Health Sciences, Swedish Red Cross University, P.O. Box 1059, SE-141 21 Huddinge (SWE).
    Dare to Ask!: A Model for Teaching Nursing Students about Identifying and Responding to Violence against Women and Domestic Violence2024In: Nursing Reports, ISSN 2039-439X, E-ISSN 2039-4403, Vol. 14, no 1, p. 603-615Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The role of nurses in identifying and responding to family violence and violence against women has long been established. However, nurses’ readiness to fully assume this role remains low due to various barriers and the sensitive nature of the subject. As part of capacity building to address this problem, an additional national qualitative learning target, i.e., to “show knowledge about men’s violence against women and violence in close relationships”, was introduced into the Swedish Higher Education Ordinance for nursing and seven other educational programs between 2017 and 2018.

    The aim of this paper is to describe how the national qualitative learning target is incorporated into the undergraduate nursing curriculum at the Swedish Red Cross University College. An overview of relevant teaching and learning activities and how they are organized is first presented, followed by the presentation of a proposed didactic model: Dare to Ask and Act! The model details a step-by-step progression from facts and figures, including the role of gender norms, to recognizing signs of abuse in complex clinical situations, as well as developing skills that enhance the courage to ask and act.

    Due to the sensitive nature of violence victimization, the proposed model reflects the importance of making the subject a reoccurring theme in undergraduate nursing education in order to boost nursing students’ interests and confidence to “Dare to Ask and Act!”. The model also shows that making the subject a recurring theme can be achieved with minimal disruptions to and without overcrowding an existing curriculum.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • Boson, Karin
    et al.
    University West, Department of Social and Behavioural Studies, Division of Psychology, Pedagogy and Sociology. Department of Behavioral SDepartment of Psychology, University of Gothenburg, Göteborg (SWE) ;Department of Psychology, Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences, Lillehammer (NOR).
    Gurdal, Sevtap
    University West, Department of Social and Behavioural Studies, Division for Educational Science and Languages.
    Claesdotter-Knutsson, Emma
    Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund (SWE); Region Skåne, Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Regional Outpatient Care, Lund University Hospital, Lund (SWE).
    Kapetanovic, Sabina
    University West, Department of Social and Behavioural Studies, Division of Psychology, Pedagogy and Sociology. Department of Psychology, Stockholm University, Stockholm (SWE).
    Adolescent gaming and parent–child emotional closeness: bivariate relationships in a longitudinal perspective2024In: Current Psychology, ISSN 1046-1310, E-ISSN 1936-4733Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The aim of this study was to add knowledge of the longitudinal associations between gaming and emotional closeness between parents and their children. We hypothesized that parent–child emotional closeness was linked to less gaming activity over time and that more gaming activity was linked to less parent–child emotional closeness over time. We also tested the moderating efect of child gender on these anticipated links. This study involved a sample of Swedish adolescents, spanning the developmental years from age 12.5 to 17, and included data from two time points (T1; year 2013 and T2; years 2017/2018) with N=782 participants (T1 Mage=12.10, SD=0.40; 49.6% girls). Utilizing a series of Cross-Lagged Panel Models, we found that emotional closeness to both mother and father predicted less time spent on gaming over time. More time spent on gaming predicted less emotional closeness to mother over time. Additionally, gaming activity among girls was specifcally related to less emotional closeness to their father over time. Strengthening parent–child relationships and emotional bonds may be crucial in safeguarding adolescents from developing habits of excessive gaming that could potentially pose problems for their psychosocial development.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • Kapetanovic, Sabina
    et al.
    University West, Department of Social and Behavioural Studies, Division of Psychology, Pedagogy and Sociology. Department of Psychology, Stockholm University, Stockholm (SWE).
    Andersson, Lisa
    Department of Social Work, Malmö University, Malmö (SWE).
    Svensson, Robert
    Department of Criminology, Malmö University (SWE).
    Johnson, Björn
    School of Social Work, Lund University, Lund (SWE).
    Validation of the Super-Brief Pathological Narcissism Inventory (SB-PNI) among Swedish adolescents2024In: Current Psychology, ISSN 1046-1310, E-ISSN 1936-4733Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This study examines the psychometric structure and properties of the Swedish version of the Super-Brief Pathological Narcissism Inventory (SB-PNI) among adolescents. In order to ensure the validity and feasibility of the measure, we examined the factor structure, measurement invariance across gender, age and ethnicity, and construct validity in relation to a number of correlates of narcissism in adolescence. Data were drawn from a large cross-sectional survey conducted in 35 schools in southern Sweden. The sample consisted of N = 5313 adolescents (Mage = 16.10 SD = 1.55) with 52.2% girls, 45.9% boys and 1.8% adolescents with unspecified gender, from compulsory and upper secondary schools in southern Sweden. The results showed that the measure holds a two-factor structure, suggesting the use of the subscales grandiosity and vulnerability separately, rather than as a unidimensional measure. The correlated factors grandiosity and vulnerability yielded full configural and metric invariance across gender, age, and ethnicity. Both grandiosity and vulnerability were correlated with externalizing and internalizing symptoms, as well as with low self-esteem. The study provides evidence for the utility of the SB-PNI among Swedish adolescents and indicates that the measure can be used across male and female adolescents of different ages and ethnic groups. 

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • van Eggermont Arwidson, Charlotta
    et al.
    Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Nursing, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm (SWE); Department of Health Sciences, Swedish Red Cross University, Huddinge (SWE).
    Holmgren, Jessica
    School of Health, Care and Social Welfare, Mälardalen University, Eskilstuna (SWE).
    Tinghög, Petter
    Department of Health Sciences, Swedish Red Cross University, Huddinge (SWE); Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Division of Psychology, Karolinska Institutet, Solna (SWE).
    Eriksson, Henrik
    University West, Department of Health Sciences, Section for nursing - graduate level.
    Gottberg, Kristina
    Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Nursing, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm (SWE).
    (Over)crowded house: exploring asylum seekers’ experiences of the COVID-19 pandemic while living at accommodation centers in Sweden2024In: BMC Public Health, E-ISSN 1471-2458, Vol. 24, no 1, p. 1-15, article id 622Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background

    The COVID-19 pandemic has made visible the scale of health disparities in society, highlighting how the distribution of infection and deaths differs between population subgroups within countries. Asylum seekers represent a potentially vulnerable group; early in the pandemic, concerns were raised about their housing situation, usually involving overcrowded, camp-like accommodations, and the effects of COVID-19 in relation to this. Hence, this study aimed to explore asylum seekers’ experiences of the COVID-19 pandemic while living at accommodation centers.

    Methods

    In this qualitative study, 14 semi-structured interviews were conducted with asylum seekers at two accommodation centers in Sweden. Participants represented a diverse group of asylum seekers in regard to age, educational background, and gender. Data were analyzed using qualitative content analysis.

    Results

    Experiences related to COVID-19 were highly dependent on the living situation at the accommodation centers and the experience of feeling unsafe in shared spaces. This was enhanced by the experiences of a challenging mix of COVID-19 messages where different understandings of COVID-19 and related measures existed, together with a feeling of loss of control and safety in shared rooms. Additionally, participants felt more isolated from the outside society and missed prior social activities. Adding to this experience of isolation was an increasing mistrust regarding the authorities’ pandemic response.

    Conclusion

    This study highlights the importance of understanding the specific challenges and vulnerabilities of asylum seekers at accommodation centers during the pandemic, shaped by their housing situation and legal status. The findings underscore the need for context-specific support, holistic disease prevention approaches, and tailored health communication strategies using diverse formats. Additionally, the findings emphasize the crucial need to identify and mobilize existing community resources in planning and implementing pandemic control measures. Furthermore, the study emphasizes governmental responsibility in providing secure housing, and to address long-term vulnerabilities beyond pandemics.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • Kapetanovic, Sabina
    et al.
    University West, Department of Social and Behavioural Studies, Division of Psychology, Pedagogy and Sociology. The department of social and behavioural studies, University West, Trollhättan, Sweden.
    Skoog, Therése
    The department of psychology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg (SWE).
    In their own voices: immigrant mothers’ experiences and perceptions of the group-based self-assured parents programme for parents in disadvantaged areas in Sweden2024In: Journal of Family Studies, ISSN 1322-9400, E-ISSN 1839-3543, p. 1-19Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Culturally responsive parenting interventions are crucial for immigrant parents in disadvantaged areas. This qualitative study delves into the experiences of 18 immigrant mothers (Mage =41.2 years) from Somalia, Syria, Turkey, Eritrea, and Iraq participating in the Swedish Self-Assured Parents programme, targeting immigrant parents who live in social disadvantage with teenage children. Thematic analysis revealed seven main themes

    (1) the meaning of the programme content and structure,

    (2) enjoying  oneself  and  being  comfortable,  

    (3) putting  theadolescent  in  the  centre,

    (4) mothers’own  socioemotionaldevelopment,

    (5) changing from being a passive reactor to anactive agent,

    (6) empowered citizenship, and

    (7) having always been a strong and good mother.

    Overall, the mothers were positive about both the content and the format of the programme, appreciating the warm and supportive climate. They also perceived themselves as being more attentive to adolescent needs, having improved their own socio-emotional skills, and being empowered both as a citizen and as a mother on accoun tof attending the programme. With the development of culturally responsive programmes that take into account the unique needsand experiences of diverse populations, governments  can effectively support parents, promote child positive development, and help cultivate social cohesion among the members of society.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • Hillberg Jarl, Fredrik
    University West, School of Business, Economics and IT, Division of Business Administration.
    The impact of leadership on the workplace learning of individuals and teams: a literature review and synthesis2024In: Learning Organization, ISSN 0969-6474, E-ISSN 1758-7905, p. 1-38Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Purpose –

    The purpose of this study is to review literature on the relationship between leadership and workplace learning, to critically analyze and discuss findings and to suggest future research paths based on the synthesis.

    Design/methodology/approach –

    This study applied a refined literature review process leading to a selection of 40 articles, which originated from 14 internationally acclaimed journals.

    Findings –

    When explaining leadership influence regarding individual and team learning, the concepts of role modeling behavior, relational support and negotiation of meaning is significant. If leaders provide support, show exemplary behavior and negotiate individual arrangements with employees, workplace learning development is positively affected.

    Research limitations/implications –

    Future studies should focus on empirical cases further illustrating how the leader–employee relationship is formed in practice, to further understand differences in leadership influence on employee workplace learning.

    Practical implications –

    The gathered knowledge implicates that carefully designed leadership training programs and personalized work arrangements between leader and employees are beneficial for leader’s ability to influence employee workplace learning.

    Originality/value –

    The reviewed studies were solely published in top management journals, which resulted in an original literature selection. This study also discusses implicit or articulated assumptions about the view of learning in the selected studies, offering additional understanding about the underlying learning views in leadership–workplace learning research.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • Gharaibeh, Lina
    et al.
    University West, Department of Engineering Science, Division of Production Systems.
    Eriksson, Kristina M.
    University West, Department of Engineering Science, Division of Production Systems.
    Lantz, Björn
    University West, Department of Engineering Science, Division of industrial engineering.
    Quantifying BIM investment value:: a systematic review2024In: Journal of Engineering, Design and Technology, ISSN 1726-0531, E-ISSN 1758-8901, p. 1-20Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Purpose –

    Perceived benefits of building information modelling (BIM) have been discussed for some time, but cost–benefit benchmarking has been inconsistent. The purpose of this paper is to investigate BIM feasibility and evaluate investment worth to elucidate and develop the current understanding of BIM merit. The aim of the study is to propose a research agenda towards a more holistic perspective of BIM use incorporating quantifying investment return.

    Design/methodology/approach –

    An in-depth examination of research patterns has been conducted to identify challenges in the assessment of the investment value and return on investment (ROI) for BIM in the construction industry. A total of 75 research articles were considered for the final literature review. An evaluation of the literature is conducted using a combination of bibliometric analysis and systematic reviews.

    Findings –

    This study, which analysed 75 articles, unveils key findings in quantifying BIM benefits, primarily through ROI calculation. Two major research gaps are identified: the absence of a standardized BIM ROI method and insufficient exploration of intangible benefits. Research focus varies across phases, emphasizing design and construction integration and exploring post-construction phases. The study categorizes quantifiable factors, including productivity, changes and rework reduction, requests for information reduction, schedule efficiency, safety, environmental sustainability and operations and facility management. These findings offer vital insights for researchers and practitioners, enhancing understanding of ’BIM’s financial benefits and signalling areas for further exploration in construction.

    Originality/value –

    The ’study’s outcomes offer the latest insights for researchers and practitioners to create effective approaches for quantifying ’BIM’s financial benefits. Additionally, the proposed research agenda aims to improve the current limited understanding of BIM feasibility and investment worth evaluation. Results of the study could assist practitioners in overcoming limitations associated with BIM investment and economic evaluations in the construction industry.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • Public defence: 2024-04-22 10:00 C118, Trollhättan
    Baghdadchi, Amir
    University West, Department of Engineering Science, Division of Welding Technology.
    Directed Energy Deposition Additive Manufacturing and Welding of Duplex Stainless Steel using Laser Beam2024Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    Duplex stainless steels (DSSs), with a ferritic-austenitic microstructure, are used in a wide range of applications thanks to their high corrosion resistance and good mechanical properties. However, efficient and successful production and joining of DSS require precise control of processes and an in-depth understanding of the relations between composition, processing thermal cycles, resulting microstructures and properties. In this study welding and direct energy deposition of DSS using a laser beam, resulting weld and component microstructures, and properties are explored.

    In the first part a lean FDX 27 DSS, showing the transformation-induced plasticity (TRIP) effect, was autogenously laser welded and laser reheated using pure argon or pure nitrogen as shielding gas. The weld metal austenite fraction was 22% for argon-shielding and 39% for nitrogen-shielding in the as-welded conditions. Less nitrides were found with nitrogen-shielding compared to argon-shielding. Laser reheating did not significantly affect nitride content or austenite fraction for argon-shielding. However, laser reheating of the nitrogen shielded weld removed nitrides and increased the austenite fraction to 57% illustrating the effectiveness of this approach.

    Phase fraction analysis is important for DSS since the balance between ferrite and austenite affects the properties. For TRIP steels the risk of austenite-to-martensite transformation during sample preparation also has to be considered. Ferrite, austenite and martensite were identified and quantified using light optical microscopy (LOM) and electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) analysis. It was found that mechanical polishing produced up to 26% strain-induced martensite, while no martensite was observed after electrolytic polishing.

    In the second part a systematic four-stage methodology was applied to develop procedures for additive manufacturing of standard 22% Cr DSS components employing direct energy deposition using a laser beam and wire feedstock (DED-LB/w) combined with the hot wire technology. In the four stages, single-bead passes, a single-bead wall, a block, and finally a cylinder with an inner diameter of 160 mm, thickness of 30 mm, and height of 140 mm were produced. Implementing this methodology with a stepwise increase in the deposited volume and geometrical complexity can successfully be used when developing additive manufacturing procedures for significantly sized metallic components. The as-deposited microstructure was inhomogeneous and repetitive including highly ferritic regions with nitrides and regions with high fractions of austenite. Heat treatment for 1 hour at 1100°C homogenized the microstructure, dissolved the nitrides, and almost balanced the ferrite and austenite phase fractions. Strength, ductility, and toughness were at a high level for the cylinder, comparable to those of wrought type 2205 steel, both as-deposited and after heat treatment. The pitting corrosion resistance revealed that microstructural differences, including ferrite-to-austenite ratio, alloying element distribution in ferrite and austenite , and the presence of nitrides, affected the corrosion resistance of DED-LB/w DSS. It was also shown that alongside the decomposition of ferrite into Fe-rich (α) and Cr-rich (αʹ) phases, clustering of Ni, Mn, and Si atoms are contributing to the 475°C -embrittlement of DSS manufactured by DED-LB/w.

    This study has illustrated that a laser beam can successfully be used as heat source in processing of DSS both for welding and additive manufacturing. However, challenges like nitrogen loss, low austenite fractions and nitride formation have to be handled by precise process control and/or heat treatment.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • Massouh, Bassam
    University West, Department of Engineering Science, Division of Production Systems.
    Planning and Control of Safety-Aware Plug & Produce2024Licentiate thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    The Plug & Produce manufacturing system is a visionary concept that promises to facilitate the seamless integration and adaptation of manufacturing resources and production processes. The Plug & Produce control system allows for the automatic addition and removal of manufacturing resources, minimizing human intervention. However, the reconfigurability and autonomous decision-making features of Plug & Produce control systems pose challenges to safety design and control functions.

    In contrast to conventional manufacturing systems with fixed layouts and processes, ensuring safety in Plug & Produce systems is complicated due to the complex risk assessment process, the difficulty of implementing non-restrictive safety measures covering all possible hazards, and the challenge of designing a reliable controller for consistent safe operation.

    This thesis addresses these challenges through various contributions. It introduces an automatic hazard identification method, considering emergent hazards after reconfiguration. A novel domain ontology is developed, incorporating safety models specific to Plug & Produce systems. The work also proposes a generic, model-based, and automatic risk assessment method, along with a method for the safe execution of plans based on the results of the risk assessment.

    The results of this research offer benefits to process planners, who are responsible for coordinating the manufacturing processes with product design in the Plug & Produce system. The proposed solution provides tools for process planners to validate their plans and reduces their safety-related responsibilities. The proposed safety assurance method seamlessly integrates into the multi-agent control of Plug & Produce, providing the control system with risk scenarios associated with process plans. This enables proactive and reliable control, effectively avoiding potential risks during system operation.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • Hallberg, Julia
    et al.
    University West, Department of Health Sciences.
    Runge Samuelsson, Linda
    University West, Department of Health Sciences.
    Patienters röst efter stroke: En litteraturstudie2024Independent thesis Basic level (professional degree), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Background:

    Stroke is a common health problem and one of the most frequent causes of disability among adults. Stroke is a collective term for cerebral infarction or brain bleeding, both of which can lead to death. Due to the injury caused by a stroke, patients may experience various symptoms depending on which part of the brain that is affected. Symptoms can include paralysis, difficulty swallowing, language disorders, and cognitive impairment. The severity of symptoms varies depending on the type of stroke, and some individuals may develop residual functional disabilities.

    Aim:

    The aim of this study was to highlight patients’ experiences regarding post-stroke nursing care.

    Method:

    The design of this study was a literature review where eight qualitative articles were analyzed using Friberg’s (2017) five-step method.

    Results:

    Two categories and six subcategories emerged from the analysis. Patients wished to be more involved in their care and wanted to be well-informed and engaged in their situation. Patients have different experiences when it comes to being a patient, which can include the feeling of questioning why this happened to them, facing obstacles, not being seen as a person, or fearing that something might be overlooked in their care.

    Conclusion:

    This study showed that patients’ experiences are important for nurses to go forward with the care the patients’ need. Patients expressed that the information they were given and in the way it was given, made the patients feel involved in their care.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • Kidane, Ariam
    et al.
    University West, Department of Health Sciences.
    Lahdo, Marie Lena
    University West, Department of Health Sciences.
    Personers upplevelser av livskvalitet vid diabetes typ 2: en litteraturbaserad studie2024Independent thesis Basic level (professional degree), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Background:

    Type 2-Diabetes is a widespread global health problem affecting approximately 10.5% of the adult population aged 20–79 years. The disease is characterized by insulin resistance, affects the body's regulation of blood sugar levels, and can lead to serious complications such as microangiopathy. The quality of life for people with type 2 diabetes is closely linked to how the disease affects their everyday life. In order to assess the adaptation to the disease and the management of its physical and psychological challenges, the persons experiences of quality of life are crucial.

    Aim:

    The aim is to investigate how people with type2 diabetes experience their quality of life.

    Method:

    The study was conducted as a literature-based study based on qualitative research. The databases Cinahl and PubMed were used to search for articles, of which 9 articles were selected for the results. The collected data was analyzed based on Friberg's (2017) five-step process to identify key findings.

    Results:

    Three main themes emerged: healthy lifestyle choices; challenges and success factors, factors that deteriorates the quality of life and factors that improves the quality of life that answered the purpose of the study.

    Conclusion:

    The results indicate that people with type 2 diabetes face challenges in disease management. In order to support these individuals and improve their quality of life, a holistic view and individual centered care is required.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • Olausson, Jonna
    et al.
    University West, Department of Health Sciences.
    Andersson, Johanna
    University West, Department of Health Sciences.
    Sjuksköterskans erfarenheter av att identifiera våldsutsatta kvinnor: En litteraturstudie2024Independent thesis Basic level (professional degree), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Women around the world are subjected to violence in intimate relationships. Statistics indicate that one in three women has experienced intimate partner violence. The violence women are subjected to occurs in different forms and primarily behind closed doors in their homes. Nurses play a significant role in identifying violence in their interactions with these women, as they often withhold this information from healthcare providers.

    Aim: The aim was to describe nurse's experiences of identifying women exposed to violence.

    Method: A literature study based on eight qualitative scientific articles from the nurse's perspective and analysed with Friberg’s five-step model.

    Results: The result consists of two main themes and seven subthemes. It turned out that nurses often get emotionally affected when they hear the abused women talk about their experiences. Nurses' previous experiences have a significant role in the care encounter. Other factors that affect the nurses' ability to identify abused women are perceived to be lack of knowledge, lack of routine and lack of time. But also the dilemma of nurses believing that it is not their responsibility to identify abused women.

    Conclusion: Nurses have a lack of knowledge about the subject which results in them hesitating and not daring to ask the question about violence. The conclusion is that several factors affect the nurse in the identification of abused women. Nurses need to improve their knowledge of the subject and need clear guidelines from their workplace to be able to take their responsibility.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • Anderberg, Amanda
    et al.
    University West, Department of Health Sciences.
    Eliasson, Alice
    University West, Department of Health Sciences.
    Belysa sjuksköterskors erfarenheter av att vårda patienter med psykiatriska diagnoser inom somatisk vård: En kvalitativ litteraturstudie2024Independent thesis Basic level (professional degree), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Background:

    The prevalence of psychiatric diagnoses is increasing in society and nurses in somatic care frequently encounter patients with psychiatric diagnoses in their work. Psychiatric- and somatic multimorbidity is common and the nurse is expected to care with aperson-centered and holistic approach for patients in accordance with established documents and laws. Previous research indicates a stigmatization of these patients in society and by the nurses themselves.

    Aim:

    The aim of this study was to illustrate nurses’ experiences of caring for patients with psychiatric diagnoses in somatic care. Method: A qualitative literature-based study with eight scientific articles were included and analyzed with Friberg´s description of the five-step model.

    Results:

    Three main themes were identified with seven additional subthemes. The nurse’s personal challenges: nurses felt fear and anxiety when caring for patients with psychiatric diagnoses with psychiatric and somatic multimorbidity in a somatic care setting because of the lack of knowledge and trust for the patients. Organizational Barriers: inadequate teamwork and collaboration on and between the units made it difficult. Perceptions of patients: stigmatization and preconceptions by the nurses influenced the care of the patients.

    Conclusion:

    It indicates that nurses experience uncertainty in caring for patients with psychiatric diagnoses in somatic care. There is a substantial knowledge gap in the field, and further research is needed for nurses to feel more confident working with patients with psychiatric diagnoses in somatic care.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • Andersson, Jessika
    et al.
    University West, Department of Health Sciences.
    Karlsson, Frida
    University West, Department of Health Sciences.
    Föräldrars erfarenheter när barnet drabbats av cancer: Hur livet påverkas under och efter sjukdomstiden - En litteraturbaserad studie2024Independent thesis Basic level (professional degree), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Background:

    When a child is diagnosed with cancer, parents are very affected. This requires nurses to consider the needs of the entire family. A good understanding of parents’ experiences in this situation can help nurses support them through this tough period.

    Aim:

    The purpose of this study was to describe parents’ experiences when their child was diagnosed with cancer.

    Method:

    The method used is an integrated summary of qualitative research inspired by metasynthesis (Friberg, 2022a). The analysis of ten scientific articles resulted in three themes and eleven subthemes.

    Results:

    The three themes were; An emotional roller coaster, A new reality, The significance of support. The result indicates that parents are significantly affected when their child is diagnosed with cancer. The emotions that arose were many and varied, which made support from others necessary.

    Conclusion:

    The nurse have a crucial role for the parents and can contribute in a variety of ways to ease the situation and enhance well-being. It is important to involve the parents and see the family as a unit through family-centered care. A strong relationship between the nurse, child and parents contributes to ease the parents' experience during their child's time of illness.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • Halwest, Harda
    et al.
    University West, Department of Health Sciences.
    Zarin, Hanna
    University West, Department of Health Sciences.
    Erfarenheter av att vara närstående till en person som erhåller palliativ vård i livets slutskede: En litteraturbaserad studie2024Independent thesis Basic level (professional degree), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Background – Most likely, nurses will be in contact with patients and their relatives in palliative care at the end of life at some point in their careers. Studies have shown that relatives (family members or close friends) play a crucial role in palliative care, and that communication is a key factor in providing support for relatives. For optimal care provision, it is essential for nurses to consider and comprehend the experiences of relatives involved in palliative care at the end of life.

    Aim – The aim of the study was to describe the experiences of being relative to a person receiving palliative care in the end of life.

    Method – For this study a literature-based study grounded in analysis of qualitative researchwas used (Friberg, 2017). The qualitative method aims to create an understanding of individual’s experiences, perceptions, and needs. Nine scientific studies where analyzed.

    Results – Three themes where found; 1) The importance of communication and cooperation, 2) Respect and understanding, 3) Emotional challenges. Relatives express a need for clear and accessible information to alleviate stress and enhance their ability to support their loved ones effectively. Active involvement in care decisions and a person-centered approach were underscored as pivotal.

    Conclusion – The study underscores the significance of tailored information dissemination, active involvement of relatives in care decisions, and a person-centered approach to honor the dignity of patients in end-of-life care. Addressing these aspects can significantly improve the end-of-life experience for patients and their relatives.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • Hermansson, Alma
    et al.
    University West, Department of Health Sciences.
    Skärlund, Tova
    University West, Department of Health Sciences.
    Sjuksköterskors upplevelser av att vårda patienter palliativ i livets slutskede i hemmet: En litteraturbaserad studie2024Independent thesis Basic level (professional degree), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    The number of elderly individuals is increasing and this means that more people are being treated in palliative care. Around 75 thousand people in Sweden require palliative care annually. Palliative care is an approach aimed at enhancing the quality of life and easing suffering in patients facing life-threatening diseases or conditions. Patients must be met with spiritual, social, psychological and physical needs if desired.

    The aim of the study was to describe nurses' experiences of caring for patients in palliative care at the end of life at home. This was a literature study and was conducted based on qualitative research. Nine articles were identified and reviewed. The literature study identified two main themes and six sub themes based on the identified articles. These formed the foundation for the outcome.

    The results revealed different experiences of the nurses. The nurses experienced a lot of emotions in the form of negative and positive feelings. The nurses also described the importance of good teamwork and the importance of having a good relationship with the patients and their relatives. The studies concluded that nurses require additional time to be able to manage emotions and that teamwork leads to a higher perceived security. This then leads to improved palliative care.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • Johansson, Frida
    et al.
    University West, Department of Health Sciences.
    Kasem, Leah
    University West, Department of Health Sciences.
    Faktorer bakom empatitröttheten hos sjuksköterskor: En litteraturstudie2024Independent thesis Basic level (professional degree), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Background:

    Compassion fatigue is a phenomenon described as emotional exhaustion. Healthcare professionals are a high-risk group susceptible to compassion fatigue. It manifests as the objectification of the patient, with a focus on medical technology, leading to a loss of the caring relationship. Compassion is rooted in abilities such as empathy and sympathy, representing an ideal approach expected of nurses. Quality nursing is built on respect, interpersonal interaction, and effective communication, all falling within the responsibility of nurses to fulfill.

    Aim:

    The purpose was to highlight factors leading to compassion fatigue among nurses in hospital-based care. Method: The chosen method was a literature study involving the collection of qualitative research, with a total of 10 scientific articles.

    Results:

    The results are presented in three themes: personal factors, care-related factors, and workrelated factors. Seven subthemes were identified: meeting patients' needs, not accepting the uncontrollable, managing demands and attitudes of relatives, internal negative thoughts and feelings, the mutual impact of personal and professional life, the challenging work environment, and insufficient support from colleagues and management.

    Conclusion:

    The factors behind compassion fatigue encompass various dimensions of nurses' professional lives but also extend into their personal lives. To counteract compassion fatigue, more knowledge and research on the phenomenon are needed. 

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • Chaudhari, Rakesh
    et al.
    Department of Mechanical Engineering, School of Technology, Pandit Deendayal Energy University, Gujarat (IND).
    Khanna, Sakshum
    School of Technology, Pandit Deendayal Energy University, Gujarat (IND).
    Vora, Jay
    Department of Mechanical Engineering, School of Technology, Pandit Deendayal Energy University, Gujarat (IND).
    Patel, Vivek
    University West, Department of Engineering Science, Division of mechanical engineering.
    Experimental investigations on microstructure and mechanical properties of wall structure of SS309L using wire-arc additive manufacturing2024In: Journal of Advanced Joining Processes, ISSN 2666-3309, Vol. 9, article id 100172Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    In present study, a wall structure of SS309L was constructed through Gas metal arc welding based Wire-arc additive manufacturing process. The wall structure of SS309L underwent investigation for microstructure and mechanical properties at three positions along the horizontal deposition direction. Mechanical assessments, including microhardness testing, impact testing, tensile testing, and fractography, were conducted at three positions of walls. Microstructure study has shown a fine granular structure in addition to colony of columnar dendrites in bottom section, a columnar dendrites in middle section, and a mix of dendritic structure with even coarser structures in top section. The mean microhardness values were observed to be 159 ± 4.21 HV, 162 ± 3.89 HV, and 168 ± 5.34 HV for the top, middle, and bottom sections, respectively. Results of impact testing for the wall structure indicated greater strength compared to wrought SS309L. The tensile strength of the built structure showed average values of yield strength, ultimate tensile strength, and elongation to be 409.33 ± 7.66 MPa, 556.66 ± 6.33 MPa, and 39.66 ± 2.33 %, respectively. In comparison, wrought 309 L steel typically exhibits tensile strengths in the range of 360–480 MPa for yield strength, 530–650 MPa for ultimate tensile strength, and 35–45 % elongation. Thus, the obtained tensile strength results for the wall structure fall within the range of tensile strength observed in wrought 309 L steel. Fractography of the tensile and impact specimens, as obtained through Scanning Electron Microscopy, revealed the superior ductility of the fabricated component. This study contributes valuable insights into the manufacturing of wall structure and their analysis regarding mechanical characteristics.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • Larsman, Pernilla
    et al.
    Department of Psychology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg (SWE).
    Pousette, Anders
    Department of Psychology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg (SWE).
    Skyvell Nilsson, Maria
    University West, Department of Health Sciences, Section for nursing - graduate level.
    Gadolin, Christian
    University West, School of Business, Economics and IT, Division of Business Administration.
    Törner, Marianne
    School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Inst. of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg (SWE).
    Ethical value conflicts in healthcare and their effects on nurses’ health, turnover intent, team effectiveness, and patient safety: a longitudinal questionnaire study2024In: Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment and Health, ISSN 0355-3140, E-ISSN 1795-990X, Vol. 50, no 2, p. 113--121Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Objective: Moral distress emanating from value conflicts comprising ethical dimensions pose a threat to nurses’ health and retention, as well as to the quality of care. The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationships between the frequency of ethical value conflicts (EVC), and the perceived distress when they occur, respectively, and nurses’ work-related stress, burnout symptoms, turnover intent, team effectiveness, and patient safety.

    Method: A two-wave longitudinal cohort questionnaire study was performed among registered nurses at six hospitals in two Swedish regions. Cross-sectional analyses (T1) were based on 1817 nurses in 228 care units (CU), and longitudinal analyses (T1 – T2) on 965 nurses in 190 CU. Hypothesis testing was performed using multilevel controlled regression modeling.

    Result: The results indicated that nurses who were often exposed to EVC also to a higher extent tended to report these conflicts as stressful. Frequent exposure to EVC induced by insufficient resources, inapt organizational structures or interpersonal staff relations were cross-sectionally associated with work-related stress, burnout symptoms, turnover intent, and team effectiveness. The longitudinal analyses indicated that EVC induced by a lack of resources primarily had negative effects on nurses’ health and well-being. At the CU level, such conflicts also impaired team effectiveness. At the individual level, EVC induced by organizational constraints or interpersonal relations negatively affected care effectiveness.

    Conclusions: EVC are related to negative consequences in healthcare, and such processes take place both on the individual and organizational levels.</p>

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • Bay, Annika
    et al.
    Department of Nursing, Umeå University, Umeå (SWE).
    Berghammer, Malin
    University West, Department of Health Sciences, Section for nursing - graduate level.
    Burström, Åsa
    Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm (SWE).
    Holstad, Ylva
    Department of Nursing, Umeå University, Umeå (SWE).
    Christersson, Christina
    Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala (SWE).
    Dellborg, Mikael
    Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg (SWE).
    Trzebiatowska-Krzynska, Aleksandra
    Department of Cardiology and Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping (SWE).
    Sörensson, Peder
    Department of Medicine, Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm (SWE).
    Thilén, Ulf
    Department of Clinical Sciences, Cardiology, Lund University, Lund (SWE).
    Johansson, Bengt
    Department of Surgical and Perioperative Sciences, Umeå University, Umeå (SWE).
    Symptoms during pregnancy in primiparous women with congenital heart disease.2024In: Scandinavian Cardiovascular Journal, ISSN 1401-7431, E-ISSN 1651-2006, Vol. 58, no 1, article id 2302135Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: As more women with congenital heart disease (CHD) are reaching childbearing age, it becomes more common for their symptoms to be evaluated during pregnancy. However, pregnancy-related symptoms are similar to those caused by heart disease. This study investigated the prevalence of factors associated with symptoms during pregnancy in women with CHD.

    Methods: The national birth register was searched for primiparous women with CHD who were registered in the national quality register for patients with CHD.

    Results: Symptoms during the third trimester were reported in 104 of 465 evaluated women. The most common symptom was palpitations followed by dyspnea. Factors associated with symptoms were tested in a univariable model; higher NYHA classification (>1) (OR 11.3, 95%CI 5.5-23.2), low physical activity (≤3 h/week) (OR 2.1 95%CI 1.3-3.6) and educational level ≤ 12 years (OR 1.9 95%CI 1.2-3.0) were associated with having symptoms. In multivariable analysis, low physical activity level (OR 2.4 95%CI 1.2-5.0) and higher NYHA class (OR 11.3 95%CI 5.0-25.6) remained associated with symptoms during pregnancy. There were no cases with new onset of impaired systemic ventricular function during pregnancy.

    Conclusion: Symptoms during pregnancy are common in women with CHD but are often already present before pregnancy. Because ordinary symptoms during pregnancy often overlap with symptoms of heart disease, it is important to know if symptoms were present before pregnancy and if they became worse during pregnancy. These results should be included in pre-pregnancy counselling and considered in the monitoring during pregnancy.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • Khazrai, Birgit
    et al.
    University West, Department of Health Sciences.
    Olsson, Tilde
    University West, Department of Health Sciences.
    Sjuksköterskors användning av motiverande samtal med patienter som lever med hjärt- och kärlsjukdom: En litteraturöversikt av kvantitativ och kvalitativ forskning2024Independent thesis Basic level (professional degree), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Background:

    Cardiovascular diseases are globally the leading causes of death. In Sweden 2 million people are currently affected. Contemporary society has created the conditions for an epidemic of diseases caused by unhealthy lifestyles. Nurse led motivational interviewing (MI) can be used to implement changes in unhealthy lifestyle habits.

    Aim:

    The aim of the study was to describe the usability of the method motivational interviewing (MI) in nurses' work with patients with cardiovascular diseases.

    Method:

    The chosen method was a literature review of quantitative and qualitative research. In total 5 quantitative and 3 qualitative research articles were analysed.

    Results:

    The analyses resulted in two themes and six subthemes. First theme was The importance of a good collaboration with subthemes A mutual interaction, To include employers and relatives and The benefits of good alliance. Second theme was Challenges for a successful treatment with subthemes Lack of time, Lack of knowledge and Influence of internal resistance.

    Conclusion:

    Usability of MI with patients diagnosed with cardiovascular disease has been described. Challenges related to relevance of MI has been emphasised. Results of this study indicated that nurse led MI can have positive effects on multiple aspects of selfcare, lifestyle habits and wellbeing.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • Pozhegu, Aulona
    et al.
    University West, Department of Health Sciences.
    Tollesson, Nadja
    University West, Department of Health Sciences.
    Sjuksköterskors erfarenheter av att vårda patienter i palliativ vård inom sluten vård: En litteraturbaserad studie2024Independent thesis Basic level (professional degree), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Background:

    Palliative care involves nursing and treatments aimed at alleviating suffering and promoting the patient's quality of life in the case of incurable, life-threatening illness. The patient's last days of life are valuable to both the patient and relatives, thus it is of great importance that the nurse has knowledge about how to promote quality of life and reduce suffering during the patient's last days of life. Nurses need to switch between caring for patients in the end-of-life stage and patients who can be cured within the same shift. Therefore, it is important to gain knowledge about how working with palliative care in a hospital environment affects nurses.

    Aim:

    The aim of the study was to describe nurses' experiences of caring for patients in palliative care within inpatient care.

    Method:

    A literature-based study founded on the analysis of qualitative research was selected as the method, where nine scientific articles were analyzed according to Friberg's five-step model.

    Results:

    The analysis resulted in three themes and seven subthemes: Strain of internal stress, the need for increased competence, and the impact of resource scarcity on the care environment.

    Conclusion:

    Nurses experience challenges and difficulties when caring for patients in palliative care. They need to display their professionalism while simultaneously their emotions are affected by various factors during work. Time constraints are a major obstacle for nurses in providing palliative care.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • Wahlen, Nadine
    et al.
    University West, Department of Health Sciences.
    Bäckström Herlogsson, Amanda
    University West, Department of Health Sciences.
    Sjuksköterskors upplevelser av att möta våldsutsatta kvinnor inom hälso- och sjukvården: En litteraturstudie2024Independent thesis Basic level (professional degree), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Background:

    Violence against women is a global health problem and nurses are in an ideal position to discover and help these women. Research shows that nurses need more knowledge and better routines to support women exposed to violence effectively. Since these women often interact with healthcare, nurses are likely to encounter these situations in their professional roles. Identifying signs of violence requires nurses to have knowledge, time, and established routines.

    Aim:

    The aim of the study was to describe nurses’ experiences of meeting women exposed to violence within the healthcare system.Method: A literature study based on analysis of qualitative research.

    Results:

    The results were divided into two main themes: organizational shortcomings and prejudices, uncertainty and emotional impact, and six sub-themes: lack of time in the meeting with the woman, lacking routines and responsibility, insufficient knowledge and training, nurses’ preconceived notions, uncertainty among nurses and the emotional impact during the meeting with the woman.

    Conclusion:

    Several factors influence how nurses interact with women exposed to violence, creating challenges in their interactions with these women. The authors believe that violence against women requires a bigger part in nursing education, but also further education in the workplace. Furthermore, well-defined routines are necessary, both for asking about violence and determining how follow-ups should take place.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • Andersson, Signe
    University West, Department of Health Sciences.
    Personers upplevelse av återhämtning efter överlevt hjärtstopp: En litteraturstudie2024Independent thesis Basic level (professional degree), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Background: A cardiac arrest is a traumatic experience. During the dramatic event of a cardiac arrest the focus is to keep the person alive with minimal brain damage. Statistics shows that more people are surviving cardiac arrest and 90 % of the survivors return home without major brain-damage. However previous research shows that survivors struggle with anxiety and depression post-arrest. This leads to a gap in knowledge concerning what makes a good recovery. Nurses have a responsibility to promote physical and mental wellbeing. Therefore, it is important for nurses to carry the knowledge of the experience of recovering from a cardiac arrest.

    Aim: The aim of this study was to explore the experience of recovery after surviving cardiac arrest.

    Method: This study was performed using a literature-based method. Articles were searched using databases CINAHL and PubMed and resulting in 9 qualitative articles analysed according to Friberg´s 5-step model.

    Results: Three themes emerged: lifestyle changes after cardiac arrest, need for support after cardiac arrest and the meaning of life after cardiac arrest. Based on the themes, eight sub-themes were identified: new routines in everyday life, to get to know a new self, to get an understanding for the event, to increase insecurity in oneself and family, access to good coping strategies, to return to work, to be around loved ones and to perform their dreams.

    Conclusion: Changes in everyday life and existential questions are hard to handle alone after cardiac arrest. To ease the recovery after cardiac arrest persons need support from healthcare systems and family.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • Andreasson, Petra
    et al.
    University West, Department of Health Sciences.
    Junkvist, Kristin
    University West, Department of Health Sciences.
    Mannens upplevelse av att leva med blåsdysfunktion2024Independent thesis Basic level (professional degree), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Bladder dysfunction is seen as a public health problem with a strongly increasing incidence in older men. Despite this, the man's experience of bladder dysfunction is a topic that has not been researched in the empirical field as much as women’s experiences. Not highlighting the man's experience leads to suffering and constitutes an obstacle to equal care. The aim of this study was to illustrate the man's experience of living with bladder dysfunction.

    This study is intended to illustrate experiences, therefore it was well suited to make an integrative compilation of qualitative research – inspired by meta-synthesis. Nine qualitative articles that described the man's experiences were analysed schematically and resulted in three themes and six sub-themes.

    Experiences that were noticed in the man were the impact of the environment in bladder dysfunction which included environmental and health care responses. Emotional impact in bladder dysfunction, which highlighted the experiences that arose in connection with bladder dysfunction. The life adaptations in bladder dysfunction was an experience which described the changes the man made to achieve a normality in everyday life as well as changes to hide the condition.

    The man used a range of strategies to maintain normality in life and to keep his condition a secret from those around him. This is seen because of the stigmatization that emerged through this study. Healthcare failed to care for the man with bladder dysfunction and was seen as partially responsible for the stigmatization the man experienced.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • Aspång, Agnes
    et al.
    University West, Department of Health Sciences.
    Bylund, Sofia
    University West, Department of Health Sciences.
    Livet efter sepsis: En litteraturöversikt om patienters upplevelse av sin livssituation efter att ha överlevt sepsis2024Independent thesis Basic level (professional degree), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Sepsis, a life-threatening response to infection, represents a substantial global health concern. Each year, about 48,9 million people are affected by sepsis. While survival rates have improved, sepsis survivors often experience numerous challenges after discharge from the hospital. Therefore, the aim of this study was to describe patients’ experience of their life situation after surviving sepsis. A literature review was carried out using Friberg’s four step model for analyzing quantitative and qualitative research. The data were collected from seven quantitative and four qualitative studies.

    The analysis revealed two themes and eight subthemes: (1) Difficulties adjusting to new living conditions, (2) A challenging recovery process. The first theme had four subthemes: Changed quality of life after sepsis, Physical limitations in everyday life, The challenge of becoming dependent on others and The importance of social relationships. The second theme had four subthemes: A mental struggle to return to a normal life, Traumatization and fears of relapse, The importance of recovery, and Educational and informational gaps.

    Among sepsis survivors, various problems and challenges have been identified that impact their daily life. Numerous survivors suffered from persistent residual symptoms primarily related to physical, psychological, and cognitive domains. Survivors were widely dissatisfied with the information and education about sepsis and its aftermath provided by the healthcare system. Further research is needed to clarify the long-term consequences of sepsis survivorship, and to improve the healthcare guidelines and interventions aimed at improving the well-being of this patient group

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • Eliasson, Emma
    et al.
    University West, Department of Health Sciences.
    Karlsson, Piotr Edvard
    University West, Department of Health Sciences.
    Upplevelsen av att leva med pankreascancer: En litteraturöversikt2024Independent thesis Basic level (professional degree), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Pancreatic cancer is a form of severe neoplasm with a swift disease progression and a high rate of mortality. It is the 12th leading cause of death globally for all cancer-related mortalities. Diagnosis is often late in the disease progression due to the late manifestation of symptoms which limits curative treatment options, resulting in primary palliative treatments. Patients experience a broad variety of symptoms that affect their physical and mental health causing a tremendous symptom burden. Therefore, the aim of this study was to describe the patient’s experience of living with pancreatic cancer. A literature review of qualitative and quantitative research articles was conducted to answer the purpose of this study. Data was collected through Cinahl, PsycINFO and PubMed and generated eleven articles which were analyzed, nine qualitative and two quantitative.

    The results were presented in two categories living in uncertainty which presented the patients emotions associated with getting the diagnosis together with unmeet informational needs and living with an unwell body which presented the physical bodily changes.

    This study concluded that pancreatic cancer has a significant impact on both the patients’ physical and mental health. Furthermore, there was a correlation between physical and psychological symptoms that all affected the patients' state of well-being. Moreover, patients experienced a lack of sufficient information concerning the disease. Therefore, it is of utmost importance that the patient is seen as a whole entity by the healthcare personnel to meet the individual care needs that arise from the illness.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • Ahnlund Bäckman, Marianne
    et al.
    University West, Department of Health Sciences.
    Andersson, Simon
    University West, Department of Health Sciences.
    Patienters erfarenheter av att främja hälsa med livsstilsförändring vid hypertoni: En litteraturstudie2024Independent thesis Basic level (professional degree), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Background: 1,3 billion people in the world suffer from hypertension, and it is considered a leading global risk factor for death and disability. Patients who are diagnosed with this condition are recommended to undergo lifestyle changes to reduce the incidence of secondary diseases.

    Aim: The aim of this study was to describe patients experience of lifestyle changes to promote health in hypertension.

    Method: An analysis method with a foundation in qualitative research was used to contibrute to evidence-based nursing. The authors utilized Friberg’s methodology of qualitative studies. This litterature-based study incorporates 10 qualitative articles.

    Results: This study found that patients encounter diverse barriers and factors in their experiences with lifestyle changes, Two themes emerged; 1: ‘Insight into the complexity of lifestyle changes’. Subthemes that emerged in this theme was; ‘Barriers and challenges’, and ‘Social and psykosocial factors’. 2: ‘Breaking old patterns and navigating through challenges’. Subthemes was; ‘Motivation’, Strategies and insights’, and ‘Finding support in one’s enviroment’.

    Conclusion:It is crucial for nurses to possess the necessary competence to structure person- centered lifestyle changes in consultation with patients and their specific conditions. Increased knowledge and education on this subject would likely enhance patients health, preserve their dignity and have a preventive effect against further complications

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • Elving, Madeleine
    et al.
    University West, Department of Health Sciences.
    Jarjue Nylén, Sophia
    University West, Department of Health Sciences.
    Den okända sjukdomen: En litteraturbaserad studie om kvinnor med endometrios erfarenhet av bemötande i vården2024Independent thesis Basic level (professional degree), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Endometriosis is a common disease that affects approximately 10 % of people born with a uterus. The most common and noticeable symptom of endometriosis is pain. Symptoms usually occur in adolescence and can be lifelong, but often subside with menopause.

    Aim: To describe how women with endometriosis experience health care encounters

    Method: A literature-based study was used to obtain an enhanced understanding of the phenomenon. Nine qualitative articles and one mixed method article were analyzed.

    Results: Two main themes were identified; The theme relinquishing power to external sources describes the vulnerability and objectification experienced by women during healthcare encounters. Conversely, trust can be established if the women feel acknowledged and validated. The theme being stigmatized describes how women experience stigmatization and a lack of credibility in their interactions with healthcare professionals, resulting in a sense of distrust.

    Conclusion: In order to improve healthcare experience for women with endometriosis nurses must address the issues of vulnerability, objectification, stigmatization, and lack of credibility these women encounter. By applying the core competencies, the nurse enables the fulfillment of nursing needs for women with endometriosis.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • Seraj, Adam M.
    University West, Department of Engineering Science.
    Logistikoptimering med 3PL-Integration2024Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Background – Essity, a prominent player in the hygiene and health industry, faces challenges regarding the logistics flow for consumer products from its production facility in Lilla Edet to customers in Denmark. The current logistics process involves internal transportation with company-owned trucks to external warehouses. In this context, ensuring swift and cost- effective deliveries while maintaining customer satisfaction is of utmost importance.

    Purpose – The project aims to analyze and optimize Essity's current logistics flow for consumer products. The focus is on identifying potential improvements to ensure smooth and efficient deliveries to the Danish market. A central part of the investigation also involves considering the integration of a third-party logistics partner (3PL) to further enhance the logistics structure.

    Method – A comprehensive methodology has been employed, analyzing both qualitative and quantitative aspects. Through interviews and observations, data has been collected to gain a holistic understanding of the current logistics flow and potential alternative solutions.

    Results and Discussion – The extensive analysis of Essity's current logistics flow reveals crucial insights. The existing method, involving internal transport to external warehouses, proves to be economically advantageous, especially when considering contracted costs for external warehouses and other project-related expenses for the year 2023. It is worth noting that the economic data for an alternative solution from a potential 3PL provider applies to the year 2025. To understand possible changes in costs over time, considerations have been made for the potential increase in costs for the existing method. The discussion also includes environmental aspects, where different solutions are considered to identify the most sustainable and profitable strategy for Essity's logistics. Solution 2, involving the construction of a new warehouse (green warehouse) and the use of electric vehicles and HVO-driven trucks, presents itself as a sustainable approach that can reduce CO2 emissions and contribute to Essity's overall goal of reducing environmental impact.

    Recommendations for Essity – Based on the results of the analysis, Essity is recommended to conduct a more in-depth benchmarking to explore offerings from other potential 3PL providers. Negotiations with the current external warehouse to improve the price structure should be considered, especially considering the significant total costs for both solutions. Finally, Essity should contemplate making a strategic investment in building an expanded manual warehouse near the existing one, enabling increased flexibility and cost-effectiveness over time.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • Quist, Viktor
    et al.
    University West, Department of Health Sciences.
    Axelsson, Rebecka
    University West, Department of Health Sciences.
    Sjuksköterskors erfarenheter av att vårda patienter i livets slutskede i hemmet: En litteraturbaserad studie2024Independent thesis Basic level (professional degree), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Background:

    Every year in Sweden, approximately 90,000 people die. Some die due to trauma or terminal illness, while others die from natural causes. When patients are in a terminal condition, they can receive support and nursing care from nurses in their own homes. Patients' homes provide a safe environment for both the patient and their family, and many individuals express a desire to spend their final days at home. Previous research indicates that there is a significant amount of data available regarding nurses' experiences in providing end-of-life care in hospitals, but there is comparatively less data and research concerning nurses' care for patients in their own homes.

    Aim:

    The aim of this study was to describe nurses´ experiences of caring for patients in end-of-life care at home.

    Method:

    A method to contribute to evidence-based nursing with ground in analysis of qualitative research was performed to get a better understanding of nurses´ experiences.

    Results:

    Three main themes were discovered; Competence and teamwork makes a difference, need to dare to get close and assets and limitations of work while working in the patient's home. Nurses experienced many emotions, challenges and obstacles when working with patients in end-of-life care in their home. Collaboration was important with both physicians and with the family care providers to enable good care for the patients.

    Conclusion:

    When nurses worked closely with the patients in their home, they felt emotionally affected and the experience overall was both positive and negative. This study showed that nurses in home care need experience and self-confidence to give good and safe care for the patients in end-of-life care.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • Wöst Renås, Emma
    et al.
    University West, Department of Health Sciences.
    Gustafsson, Simone
    University West, Department of Health Sciences.
    Se och förstå mig som lider: Patienters upplevelser av lidande och lindring vid palliativ vård2024Independent thesis Basic level (professional degree), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Background: The population is growing, which places higher demands on palliative care and the need for knowledge development in nursing. Suffering is a big part of living with a terminal illness and relive suffering is part of the nurses' area of responsibility. It is of value for nurses to get insight into the patients' world of life, to provide individual palliative nursing measures. The aim in nursing is to promote quality of life through person-centered care.

    Aim: The aim of this study was to describe adult patients' experiences of suffering and alleviation in palliative care.

    Method: The study was based on a qualitative literature study, with six scientific articles. The articles were selected from the databases Cinahl and PsycInfo, with delimitations for Peer- Reviewed, adults, English language and published between 2013-2023. To analyze the articles, the five-step model of Friberg (2017) was used.

    Results: Three themes emerged from the analyses: Emotional suffering, Physical suffering and Close to death. This study showed patients different and similar experiences of suffering and alleviated suffering at the end of life. Reliving experiences was based on preparation for death, be treated with respect and compassion, be seen and heard, discuss thoughts about life and death and maintain the activities of importance.

    Conclusion: By providing compassionate care, active listening, and being genuinely interested in the patients' wellbeing, increased patients' experience of life quality and gave them a sense of relief. The care measures should be individually tailored due to every patient’s unique needs. It is therefore important for nurses to have a knowledge of how suffering could appear and choose fitting palliative care measures to reach the goal of relieved suffering

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • Lohamre, Jimmy
    et al.
    University West, Department of Health Sciences.
    Lundgren,, Simon Rickard
    University West, Department of Health Sciences.
    Erfarenheter av vårdmiljön hos vuxna patienter med autismspektrumtillstånd2024Independent thesis Basic level (professional degree), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Autism spectrum disorder is a diagnosis that involves difficulties with sensory sensitivity, communication, and social interaction. This condition means that the physical and psychosocial care environment can be experienced as difficult to manage.

    This literature review aims to explore adult patients with autism spectrum disorders' experiences of being in a care environment. A literature review was conducted where eight articles of qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods were analyzed. Systematic searches were made in the databases Cinahl, PubMed, and PsycInfo.

    The results from the analysis were then written down into two main themes and seven sub-themes. The patients testified about experiences in the care environment where needs for adaptations in the physical-, sensory- and psychosocial environment had not been catered for. The patients requested individual adaptations, private spaces, and alternative communication methods. Stress was mainly caused by noise, lack of communication and short care meetings. Several of the deficiencies that emerged could lead to anxiety in the patients. Understanding the specific needs of adults with autism spectrum disorders in the care setting is critical. The care environment needs to become more accommodating when it comes to adaptations and design. Even adaptations to reduce the sensory stimulation can be part of alleviating the often stressful care environment but also to increase the well-being of the patient.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • Cizmic, Mirza
    et al.
    University West, Department of Social and Behavioural Studies.
    Noura, Charbel
    University West, Department of Social and Behavioural Studies.
    Lärares strategier i grammatikundervisning i svenska som andraspråk: En kvalitativ enkätstudie om lärares förhållningssätt till grammatikundervisning2023Independent thesis Basic level (professional degree), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Bakgrund: I den svenska läroplanen Lgr 22 förekommer inte termen "grammatik" explicit (Skolverket, 2023). Däremot förekommer andra terminologier som tydligt beskriver grammatiska principer och strukturer såsom språklig struktur, normer och ordföljd. Läroplanen fungerar som en handledning för lärare inom specifika ämnen och fastställer både lärandemål för eleverna och kriterierna för bedömning. Det som fortfarande är oklart är vad för slags metod lärare i svenska som andraspråk använder för att undervisa eleverna i grammatik.

    Syftet: Syftet med vår studie med lärares strategier i grammatikundervisning i svenska som andraspråk är att ta reda på lärares uppfattningar om sin egen grammatikundervisning och deras tillvägagångssätt.

    Metod: Studien tillämpas genom en kvalitativ enkätmetod genom öppna frågor där informanterna motiverar sina svar. Informanterna är svenska som andraspråkslärare. Studien sammankopplas med den fenomenografiska metoden, där vi kategoriserar informanternas svar i olika kategorier.

    Resultat: Studiens resultat är att lärarnas strategier i grammatikundervisningen baseras främst på faktorer såsom klassens eventuellt gruppens behov. Dessutom arbetar majoriteten av lärarna med grammatik implicit där lärarna väver in grammatiken i olika moment av undervisningen snarare än explicit.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • Lövhall, Johannes
    University West, Department of Engineering Science.
    Process parameter optimisation for Waspaloy using Laser-Directed Energy Deposition with Powder2024Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 15 credits / 22,5 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Material utilisation is of importance in the manufacturing industry formaking the most of each material, minimising waste and increasing cost-effectiveness. In this thesis, samples of Waspaloy built with the method of L-DED-P has been analysed in order to investigate how process pa-rameters influence the build quality and geometrical accuracy in as-builtobjects. The samples analysed was built in single rows of one, three,five and fifteen layers. A build process was used in which the sampleswere built with individual combinations of the process parameters laserpower, scanning speed, and powder flow. Each combination of processparameters was used to build one track for each layer height.Analysis included defect analysis with light optical microscopy, andpost-processing with ImageJ for automatic identification, quantification,and collection of measurements. A qualitative analysis was performed andthe sample properties and characteristics was described in terms of theamount of defects, including a descriptive assessment of defect severity.Etched samples revealed a columnar grain structure in samples, which was apparent in builds with at least three layers.The results presented show a difference in build height, quantity andsize of pores, and the presence or absence of other defects such as lack of fusion. Sample 3 which was built with high laser power, slow scan-ning speed, and high powder feed show promising results with one ofthe highest build rates of all samples, combined with a low normalisedpore distribution. The sample experiences partial hardening, with hard-ness values reaching 320 HV, but still promisingly show no sign of crackformation.It is concluded that powder feed relates primarily to the build rateof the samples, and the scanning speed together with the laser power influence the quality of the build, where high laser power and low scanningspeed tends to form well behaving samples with few defects, whilst other combinations increase the risk of defects.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • Tolf, Andreas
    et al.
    Department of Medical Sciences, Neurology, Uppsala University, Uppsala (SWE); Department of Neurology, Uppsala University Hospital, Uppsala (SWE).
    Gauffin, Helena
    Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences (BKV), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping (SWE); Department of Neurology, Linköping University Hospital, Region Östergötland, Linköping (SWE).
    Burman, Joachim
    Department of Medical Sciences, Neurology, Uppsala University, Uppsala (SWE); Department of Neurology, Uppsala University Hospital, Uppsala (SWE).
    Landtblom, Anne-Marie
    Department of Medical Sciences, Neurology, Uppsala University, Uppsala (SWE); Department of Neurology, Uppsala University Hospital, Uppsala (SWE).
    Flensner, Gullvi
    University West, Department of Health Sciences, Section for nursing - graduate level.
    Experiences of being treated with autologous haematopoietic stem cell transplantation for aggressive multiple sclerosis: A qualitative interview study2024In: PLOS ONE, E-ISSN 1932-6203, Vol. 19, no 2, p. e0297573-e0297573Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Autologous haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (AHSCT) is increasingly used as a treatment for aggressive multiple sclerosis (MS) and has the potential to induce long-term remission and resolution of disease activity. Despite the extensive research on treatment outcome after AHSCT, the experience of living with MS after AHSCT has not been previously described in the scientific literature. The aim of this study was to explore long-term lived experience of people with MS treated with AHSCT.

    Methods and findings: To exclude selection bias, all persons treated with AHSCT for MS at Uppsala University Hospital, Sweden, between 2004 and 2007 (n = 10), were asked to participate in the study, and all accepted. Open-ended interviews were conducted, digitally recorded, transcribed verbatim, and then subjected to qualitative content analysis with an inductive approach. Five main themes emerged from the interviews: (I) being diagnosed with MS–an unpredictable existence; (II) a new treatment–a possibility for a new life; (III) AHSCT–a transition; (IV) reclaiming life; and (V) a bright future accompanied by insecurity. AHSCT was described by the participants in terms of a second chance and an opportunity for a new life. The treatment became a transition from a state of illness to a state of health, enabling a previous profound uncertainty to wane and normality to be restored. Although participants of different age and sex were included, the main limitation of this study is the relatively small number of participants. Also, the inclusion of persons from one centre alone could restrict transferability of the results.

    Conclusions: The results give a first insight into lived experience following a highly effective induction treatment for MS, and the experience of not having MS anymore. Underpinned by previously described outcome following AHSCT, the results of this study challenge the current view on MS as a chronic disease with no possible cure.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • Bäck, Elin
    et al.
    University West, Department of Social and Behavioural Studies.
    Hurtig, Elin
    University West, Department of Social and Behavioural Studies.
    ”Det kanske inte är så jätteattraktivt att se någon stå och hålla i en stor gädda liksom”: Heterosexuella kvinnors preferenser och resonerande av mäns profiler inom online-dejting2024Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    En stor del av dem som bildar par i Sverige har idag träffats på olika online-dejtingplattformar. Tidigare forskning har visat att kvinnor är mer selektiva i val av partner. Detta kan göra att män riskerar att bli bortvalda i dessa sammanhang, vilket kan medföra negativa konsekvenser för den enskilda individen och samhället i stort. Syftet med denna kvalitativa studie är att undersöka heterosexuella kvinnors preferenser och resonemang om mäns profiler inom online-dejting, med fokus på vad som får dem att välja en profil. För att besvara syftet ställs följande frågeställningar: “Vad anser heterosexuella kvinnor att en online-dejtingprofil skall innehålla för att de skall välja den?” och “Hur resonerar heterosexuella kvinnor när de väljer en online-dejtingprofil?". Semistrukturerade intervjuer har utförts med nio heterosexuella kvinnor mellan 22 och 30 år och materialet har därefter analyserats tematiskt. Studien har haft en abduktiv ansats och data diskuteras delvis utifrån teorin om assortative mating. Studien visade att kvinnor initialt resonerade kring profilens uppfattade positiva attribut, därefter sökte de efter ledtrådar i profilen om mannens egenskaper och slutligen visualiserade de sig att dejta mannen i verkligheten. Studiens resultat visade visst stöd för assortative mating då liknande värderingar var något många av respondenterna uppvisade preferenser för. Resultatet visade också att respondenterna konsekvent sökte efter ledtrådar i mannens online-dejtingprofil, ett sätt för dem att hantera den digitala miljön, med begränsad information. Studiens resultat diskuteras delvis utifrån ett perspektiv om kulturella skillnader, då assortative mating är utformad i en amerikansk kontext.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • Larsson, Elin
    et al.
    University West, Department of Health Sciences.
    Kjellson, Josefin
    University West, Department of Health Sciences.
    Sjuksköterskors strategier för att hantera etiska dilemman inom palliativ vård: En integrerad sammanställning av kvalitativ forskning2024Independent thesis Basic level (professional degree), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Background

    Ethical dilemmas in palliative care is a common issue for nurses to handle. Nurses have the responsibility to provide care that is in the best interest for the patient and to enhance the quality of life in the end-of-life stage. Dilemmas occur when differing opinions exist about what is in the best interest for the patient. Previous research indicates that nurses play a significant and crucial role in managing ethical dilemmas in palliative care, many of them experience conflicts when their sense of what is right clashes with their perceived duties.

    Aim

    The aim of this study was to describe strategies that nurses use for dealing with ethical dilemmas in palliative care. Method A literature-based study where eleven articles have been analyzed according to Friberg's five-step model.

    Results

    The findings of this study indicates that the primary strategies nurses use for addressing ethical dilemmas in palliative care was to establishing trusting relationship with the patients and also with their relatives. Collaboration with colleagues is also crucial and fostering effective teamwork, creating an environment for collective reflection to exchange experiences and knowledge.

    Conclusion

    Effective teamwork and strong patient relationships are essential in palliative care, leadong to an increased well-being for the patient and the ability to tailor care needs individually. Nurses in palliative care require ongoing professional development to feel secure in their professional roles and to foster confident healthcare relationships.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • Lashgrinejad, Johannes
    et al.
    University West, Department of Social and Behavioural Studies.
    Wojnicki, Simon
    University West, Department of Social and Behavioural Studies.
    Långvarig motivation till fortsatt styrketräning på gym: En empirisk studie2024Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Den mentala hälsan bland den svenska befolkningen har försämrats under de senaste åren, i synnerhet bland unga vuxna. Ny forskning har belyst de många positiva effekter på den mentala hälsan som medföljer regelbunden fysisk aktivitet, men ändå är det endast en liten del av befolkningen som motionerar regelbundet. Dock har styrketräning på gym börjat öka i popularitet och därav var det intressant att undersöka vad som motiverar gymmotionärer till att bibehålla sin träning på lång sikt. Syftet med studien formulerades således till att undersöka unga vuxna gymmotionärers bakomliggande faktorer för motivation till långsiktig styrketräning, med mål att behålla fler gymmotionärer inom styrketräning och därmed även bidra till en ökad hälsa bland den svenska befolkningen. Studien utgick från teorin om de grundläggande psykologiska behoven skapad av Deci och Ryan. Åtta separata semistrukturerade intervjuer utfördes med unga vuxna gymmotionärer, och den insamlade datan analyserades genom en tematisk analys.

    Resultatet bestod av tre huvudteman: (1) individens valfrihet, (2) likasinnade människor i sin omgivning, samt (3) fokus på sig själv. Resultatet diskuterades sedan utifrån tidigare forskning kring de grundläggande psykologiska behoven i en idrottskontext. Den här studien kan bidra med en ökad förståelse för vad som motiverar unga vuxna till regelbunden fysisk aktivitet, vilket kan främja en hälsosam livsstil och bidra i det förebyggande arbetet mot mental ohälsa bland Sveriges befolkning.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • Sonne Lehnberg, Ida
    et al.
    University West, School of Business, Economics and IT.
    Holmström Borén, Sébastien
    University West, School of Business, Economics and IT.
    Utmaningar vid migrering till molntjänster2024Independent thesis Basic level (university diploma), 5 credits / 7,5 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    The purpose of this study was to investigate whether a migration of data and applications towards the cloud entailed any detectable consequences. After that, our goal was to find some kind of solution to these possible problems. We did literature study and to gain a deeper understanding of these issues this study was supplemented with four semi-structured interviews. Our results show that a generally positive perception of cloud services emerges, where availability appears as the primary driving force. Different organizations have different needs, which is why it is important to determine these needs before a migration.Our conclusion is that one should undertake thorough and well-structures preparatory work. Subsequently, it is recommended to consciously choose and follow one or several established migration strategies.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • Stelmaj, Irene
    et al.
    University West, Department of Health Sciences.
    Ravat, Meera Girish
    University West, Department of Health Sciences.
    Vid livets slut - Sjuksköterskors erfarenheter av att vårda patienter med demens i ett palliativt skede: En litteraturstudie2024Independent thesis Basic level (professional degree), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Caring for patients with dementia at the end of life can be challenging because of the complex nature of the disease. In the later stages of dementia, the patient loses many cognitive functions like communicative skills which leads to difficulties in understanding the patients’ symptoms and needs. Due to these communicative challenges, pain management can be a challenge for the nurse to manage as well. Nurses have the primary responsibility in the care of these patients which is why it is valuable to understand the nurses’ experience of caring for patients with dementia in palliative care.

    Aim: To describe nurses experience of caring for patients with dementia in palliative care.

    Method: The study was a literature study with a qualitative approach. Nine scientific articles were chosen from the databases Cinahl and PubMed. The articles were analyzed using Friberg’s five step analysis model.

    Results: Four major themes were identified during the analysis: Challenging to read and inter-pret non- verbal communication; Challenging to relieve suffering; Relatives both an asset and a challenge and The structure of the organization affected the possibility of good care.

    Conclusion: The nurses experienced challenges in understanding the patients’ needs because of the patients’ lack of verbal communication, which is why the nurses used their observational skills to read the patients’ non-verbal signs. The nurses felt that there was a need for more training and education for the health care professionals in general to be able to provide a good care to the patients. The relatives of the patients were an asset in understanding the person behind the disease.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • Thorin, Malena
    et al.
    University West, Department of Health Sciences.
    Mattiasson, Caroline
    University West, Department of Health Sciences.
    Smärta vid endometrios: En litteraturstudie om kvinnors upplevelser2024Independent thesis Basic level (professional degree), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Background

    Endometriosis affects about one in ten women and is a chronic disease. The endometrium grows outside the uterus cavity and causes pain and suffering that leads to a reduced quality of life.

    Aim

    The aim of this study was to investigate women´s experience of pain when living with endo-metriosis.

    Method

    The method used was a qualitative integrative compilation inspired by meta-synthesis where nine qualitative articles were analyzed.

    Results

    In this study three main themes and six sub-themes emerged. These showed that pain, infertility, heavy and long periods as symptoms when diagnosed with endometriosis affects woman in her daily life. This contributes to lost function and isolation when it comes to social relationships, love life, work, studies and everyday life.

    Conclusion

    Women with endometriosis need to receive care based on their individual problems and meet healthcare professionals who has knowledge and competence regarding endometriosis. This to provide the best possible conditions to alleviate suffering for these women.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • Zejnullahi, Dorentina
    et al.
    University West, Department of Social and Behavioural Studies.
    Ristic, Kristina
    University West, Department of Social and Behavioural Studies.
    Unga röster om relationen med sina föräldrar: En kvalitativ studie2024Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Denna studie använder Antonovskys teori om känslan av sammanhang och Bronfenbrenners ekologiska systemteori för att utforska förälder-tonåring-relationen. Genom intervjuer med tio ungdomar, 17-19 år, utvalda via bekvämlighets- och snöbollsurval, undersöktes föräldrarnas engagemang och dess inverkan på ungdomars välbefinnande. Tematisk analys identifierar fyra huvudteman: socialt stöd och engagemang, brist på föräldrastöd, gemensam tid och den generella relationen med föräldrarna. Resultaten betonar betydelsen av föräldrars interaktion och stöd. Trots uppfattningar om otillräcklighet eller överkontroll, präglas en stark förälder-tonåring-relation av närvaro, stöd och öppen kommunikation. Studiens överensstämmelse med tidigare forskning förstärker trovärdigheten och tillförlitligheten i dess slutsatser om förälder-tonåring-dynamiken.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • Klinghammer, Linnea
    et al.
    University West, Department of Health Sciences.
    Solefors, Christoffer
    University West, Department of Health Sciences.
    Ofrivillig ensamhet: Det dolda hotet mot hälsan och välbefinnandet2024Independent thesis Basic level (professional degree), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Loneliness among elderly is a public health concern in today’s society world-wide. Loneliness affects the body both mentally and physically and is often associated with mental disorder and depression, even though that may not be the real problem. Loneliness affects the elderly with severe suffering that leads to a decreased joy of life. Suicidal thoughts are common. It is important to identify loneliness in an early stage. The knowledge about loneliness is low among nurses. Increased knowledge about loneliness contributes to improved care and prevention of loneliness among the elderly.

    Aim: The aim of this study was to examine the experience of loneliness among elderly. Method: A literature-based study based on qualitative research. Eleven articles were included through systematically research in CINAHL and PsycInfo. Inclusion criteria for selected articles were elderly over 65 years, based on English language and published 2014 – 2023. Friberg´s five step model was used to analyze the articles.

    Results: The study found that elderly people experienced loneliness in feelings through lack of purpose and meaningfulness in life. The aging body limited the elderly in their daily life and led to the feeling of loneliness. Closeness to spouse, friends or family were important for not experiencing loneliness. Establishing new routines, finding acceptance, being active and having the freedom to choose whether being alone or not, were all coping strategies against experienc-ing loneliness.

    Conclusion: Lack of context, aging body and lack of social network were all considered as contributing factors in feelings of loneliness among elderly people.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • Hassan, Nasra
    et al.
    University West, Department of Health Sciences.
    Hafsa, Nuura Hassan
    University West, Department of Health Sciences.
    Patienters upplevelse av att genomgå hemodialysbehandling: En litteraturbaserad studie2024Independent thesis Basic level (professional degree), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Background: The kidneys have important functions in the body. When the kidneys stop working, a dialysis treatment is required. There are two types of dialysis treatments: peritoneal dialysis and hemodialysis. This study focuses on how patients experience hemodialysis treatment.

    Aim: The purpose of this study was to describe the patients' experience of treatment with hemodialysis.

    Method: A literature-based study was conducted where a total of nine qualitative articles were reviewed and analysed with the use of Friberg’s (2017) five-step model.

    Results: The results of this study consist of two themes. The first theme describes the perceived effects of hemodialysis treatment while the second theme describes the importance of the support that they get from their family, friends and other patients undergoing hemodialysis treatment.

    Conclusion: Patients undergoing hemodialysis treatment experiences radical changes in their everyday life that limits their social life and make them dependent on others. These patients value the support of family, friends, nurses, and other patients undergoing this treatment.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext